四级选词填空课件.ppt

1、以以ion,age,ness,ty,ship,ace,ance,ancy,ence,ency,dom,itude,um,mony 结尾的大都是名词；结尾的大都是名词；以以ize,ise,fy结尾的大都是动词；结尾的大都是动词；以以ive,ent,ant,ful,ous,able,ary,ic,cal,less结尾的结尾的是大都是形容词；是大都是形容词；以以ly,s,ways,wise 结尾的大都是副词。结尾的大都是副词。词缀附表：词缀附表：1.名词后缀名词后缀 1)-or/er/ess/crat/cis:做某件事情或职业的人或做某件事情或职业的人或物：物：worker,debtor,actre

2、ss,democrat,2)-acy,表示表示性质，状态，境遇性质，状态，境遇 democracy,accuracy,diplomacy3)-ance,-ence表示表示性质，状况，行为，过程，性质，状况，行为，过程，总量，程度总量，程度”importance,diligence,difference,obedience4)-ancy,-ency,表示表示性质，状态，行为，过程性质，状态，行为，过程 frequency,urgency,efficiency,5)-bility,表示表示动作，性质，状态动作，性质，状态 possibility,flexibility,feasibility,6)

3、-dom,表示表示等级，领域，状态等级，领域，状态 freedom,kingdom,wisdom 7)-hood,表示表示“资格资格，身份，身份,年纪，年纪，状状态态”childhood,manhood,falsehood 8)-ion,-sion,-tion,-ation,-ition,表示表示“行为行为的过程，结果，的过程，结果，状况状况”action,solution,conclusion,destruction,expression,correction 9)-ism,表示表示制度，主义，学说，信仰，制度，主义，学说，信仰，行为行为 socialism,criticism,colloq

4、uialism,heroism10)-ity,表示表示性质，状态，程度性质，状态，程度”purity,reality,ability,calamity 11)-ment,表示表示行为，状态，过程，手行为，状态，过程，手段及其段及其结果结果”treatment,movement,judgment,punishment,argument12)-ness,表示表示性质，状态，程度性质，状态，程度 goodness,kindness,tiredness,friendliness13)-ship,表示表示情况，性质，技巧，技能情况，性质，技巧，技能及身份，职业及身份，职业”hardship,member

5、ship,friendship14)-th,表示表示动作，性质，过程，状态动作，性质，过程，状态 depth,wealth,truth,length,growth 15)-tude,表示表示“性质，状态，程度性质，状态，程度”latitude,altitude(海拔海拔)16)-ure,表示表示“行为，结果行为，结果”exposure,pressure,failure,procedure(手续手续)，17）-grapy,表示表示学，写法学，写法”biography,calligraphy,geography18)-ic,ics,表示表示学学法法 logic,mechanics,electron

6、ics,linguistics 19)-ology,表示表示学学论论”biology,zoology,technology(工艺学工艺学)20)-nomy,表示表示学学术术 astronomy,economy,bionomy(生态学生态学)2.形容词后缀形容词后缀(1)带有带有“属性，倾向，相关属性，倾向，相关”的含义的含义1)-able,-ible,visible,flexible2)名词名词-ish,foolish,bookish,selfish(注意注意accomplish,vanish)3)-ive,active,sensitive,productive4)-like,manlike,

7、childlike5)名词名词-ly,manly,fatherly,scholarly,motherly6)-some,troublesome,handsome7)-ful,beautiful,wonderful,helpful,truthful8)-ous,dangerous,generous,courageous,various9)-ent,violent10)-most,foremost,topmost11)less,表示否定，表示否定，countless,stainless,wireless3.动词后缀动词后缀1)-ize,ise,表示表示做成，变成，做成，变成，化化“moderniz

8、e,mechanize,democratize,organize2)-en,表示表示使成为，引起，使有使成为，引起，使有”quicken,weaken,soften,harden3)-fy,表示表示使使化化,使成使成”beautify,purify,intensify,signify,simplify4)-ish,表示表示使，令使，令”finish,abolish,diminish,establish5)-ate,表示表示“成为成为，处理，作用，处理，作用”separate,operate,indicate 4.副词后缀 1)(形容词形容词)-ly：badbadly坏地/恶劣地，careful

9、carefully小心地 2)-wise:clockclockwise(a./adv.)顺时针方向的(地)；likelikewise同样地 3)-wards：outoutwards向外面地，northnorthwards向北方地常用前缀常用前缀(1)表示“否定”dis-;i1-;in-;ir-;non-;un-;dis-like（喜欢）dislike（不喜欢）i1-（在字母1前）logical（含逻辑的）illogical（不含逻辑的）im-（在b,m,p前）mortal（终有一死的）immort（永生的）in-accuracy（准确）一inaccuracy（不准确）finitely（有限地）

10、infinitely（无限地）ir-（在字母r前）rational（合理地）irrational（不合理的）non-astronaut（宇航员）nonastronaut（非宇航员）religious（宗教的）一nonreligious（非宗教的）un-fold（折叠）一unfold（展开）(2)表示“非”，“相反”，“除去”，“减少”：de-nationalize（国有化）denationalize（非国有化）code（编码）decode（解码）(3)表示“共同”、“和一起，：con-centric（中心的）concentric（同中心的）join（参加）一conjoin（联合）(4)表示“互

