高中英语必修一(牛津译林版)教学同步：M1U1grammar+课件.ppt

1、Unit1 School LifeGrammar Usage-Grammar Usage-Attributive Attributive ClauseClause (定语从句)Harry PotterHarry Potter is a boy with glasses.Harry Potter is a brave boy.Attributive 定语定语(to modify a noun(to modify a noun 修饰名词修饰名词)AdjectivePrepositional phraseHarry Potter is a brave boy.He wears glasses.who

2、Spider ManSpider man is a hero.Spider man saves peoples lives.Spider man is a hero.He saves peoples lives.who+=Attributive clause 定语从句定语从句Who are you?Who are you?Who are you?Who are you?One day,Spider man met Harry Potter.He asked Harry a lot of questions.I am a magician(魔法师魔法师).A magician can enter

3、tain(取取悦悦)people by doing magic tricks.+=I am a magician.I can entertain people by doing magic tricks.whoWhat is in your hand?What is in your hand?What is in your hand?What is in your hand?One day,Spider man met Harry Potter.He asked Harry a lot of questions.I am holding a magic wand.A magic wand ca

4、n help me perform tricks.+=I am holding a magic wand.It can help me perform tricks.which/thatWhere do you live?Where do you live?Where do you live?Where do you live?One day,Spider man met Harry Potter.He asked Harry a lot of questions.I live in Hogwarts School(霍霍格沃兹魔法学校格沃兹魔法学校).In Hogwarts School I

5、study magic tricks and learn to be a skillful magician.+=I live in Hogwarts School.In it I study magic tricks and learn to be a skillful magician.whereWhen were you born?When were you born?When were you born?One day,Spider man met Harry Potter.He asked Harry a lot of questions.When were you born?It

6、was July 31st 1980.On July 31st 1980,I came to this world as a new life.+=It was July 31st1980.On this day I came to this world as a new life.when1.A magician is a person who entertains people with magic tricks.2.A magic wand is a rod(棍子棍子)that/which can help magicians perform tricks.3.Hogwarts Scho

7、ol is a place where students can study magic and learn to be a good person.4.31st July 1980 was the day when Harry Potter was born.antecedent 先行词先行词relative pronoun 关系代词关系代词relative adverb关系副词关系副词antecedent 先行词先行词Practice Tips:Tips:1.1.确定主句，找相同成分确定主句，找相同成分 2.2.把从句放到主句先行词之后把从句放到主句先行词之后 3.3.删掉从句中相同成分，

8、并在删掉从句中相同成分，并在从句中加上关系词从句中加上关系词1.定义：定义：又称形容词性从句，在复合句中修又称形容词性从句，在复合句中修饰名词或代词，起定语作用。饰名词或代词，起定语作用。2.先行词：先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。3.关系代词关系代词关系副词：关系副词：引导定语从句的词。引导定语从句的词。关系代词关系代词关系副词关系副词which,that,who,whom,whose等等where,why,when在定语从句中作主语、宾语、定在定语从句中作主语、宾语、定语和表语语和表语在定语从句中作状在定语从句中作状语语Relative pronounsRe

9、lative adverbsRead the article on P9 and underline the attributive clauses in it.课本练习课本练习Paragraph 1：1.David was one of the most helpful students that we ever had.The antecedent:The relative pronoun:Function:2.In 2004,he went to Oxford University where he became interested in Chinese culture.The ant

10、ecedent:The relative adverb:Function:one ofone of the most helpful studentsthe most helpful studentsthatthatas the object in the clauseas the object in the clauseOxford UniversityOxford Universityas the adverbial(as the adverbial(状语状语)in the clause)in the clausewherewhereParagraph 2:3.Some of the ci

11、ties in China which he likes most are Beijing,Shanghai,Harbin and Nanjing.4.Most of the students whom he taught have become his friends.(The antecedent:some of the cities the relative pronoun:which,used as the object in the clause)(The antecedent:most of the students the relative pronoun:whom,used a

12、s the object in the clause)Paragraph 3：5.Some of the books were gifts that he got from his Chinese friends and students.(The antecedent:gifts the relative pronoun:that,used as the object in the clause)6.The paintings that David donated to the school are being shown in the exhibition room.(The antece

