公开课一等奖课件-被动语态.ppt

1、The river was seriously polluted.了解被动语态了解被动语态被动语态构成：助动词被动语态构成：助动词be+done2、形式、形式:1）一般现在时：一般现在时：am/is/are+done 1.英语中有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态英语中有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态2)一般过去时：一般过去时：was/were+done3)一般将来时：一般将来时：will+be+done4 4)含有含有情态动词：情态动词：情态动词情态动词+be+be+donedone 语态是动词的一种形式，表示语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语主语和和动词动词之间之间的关系。英语动词有两种语态：主动语态

2、和被动语的关系。英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态动词的主语是动作的态。主动语态动词的主语是动作的执行者执行者，而被动，而被动语态动词的主语是动作的语态动词的主语是动作的承受者承受者。被动语态是动词。被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般说来，只有需要动作对象的的一种特殊形式，一般说来，只有需要动作对象的及物动词及物动词才有被动语态。才有被动语态。英语语态英语语态被动语态的构成被动语态的构成 workedopenedclosed seentaught asked work close openask seeteache.g.由助动词由助动词be+及物动词的过去分词（及物动词的过去分词

3、（V-ed）构成。构成。助动词助动词be有有人称、数和时态的变化人称、数和时态的变化。1.1.规则动词的过去分词：规则动词的过去分词：1)1)一般情况在动词原形后一般情况在动词原形后加加-ed-edwatch-watched2)2)以不发音以不发音e e结尾的加结尾的加-d-dpractice-practiced3)3)以辅音加以辅音加y y结尾的，去结尾的，去y y变变i i加加-ed-edstudy-studied4)4)以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加先双写该辅音字母，再加-ed-edstop-stopped2.2.不

4、规则动词的过去分词不规则动词的过去分词：amisarebeenhavehashaddodonewritewrittengogone When can we use the passive voice?1.不知道动作的执行者是谁，或没有必要指出动作的执行者不知道动作的执行者是谁，或没有必要指出动作的执行者时。时。My bike was stolen last night.昨晚我的自行车被偷了。Letters are collected at eight every morning.信件每天早晨八点收取。2.为了强调或突出动作的承受者时。为了强调或突出动作的承受者时。The desk was ma

5、de by Master Wang.这张课桌是王师傅做的。The bag was taken away by his sister.那个口袋是她姐姐提走的。被动语态的肯定式，否定式，和疑问式的构成被动语态的肯定式，否定式，和疑问式的构成 否定式在第一个助动词后加否定式在第一个助动词后加not.疑问式，只需将第一个助动词提前到主语前面疑问式，只需将第一个助动词提前到主语前面 The desk is made of wood.The desk isnt made of wood.Is the desk made of wood?Yes,it is.No,it isnt.语态转换语态转换英语的谓语动

6、词有两种语态英语的谓语动词有两种语态We speak English.主语主语谓语谓语宾语宾语English is spoken by us.主语主语谓语谓语宾语宾语主动语态主动语态被动语态被动语态宾提前变主，主变介宾提前变主，主变介byby宾，被动宾，被动bebe加加done,done,时态看主动时态看主动be+done被动语态的基本结构被动语态的基本结构:有各种时态的变化有各种时态的变化考点一考点一:主变被解题步骤主变被解题步骤:1.找宾语找宾语-即动作的承受者即动作的承受者They make shoes in that factory.Shoes2.判断宾语的单复数判断宾语的单复数-即即

7、be动词的单复数动词的单复数.are3.判断动词的时态判断动词的时态-即即be动词的时态动词的时态.4.修改谓语的时态修改谓语的时态-即原句动词改为过去分词即原句动词改为过去分词 made5.修改原句的主语修改原句的主语-即即by+主语主语/宾语宾语.by them.1.Now English _ by more and more people all over the word.A.speaks B.is spoken C.was spoken一般现在时的被动语态：一般现在时的被动语态：am/is/are+donetask（一）（一）1.We like Miss Lin Very much.