11、相”：inter-act（作用）一interact（互相作用）connection（联系）interconnection（相互联系）(5)表示“假”，“伪”：pseudo-memory（记忆）一pseudomemory（记忆错误）science（科学）pseudoscience（伪科学）(6)表示“错误地”：mis-use（使用）misuse（错用）judge（判断）一misjudge（错误地判断）（7）表示“再次”：re-form（形成）reform（改革）place（放置）一replace（替换）(8)表示“超过”、“过度”：over-estimate（估计）overestimate（估计

12、过高）time（时间）overtime（超时的）(9)表示“不足”、“低于”：under-estimate（估计）underestimate（估计不足）pay（付钱）一underpay（付款不足）(10)表示“半”：semi-conductor（导体）semiconductor（半导体）final（决赛）semifinal（半决赛）(11)表示“多”：multi-pole（极）一multipole（多极）cylinder（汽缸）multicylinder（多缸）(12)表示“反抗，相反”:anti-war(战争)antiwar(反战的）pollution（污染）antipollution（抗污

13、染的）(13)表示“双，二”：bi-cultural（文化的）bicultural（二元文化的）(14)表示“一直，不断，越来越”：ever-ever-stronger（越来越强）(15)表示“之间的”：inter-continental（大陆的）intercontinental（大陆间的）act（表演）interact（互动）(16)表示“支持的”:pro-government（政府）pro-government（亲政府的）(17)表示“次，下一级的，不够的”：sub-subway（地铁）standard substandard（低标准的）(18)表示“远距离的”：tele-scope（眼界

14、，范围）telescope（望远镜）communition（联系）telecommunication（电信）(19)表示“从到，穿越”：trans-plant（栽培）transplant（移植）form（构成）transform（改变，转换）(20)表示“副的”：vice-chairman（主席）vice-chairman（副主席）minister（部长）vice-minister（副部长）猜测生单词的方法：1、A disease that can be spread from one person to another is said to be contagious.2、A facsimi

15、le is always an exact copy.3、A pentagon is a five-sided figure.4、She didnt fathom or understand,his behavior.5、A perambulators,or baby carriage,is very useful to mothers of young children.6、My opponents argument is fallacious,misleading.7、Mary was a very shy person who kept to herself,but her sister

16、 was gregarious.8、Although some woman are loquacious,others hardly talk at all.9、Rather than be involved in clandestine meeting,they did everything quite openly.10、Celestial bodies such as the sun,moon,and stars are always mysterious to human being.11、Cold beverages,like iced tea,fruit juice,and col

17、a are sold everywhere on a hot day.12、Doctors advice that everyone should exercise every day,particularly those who spend many hours doing sedentary work,for example reading,writing,typing,or sewing.13、The patient is so somnolent that he requires medicine to help him stay awake for more than a short

18、 time.14、Jim had a strong antipathy for eggs and absolutely refused to eat them.15、He was so parsimonious that he refused to give his own sons the few pennies they needed to buy pencils for school.It truly hurt him to part with his money.16、Boiling water evaporates quickly.17、Mike took two aspirins

19、to alleviate the pain in his head.18、Production of steel in the United States skyrocketed from 77,000 tons in 1870 to over 11,000,000 tons in 1900.Exercises:1.Those eggs are ready to hatch;there will be some baby birds in nest soon.2.Mark Twain was not the authors real name;it was a pseudonym.3.The

20、upper part of the leg is known as the thigh.4.Jim just hummed the tune of the song;he didnt sing the words.5.To boycott a store means to refuse to shop in the store.6.It looks as if the dispute will not be settled in the near future.The two countries will negotiate until each side is satisfied.7.Ani

21、mosity,a feeling of strong dislike,developed among the players,causing the team to break up.8.I felt the sentence given to the criminal was too lenient.Murders should be punished to death.9.In most cases,however,it is best to get out of the car and make necessary repairs quickly so that you can move

22、 away from your hazardous position.10.Sam does many things well:he grows crops,repairs tools,builds fences,and cares for animals.He is a real versatile farmer.11.I absolutely abhor seafood and refuse to eat it.12.His job was tenuous.He could be fired any day.13.The doctor noted that the patient was

23、corpulent and suggested that he lose his weight to overcome this problem.A.developing B.even C.trends D.explored E.developed F.just G.considerable H.consumes I.boast J.achieve K.considerate L.offersM.reduction N.boost O.efficiency Skip that third helping of roast beef,save the planet and do your hea

24、rt a favor at the same time.Thats the advice of Alan Dangour of the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine and colleagues who 1._ the livestock industrys potential to help the UK reduce its carbon emissions to half of 1990 levels by 2030,and the knock-on effect on the nations health.They fou

25、nd that the industry could reduce its emissions,but only if the livestock the UK produces,and the meat nation 2._,drops by 30%.Farms must also optimize their energy3._by,for example,capturing carbon in animal waste.The health pay-off would be 4._:18,000fewer people would die prematurely in the UK ea

26、ch year from heart attacks-a(n)5._of 17%-as they would eat less of the fats found in meat.The effect would not be limited to rich nations.The team found that Brazil could 6._the same health benefits.“Were not saying go vegetarian,were saying reduce how much livestock produce you consume,”says Dangou

27、r.The savings could be 7._higher if reduced death rates from cancer and obesity had been include,he adds.Agronomist Kenneth Cassman of the University of Nebraska warns that cutting production in one region can 8._ it elsewhere,causing a rise in global emissions.“reducing production of livestock products in a developed country like the UK does little to influence global 9._in production and consumption where most of the increase in demand between now and 2050 will come from 10._countries”.