13、dent:the paintings the relative pronoun:that,used as the object in the clause)People 人 Things 物关系代词的用法关系代词的用法Usage of relative pronounsUsage of relative pronounsWhoWhoWhom Whom WhoseWhosethatthatWhichWhichThatThatwhosewhose1.which指物，指物，在定语从句中做在定语从句中做1)Football is a game which is liked by most boys.2

14、)He likes to read books which are written by foreign writers.3)This is the pen(which)he bought yesterday.4)The film(which)they went to see last night was not interesting at all.主语主语/宾语宾语（可（可省略）省略）2.that指人时，相当于指人时，相当于who或或whom；指；指 物时，相当于物时，相当于which。在定语从句中作。在定语从句中作1)Where is the man(that/whom)I saw th

15、is morning?2)The person(that/whom)you introduced to me is very kind.3)The season that/which comes after spring is summer.4)Yesterday I received a letter that/which came from Australia./主语主语宾语宾语(可以省略可以省略)3.who指人，指人，The boys who are playing football are from Class One.A person who steals things is cal

16、led a thief.4.whom指人，指人，The man(whom/who)I talked to is Mr.Li.The man to whom I talked is Mr.Li.作主语或宾语作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略）作宾语可省略）作宾语作宾语 (作宾语可省略，如作宾语可省略，如 介词提前则不能省介词提前则不能省)5.whose 在定语从句中作定语，与后面的名在定语从句中作定语，与后面的名 词为所属关系。词为所属关系。whose多指人，也可指多指人，也可指 物，指物时可与物，指物时可与 of which互换使用。互换使用。1)He has a friend whose fath

17、er is a doctor.2)The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.=The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.3)Do you like the book whose cover is yellow?=Do you like the book the cover of which is yellow?指代内容指代内容所做成分所做成分是否可省略是否可省略thatwhichwhowhomwhose关系代词的用法关系代词的用法Usag

18、e of relative pronounsUsage of relative pronouns人；物人；物物物人人人人(人人/物物)的的主语主语,宾语宾语主语主语,宾语宾语主语主语,宾语宾语宾语宾语定语定语作宾语可省作宾语可省作宾语可省作宾语可省作宾语可省作宾语可省可省可省不可省不可省I like the baby who/that/whosegnaw(咬咬,啃啃)his fingersgrovel(趴趴)on the groundWhich baby do you like best?Which is your favorite monkey?Complete the following

19、article(Page 11)about high schools in the USA using who,whom,which or whose.课本练习课本练习 There are several differences between high schools in the USA and high schools in China.For one thing,students _ study in the USA are in class only about twenty hours per week.The rest of the time _ they spend at sc

20、hool is used for independent study.With so much free time,students _ do not make good use of their time may not pass their exams.Students _ the teachers fail maywhowhichwhowhom/who have to take the classes again.For another thing,many courses are classes _the students can study just for fun,but _the

21、y do not have to take.Finally,students can often choose their classes and class times.Some courses are required,but the students can still decide the teacher _ class they wish to take.They can choose to take the class of a teacher _ they like or respect.whichwhichwhose whom/whothat和和which在指物的情况下一般都在

22、指物的情况下一般都可以互换，但在下列情况下，一般用可以互换，但在下列情况下，一般用that而不用而不用which。(1)限制性定语从句中先行词为限制性定语从句中先行词为all,everything,anything,nothing,none,few,little,some等不定代词指物时。等不定代词指物时。(something用用that或或which均可均可)Have you taken down everything that Mr.Li said?There seems to be nothing that is impossible to him in the world.(2)先行词

23、被先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much,the only,the very,the last,just,right等修饰。等修饰。Ive read all the books that are not mine.This is the very book that belongs to him.(3)(3)当先行词既有人又有物。当先行词既有人又有物。They talked about the persons and They talked about the persons and things things thatthat they remembere

24、d at they remembered at schoolschool.Look at the man and his donkey Look at the man and his donkey thatthat are walking up the street are walking up the street.(4)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰。先行词被序数词或最高级修饰。This is the first book(that)he has read.This is the best film(that)I have ever seen.This is the first time(th