8、Miss Lin _ _ by us very much.2.Many young people love Jay Chou songs.Jay Chous songs _ _ by many young people.islikedareloved时态时态:结构：结构：am/is/are+done一般现在时一般现在时把下列句子改为被动语态：把下列句子改为被动语态：2.The lost boy _ at the street corner last night.A.was found B.is found C.was looked for一般过去时的被动语态：一般过去时的被动语态：was/we

9、re+donetask（二）（二）1.The man repaired the car yesterday.The car _ _ by the man yesterday.2.Mr Song encouraged us to study hard last week.We _ _ to study hard by Miss Peng last week.wasrepairedwereencouraged时态时态:结构：结构：was/were+done一般过去时一般过去时把下列句子改为被动语态：把下列句子改为被动语态：3.Many houses _ in the future.A.will b

10、uild B.will be built C.are built 一般将来时的被动语态一般将来时的被动语态will+be+donebe going to+be+donetask(三三)1.The city will build the new airport next year.The new airport _ _ _ next year.2.Huidong Middle School is going to send two students to Hongkong to study.Two students_ _ _ _ _ to Hongkong to study.willbe are

11、 be 时态时态:结构：结构：will/be going to+be+done一般将来时一般将来时builtgoing tosent4.Flowers _ every day.A.has been watered B.should be watered C.should water含有情态动词的被动语态：含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词情态动词+be+done含有情态动词的被动语态：含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词情态动词+be+1.You mustnt clean the room today.The room_ _ _ by you today.2.We should finish our

12、 homework on time.Our homework_ _ _ by us on time.（四）（四）mustnt should 结构：结构：be cleanedbefinishedPart 3练习:用be动词的正确形式填空.1.A knife _ used to cut apple2.The rooms _cleaned later.3.The students _ asked to have breakfast.4.They_ encouraged to study hard in the past.5.Not only he but also I _ punished last

13、 night.iswill be arewerewas一般现在时：一般现在时：一般过去时：一般过去时：一般将来时：一般将来时：情态动词情态动词:am/is/are+done 情态动词有情态动词有+be+done will +be+done was/were +done以下时态的被动语态构成SummaryTask 4考点二考点二:被动语态中的特殊情况被动语态中的特殊情况:I saw him fall off the tree.He _ _ _ fall off the tree.was seen to 挑战这些动词真奇怪，主动句中这些动词真奇怪，主动句中to 离开，被动句中离开，被动句中to回回

14、 来。来。（feel,listen to,hear,let have,make,look at,see,watch,notice)see/hear sb.do sthbe seen/heard to do sthmake sb.do sth.be made to do sth.主动主动:被动被动:主动主动:被动被动:I saw some boys playing football Some boys were seen playing football.宾语加宾语补足语的复合宾语，变被动语态，宾语加宾语补足语的复合宾语，变被动语态，只把宾语变为被动语态的主语，宾语补足语保只把宾语变为被动语态的

15、主语，宾语补足语保留在原处，成为主语的补足语。留在原处，成为主语的补足语。思考思考3They take good care of the baby.The baby is taken good care of by them.注意：含动词词组的被动注意：含动词词组的被动语态，须将其看作一个语态，须将其看作一个整体，不可把它们分隔开整体，不可把它们分隔开来。来。注意注意:约翰打开了收音机。约翰打开了收音机。John turned on the radio.The radio was turned on.奶奶照看我姐姐。奶奶照看我姐姐。Grandma takes care of my sister

16、.My sister is taken care of by Grandma.注：千万不要遗漏介词或副词。注：千万不要遗漏介词或副词。We must speak to old people politely.Old people must be spoken to politely.Speak to be spoken toHand in be handed in.Children should _.A.take good care of B.be taken good care C.be taken good care of固定短语的被动不要丢掉后面的固定短语的被动不要丢掉后面的介词或副词介

17、词或副词I was given a book by her.A book was given to me by her.思考思考4.She gave me a book.如如 遇双宾语，最好变间宾，遇双宾语，最好变间宾，如若变直宾，间宾前如若变直宾，间宾前to/for（pass,lend,buy,write,bring,show,tell）变为被动时，间宾前加变为被动时，间宾前加to 的带有双宾的带有双宾语的动词有：语的动词有：14个个.“七给一带七给一带”to 不不少少give,pass,lend,write.hand,send,show,bring,refuse,leave,promise

18、,tell,return,teach,变为被动时，间宾前加变为被动时，间宾前加for 的带有双宾语的的带有双宾语的动词有：动词有：9个个“买买”“”“画画”“”“制作制作”for来了。来了。buy,draw，make,get,do,pay,sing.cook,mend1.Please pass the book to Lily.The book is passed to Lily by you please.Lily is passed the book.2.He gave me a beautiful present.I was given a beautiful present by hi

19、m.A beautiful present was given to me.BA有些动词的主动形式表示被动含义有些动词的主动形式表示被动含义 1.连系动词连系动词（Link.v.)不用被动语态不用被动语态(中考必考）如：be,feel,keep,look,sound,smell,taste,seem,get,turn,become e.g.Peking Opera _(sound)beautiful.sounds2.当此动词表示事物的自然属性的时候，当此动词表示事物的自然属性的时候，不用被不用被动语态动语态。如。如open,lock,write,read,sell,clean,wash,cut

20、,burn,drive.e.g.The pen _(write)very fast.writes This kind of sweater _(sell)well.sells(2014河北35题）Mom is making dinner,It_so nice.A.smells B.tastes C.feels D.sounds(2011河北37题）This sentence_right.Please write it down.A.feels B.sounds C.tastes D.smellsAB Your desk _.A.needs repair B.needs repairing C.

