初中英语中考定语从句知识总结（附中考英语写作九大高分功能性句式）.doc

1、初中英语定语从句知识总结一、概念定语从句就是从句充当定语成分，换言之，用句子修饰限定名词。一般我们用形容词修饰名词。例如：I like brilliant students.我喜欢聪明的学生。可以改写为定语从句：I like students who are brilliant.在表达复杂的意思的时候，形容词表达力度不够，从句便成为必要。I like students who study hard.我喜欢努力学习的学生。I like students who never give up.我喜欢从不放弃的学生。二、结构定语从句=先行词+关系词+从句作为从句，当然有对应的主句。先行词先行词就是被定

2、语从句修饰限定的成分，可能是一个名词，也可能是短语和句子。先行词是主句里的成分，主语或宾语。名词I like students who are brilliant.先行词是名词，主句的宾语。代词He who laughs last laughs best.笑到最后的才是赢家。先行词是代词，主句的主语。短语He likes climbing mountains, which makes him strong.他喜欢爬山，这种运动让他很强壮。先行词是短语，主句的宾语。句子I was very patient towards my daughter，which my wife seldom was.

3、我对自己的女儿很有耐心，我妻子却很少能做到。正确判定先行词的意义是：确定从句在修饰谁，这个很重要。关系词关系词连接主句和从句，分关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有 who, which, that, whose.关系副词有 when, where, why.所谓关系单词和关系副词的区别，从上图便可看出，关系代词在从句中充当成分，一般是主语或宾语，关系副词在句子中不充当成分。所以，关系代词和从句组成完整的句子，关系副词引导一个完整的从句。三、用法定语从句怎么用，取决于你想修饰谁，也就是先行词是什么。大多数情况下先行词和关系词是在一起，但是也有不在一起的情况，让判定先行词出现错误，导致错误理解。先行词

4、是人，用who或whom，The girl with whom you are talking is my girlfriend.和你正在交谈的女孩是我女朋友。先行词是物用whichThe world in which we live is full of love.我们所居住的这个世界充满了爱。先行词是人是物都可以用that。先行词的从属关系，用whose，The students whose wrong answers are the same must have cheated.错误答案一样的两个学生一定作弊了。先行词是时间，用when，I will never forget the d

5、ay when I met you for the first time.我永远不会忘记你我初见的那天。先行词是地点，用where，This is the place where the war broke out.这是战争爆发的地方。并不是先行词是时间地点就一定用when和where。如果指代的时间地点是从句的主语或宾语，还是要用that或whichThis is the place I told you about many times before.这就是我过去多次和你说起的地方。先行词表原因，用why，This is the reason why you failed.这就是你失败的原

6、因。初中英语写作九大高分功能性句式一、表明事实1.We cannot ignore the fact that .我们不能忽略这个事实2.No one can deny the fact that .没人能否认这个事实3.This is a phenomenon that many people are interested in.这是一个很多人都感兴趣的现象。4.be closely related to与息息相关二、采取措施1.We should take some effective measures.我们应该采取一些有效措施。2.We should try our best to ov

7、ercome/conquer the difficulties.我们应该尽最大努力去克服困难。3.We should do our utmost in doing sth.我们应该尽力去做4.We should solve the problems that we are confronted/faced with.我们应该解决我们面临的困难。三、给出原因1.The reason why+句子+is that+句子的原因是2.This phenomenon exists for a number of reasons.First, .Second, .Third, .这一现象存在很多原因。第一

8、。第二。第三。3.For one thing, .For another, .一方面，另一方面4.On the one hand, .On the other hand, .一方面，另一方面5.I quite agree with the statement that .The reasons are chiefly as follows.我十分赞同这一论述，即。其主要原因如下。四、论证类型1.From my point of view, it is more reasonable to support the first opinion rather than the second.在我看来

9、，支持第一种观点比第二种更有道理。2.I cannot entirely agree with the idea that .我无法完全同意这一观点3.As far as I am concerned/In my opinion, .就我来说4.I sincerely believe that .= I am greatly convinced (that) .我真诚地相信5.Finally, to speak frankly, there is also a more practical reason why .最后，坦率地说，还有另外一个实际的原因五、阐述观点1.Peoples views

10、 on .vary from person to person.Some hold that .However, others believe that .人们对的观点因人而异，有些人认为；然而其他人却认为2.People may have different opinions on .人们对可能会持有不同见解。3.Attitudes towards .vary from person to person.=Different people hold different attitudes towards .人们对待的态度因人而异。4.There are different opinions among people as to .对于人们的观点大不相同。3