25、at)I am in Beijing.(5)There be(5)There be 句型中用句型中用thatthat。ThereThere isis a a bookbook onon thethe desdesk k thatthat belongsbelongs toto TomTom.(6)先行词是先行词是who或或which引导的主句。引导的主句。Who is the girl that drove the car?Who that broke the window will be punished?Which is the T-shirt that fits me most?Who

26、is the man that is reading the newspaper over there?Time for reflection1.Think about the function of attributive clauses.2.Tell the usage of that,which,who,whom,and whose.3.Tell the differences between“that”and “which”.I refuse to accept the blame for something_ was someone elses fault.(2010全国全国)A.w

27、ho B.that C.as D.whatQuiz I:Multiple choice.1.Women _ drink more than Women _ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart greater chance of having heart disease than those _ dondisease than those _ dont.t.A.who;A.who;不填不填 B.who;B.who

28、;不填不填 C.who;who C.who;who D.D.不填不填;不填不填3.4.He was the one _ I met at the school library.A.which B.whose C.where D.that5.The old temple _ roof was damaged in storm is now under repair.(2010陕西陕西)A.where B.which C.its D.whose6.Children who are not active or _ diet is high in fat will gain weight quickl

29、y.(2010北京北京)A.what B.whose C.which D.that7.Ive become good friends with several of the students in my school _ I met in the English speech last year.(2010湖南湖南)A.who B.where C.when D.which8.Thats the new machine _ parts are too small to be seen.(2010山东山东)A.that B.which C.whose D.whatHomework Try to w

30、rite a short Try to write a short passage about a star that passage about a star that you are fond ofyou are fond ofsample 合并两个简单句为一个定语从句 Tips:1.确定主句，找相同成分 2.把从句放在Quiz II:Translation.1.昨天我看的那部电影非常令人感动。昨天我看的那部电影非常令人感动。2.他丢失了他父亲给他的那块手表。他丢失了他父亲给他的那块手表。3.刚才跟你讲话的那个人是我们的校长。刚才跟你讲话的那个人是我们的校长。The film that I

31、 saw yesterday is very moving.He lost the watch that/which his father gave him.The man who talked with you just now is our principal.4.我捡到的那本书是小王丢失的。我捡到的那本书是小王丢失的。5.我们最需要的东西是时间。我们最需要的东西是时间。6.我最喜欢的学科是英语。我最喜欢的学科是英语。The book which/that I picked up is the one that Xiao Wang lost.The thing that we need b

32、adly is time.The subject that/which I like best is English.7.站在学校门口的那个人是我们的老师。站在学校门口的那个人是我们的老师。8.你知道那个马尾辫你知道那个马尾辫(ponytail)长长的女长长的女 孩吗？孩吗？9.我永远忘不了那位教授上星期给我们我永远忘不了那位教授上星期给我们 做的讲座。做的讲座。The man who is standing at the school gate is our teacher.Do you know the girl whose ponytail is long?I will never fo

33、rget the lecture that the professor gave us last week.10.我丢了那本红封面的书。我丢了那本红封面的书。I lost the book _.11.你能告诉我你们上星期参观的工厂的你能告诉我你们上星期参观的工厂的 名字吗？名字吗？Can you tell me the name of the factory _?12.他就是我正在找的人。他就是我正在找的人。He is the man _ _.whose cover is red(which/that)you visited last week(who/whom/that)I am looki

34、ng for13.我昨天收到的信是我姑妈寄来的。我昨天收到的信是我姑妈寄来的。The letter _ _ was from my aunt.14.在接下来的年月里，他们拼命工作。在接下来的年月里，他们拼命工作。During the years _,they worked very hard.15.那个名叫彼得的男孩是我们的班长。那个名叫彼得的男孩是我们的班长。The boy _ _ is our monitor.(which/that)I receivedthat followedwhose name is Peter/who is named PeteryesterdayTo preview Task on Page 12 about reporting school activities:Skills building 1:understanding a programmeSkills building 2:comparing informationSkills building 3:writing a notice Review the grammar.Do the exercise B on Page 11.