高中英语语法虚拟语气公开课课件-共.ppt

1、虚拟语气【复习要点】1.掌握虚拟语气的基本用法；2.掌握含蓄虚拟条件句的用法；3.掌握错综时间虚拟句的用法；4.掌握名词性从句中的虚拟语气的用法；5.掌握wish/if only/would rather/as if/as though从句中的虚拟语气的用法。虚拟情况从句谓语主句谓语与现在事实相反过去式(be用作用作were)would/should/could/might do与过去事实相反had donewould/should/could/might have done与将来事实相反过去式/were to do/should dowould/should/could/might do考点

2、一虚拟语气在 if条件句中的用法exercises:If I _(start)a little earlier,i would have caughtthe train.If shehadnt beenso busy,she _(come).had startedwould have come在条件句中可省略if，把were，should或had提到句首，进行倒装。Ifyouhadcome earlier，you would have met her.Hadyou come earlier，you would have met her.如果你早点来，你就会见到她了。Ifhe should co

3、me tomorrow，I would give him the dictionary.Shouldhe come tomorrow，I would give him the dictionary.如果他明天来，我就把这本词典给他。考点二省略if的倒装句Exercise:If i were in your position,i would do the same._(be)I in your position,i would do the same.Were考点三错综时间虚拟句当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，这种虚拟条件句称为错综时间虚拟句。动词的形式要根据它所表

4、示的时间作出相应的调整。例如：If youhad takenthe doctors advice，you would bebetter now.如果你过去听从了医生的建议，你现在就会好多了。Exercise:If you_(study)hard before，youwould be a college student now.had studied考点四含蓄条件句有时假设的情况并不以条件句表示出来，而是暗含在上下文中，比如通过with，without，but for，otherwise，or等词或短语来表示。例如：Without your helpwe couldnt have finishe

5、d the work in time.(If we hadnt got your help)没有你的帮助我们不能及时完成这项工作。I was so busy then.Otherwise，I would have told him the answer.(If I had not been so busy then)那时我太忙了。否则我会告诉他答案的。Exercise:The driver was really careless,otherwise the traffic accident _.A.didnt happenB.hadnt happenedC.wouldnt happenD.wo

6、uldnt have happenedD考点五名词性从句中的虚拟语气1用于表示建议、愿望、命令等动词后的宾语从句中宾语从句中的虚拟语气结构为宾语从句中的虚拟语气结构为should动词原形，should可以省略。e.g.Her mother suggested that she(should)go and seethe doctor.她妈妈建议她去看医生。【特别提醒】【特别提醒】suggest表“暗示”，insist表“坚持说”时不用虚拟语气。时不用虚拟语气。试比较：?He suggestedthat we(should)stayfor dinner.他建议我们留下吃饭。?The smile o

7、n his face suggestedthat he was satisfied with our work.他脸上的微笑表明他对我们的工作很满意。?Heinsistedthat I(should)readhis letter.他坚持要我看他的信。?The man insistedthat he had never stolen the money.那个人坚持说 他没有偷钱。2用于主语从句中常见句型：It is important/necessary/possible/strange/.+that.It is sbs order/desire/suggestion/advice/.+that

8、.It is suggested/advised/demanded/requested/.+that从句谓语形式：（should+）动词原形e.g.?It is necessary thatwe(should)cleanthe room every day.我们每天打扫房间是有必要的。?It is suggested thatthe meeting(should)be put off till next week.人们建议会议推迟到下周。3用于表语从句和同位语从句中在suggestion，proposal，order，plan，idea，request，advice等名词后的表语从句和同位语从

9、句中要用虚拟语气，其构成是should动词原形，should可以省略。e.g.?His demand isthat the boy should go with him.他要求这个男孩和他一起去。?He gave ordersthat the guests(should)be friendly entertained.短文改错:Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby.【答案】删除can或can改为should 从句谓语向前推一个时态,即表示愿望与“现在事实相反”，从句用一般过去时表示愿望与“过去事实相反”，从

10、句用过去完成时；表示将来愿望实现的可能性很小，从句常用could/would+动词原形。I wish I could flylike a bird.我希望能像鸟儿一样飞翔。I failed in the exam.I really wish I had knownthe answers.我考试没及格。我真希望当时我知道答案。考点六wish宾语从句中的虚拟语气Exercise:I wish I _(meet)that film star yesterday.had met考点七其他句型中的虚拟语气1would rather后的宾语从句中，意为宁愿；但愿表示愿望，谓语多向前推一个时态 表示愿望。表

11、示与现在或将来事实相反,用一般过去时；表示与过去事实相反用过去完成时。?I would rather hehad passedthe exam.我宁愿他通过了那次考试。2在It is(about/high)timethat从句中，谓语动词常用过去式或should动词原形表示虚拟语气，注意should不可省略。?Its high time that weshould go/went home.3as if，as though引导的表语从句和方式状语从句中，引导的表语从句和方式状语从句中，谓语多向前推一个时态谓语多向前推一个时态，常用虚拟语气，与现在事实相反用一般过去时；与过去事实相反用过去完成时。?She speaks English as if/as though she were a native of New York.4if only引导的感叹句中，谓语多向前推一个时态引导的感叹句中，谓语多向前推一个时态，用虚拟语气表示愿望。?Look at the trouble were in.If only we had taken our teachers advice！看看我们所处的困境，要是我们接受老师的建议就好了！