21、needs to repair3.need,want,require,可以用可以用-ing形式表示被动形式表示被动need to be done =need doing This film is worth seeing.4.be worth doing doing 表示被动表示被动意义意义。思考思考6.1.Many people _ during the earthquake in May,2008.A.were diedB.deadC.died 1.)die,take place,happen,belong to,come,go等不及物动词没有被动语态等不及物动词没有被动语态.2.It w

22、ill happen in 50 years.()3.It will be happened in 50 years.()x2)表示静态的及物动词不用被动语态表示静态的及物动词不用被动语态have /fitI have a TV set.The coat fits me well.3)。主动句的宾语是不定式或。主动句的宾语是不定式或ing时，不能用时，不能用作宾语从句作宾语从句。My mother enjoys watching TV.(主动语态）主动语态）Watching TV is enjoyed by my mother.(错）错）They said that he would come

23、 back soon.It was said that he would come back soon.被动语态结构的习惯用法类似的还有：被动语态结构的习惯用法类似的还有：It is reported that believed hoped supposed thoughtWe report 河北省被动语态出题方向1.时间标志词2.情景化原则3.Special rules.（2014.河北43题）The pet dog is warm and loving.It_as a daughter of my family.A.treats B.treated C.is treated D.was t

24、reated(2013.河北38题）Annie _to the party.She had a wonderful time with us.A.invites B.is invited C.was invitedD.has invited（2012.河北44题）More money_when we use both sides of paper.A.will saveB.was savedC.has savedDwill be saved2011.河北44题The Sping Festival_in Januay or February.A.celebrates B.is celebrate

25、d C.celebrated D.was celebrated(2010.河北37题)Hong Kong_to be a good place for eating today.A.knows B.knew C.is known D.was known ccDB C蔡琰（作者有待考证）的胡笳十八拍郭璞的游仙诗鲍照的拟行路难庾信的拟咏怀都特别喜欢。不过都是组诗，太长了，就不贴了orz。最后还想推一下萧绎的幽逼诗四首：【南史曰：元帝避建邺则都江陵，外迫强敌，内失人和。魏师至，方征兵四方，未至而城见克。在幽逼求酒，饮之，制诗四绝。后为梁王詧所害。】南风且绝唱，西陵最可悲。今日还蒿里，终非封禅时。人世

26、逢百六，天道异贞恒。何言异蝼蚁，一旦损鲲鹏。松风侵晓哀，霜雰当夜来。寂寥千载后，谁畏轩辕台。夜长无岁月，安知秋与春。原陵五树杏，空得动耕人。蔡琰（作者有待考证）的胡笳十八拍郭璞的游仙诗鲍照的拟行路难庾信的拟咏怀都特别喜欢。不过都是组诗，太长了，就不贴了orz。最后还想推一下萧绎的幽逼诗四首：【南史曰：元帝避建邺则都江陵，外迫强敌，内失人和。魏师至，方征兵四方，未至而城见克。在幽逼求酒，饮之，制诗四绝。后为梁王詧所害。】南风且绝唱，西陵最可悲。今日还蒿里，终非封禅时。人世逢百六，天道异贞恒。何言异蝼蚁，一旦损鲲鹏。松风侵晓哀，霜雰当夜来。寂寥千载后，谁畏轩辕台。夜长无岁月，安知秋与春。原陵五树杏，空得动耕人。蔡琰（作者有待考证）的胡笳十八拍郭璞的游仙诗鲍照的拟行路难庾信的拟咏怀都特别喜欢。不过都是组诗，太长了，就不贴了orz。最后还想推一下萧绎的幽逼诗四首：【南史曰：元帝避建邺则都江陵，外迫强敌，内失人和。魏师至，方征兵四方，未至而城见克。在幽逼求酒，饮之，制诗四绝。后为梁王詧所害。】南风且绝唱，西陵最可悲。今日还蒿里，终非封禅时。人世逢百六，天道异贞恒。何言异蝼蚁，一旦损鲲鹏。松风侵晓哀，霜雰当夜来。寂寥千载后，谁畏轩辕台。夜长无岁月，安知秋与春。原陵五树杏，空得动耕人。