北京市东城区2022-2023高二上学期期末英语试卷+答案.pdf

1、试卷第 1 页，共 11 页 东城区东城区 20222023 学年度第一学期期末统一检测学年度第一学期期末统一检测 高二英语高二英语 本试卷共本试卷共 10 页，共页，共 100 分。考试时长分。考试时长 90 分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分第一部分 知识运用知识运用(共三节，共共三节，共 42 分分)第一节第一节(共共 10 小题小题;每小题每小题 1.5 分，共分，共 15 分分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的阅读下面短文，掌

2、握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。At Lucky Candy,a small neighborhood store,customers are in for a lucky treat.Ahmed Alwan,a cashier of the store,invented a game thats since gone viral:if _1_ correctly answer his math questions,they are able to grab as many items

3、as possible in five secondsall for _2_.Alwan came up with the idea to primarily _3_“low-income community members”and he himself ends up paying for whatever the winners collect.For Alwan,23,joy is essential as breakfastbut regulars at his familys corner store sometimes _4_ both.“This neighborhood has

4、 a lot of poor people,”he says.“Theyve known me since I was a little kid.I know most of them by name.I see peoplesome of whom are _5_ customerssleeping on the train.I used to give them buttered rolls,coffee and bananas in the morning to _6_ their days.”A fan of math throughout high school and colleg

5、e,Alwan thought of the way to combine his love of entertaining and altruism(利他主义)into the game to go on helping people and keep their _7_ skills sharp too.So how does all the gift _8_ and problem solving affect the stores profits?Alwan said it hasnt affected the family business negatively.“Its out o

6、f my own _9_,”he said.He recently launched a GoFundMe page on the Internet to raise funds for the game as well.If the equation(方程式)for happiness equals kindness plus _10_,Alwan has already solved it.1Ashoppers Bcashiers Cowners Dwitnesses 2Afun Bgood Cfree Dlove 试卷第 2 页，共 11 页 3Achoose Bhelp Ceducat

7、e Dgather 4Ainsist on Blive off Cadjust to Dstruggle for 5Apotential Bclose Cextraordinary Ddomestic 6Aclarify Bguide Cevaluate Dbrighten 7Atrading Bverbal Cmath Dreading 8Aexchanging Bmaking Cdesigning Dgiving 9Apocket Bneed Ccontrol Dhead 10Amodesty Bgenerosity Chonesty Dbravery 第二节第二节(共共 10 小题小题;

8、每小题每小题 1.5 分，共分，共 15 分分)A 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Charlie Chaplin is a household name around the world.He _11_(regard)as one of the best comedy actors.People of all ages can be made laugh heartily by his performances.In my opinion,the _12_(funny)thing of all a

9、bout Charlie Chaplin was the way he walked when he was acting as the Tramp,_13_ is a poor man with a kind heart and often has unexpected adventures _14_(involve)the police.The Tramp is a symbol of the silent cinema.B 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Last Saturday,I wen

10、t to the school sports field to watch the final of the 4100-metre relay at our annual sports tournament._15_ the race,everyone was quiet and still.When the runners set off,everyone went wild!We all stood up and started shouting.It was like being hit by a huge wave of _16_(excite).The race was all ov

11、er in just one minute.When the first runner _17_(cross)the finish line,everyone was on their feet,cheering.C 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个恰当的单词，在给出试卷第 3 页，共 11 页 提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Yuan Longping was born in 1930 in Beijing.His parents wanted him to pursue a career in science or medicine.Howev

12、er,_18_ concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvest and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat.Yuan Longping overcame enormous technical difficulties to develop the first hybrid rice for farming in 1974.Today,it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consump

13、tion in China is comprised of crops _19_(generate)from Yuans hybrid strains.Yuans innovation _20_(help)feed not just China,but many other countries that depend on rice as well,such as India and Vietnam.第三节第三节(共共 4 小题小题;每小题每小题 3 分，共分，共 12 分分)根据中文意思和括号内所给的提示词，翻译下面句子。请在答题卡指定区域作根据中文意思和括号内所给的提示词，翻译下面句子。请

14、在答题卡指定区域作答。答。21这是一个奇妙无比的、对每个人都有吸引力的主题公园。(appeal to)This is an incredible theme park _.22“一个成功课堂的关键是让学生参与进来。”那位教授说。(be crucial to.)“_ a successful classroom is to involve students,”the professor said.23刚才我打电话给史密斯先生，感谢他劝说我儿子改掉那个坏习惯。(persuade,quit)Just now I made a call to thank Mr.Smith for _.24微笑可以打破

15、隔阂是一个普遍真理。(break down barriers)It is a universal truth _.第二部分第二部分 阅读理解阅读理解(共两节，共共两节，共 28 分分)第一节第一节(共共 9 小题小题;每小题每小题 2 分，共分，共 18 分分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。答题卡上将该项涂黑。A Accommodation is available for Alt University students in a number of dorms(宿舍)for

16、 girls and boys as separated.These dorms are located in Matbey campus and are designed to provide a clean,comfortable,secure and civilized environment for the students.FEE STRUCTURE 试卷第 4 页，共 11 页 Room Type Annual Rate(9 months)Per Semester Description Single Room$3,750$1,875 Front view(14 m2)Single

17、 Room$3,550$1,775 Front view(10 m2)Single Room$3,450$1,725 Back view(14 m2)Triple Room$2,250$1,125 Back view(30 m2)Quadruple Room$2,450$1,225 Front view(32 m2)Quadruple Room$2,100$1,050 Back view(30 m2)Room fee includes accommodation,electricity,heating and water,WiFi,cleaning services and laundry.R

18、oom charges and meal plans are for 9 months(one academic year)or 1 semester during the study period at the university.Once students register for the dorm or meal plan,it cannot be refunded(退款)in case of canceling the stay or the meal service.FACILITIES Meal Plan:Students can choose a meal plan inclu

19、ding three courses in a day during their stay.For one semester it costs$810,for two semesters$1620.Cleaning Service:The cleaning of dorm rooms and common spaces is provided by professional cleaners.Cooking:Residents can either dine at the in-house restaurant or cook their own meals at the common kit

20、chen area.Leisure Time Activities and Relaxation:Music room and gym are available for the use of students,free of charge.Safety:Alt University Dormitory offers students a safe accommodation with its 24/7 security and 24/7 available staff.HOW TO APPLY?Students can prefer to stay at the dormitory for

21、the first semester only or two semesters both 试卷第 5 页，共 11 页(the whole academic year).In order to make a room reservation,you should fill in the online application form.Due to limited space,applications will be processed on a first-come first-served basis.Overseas students,students living in distanc

22、e in the city and students with handicap will be given priority over the others.25Xie Lei is going to spend$1,200$1,400 on accommodation for the first semester in Alt University,what room type can she apply for?AQuadruple Room with front view.BQuadruple Room with back view.CSingle Room with front vi

23、ew.DTriple Room with back view.26Students living in the dorm can _.Ause the gym at a lower price Benjoy free heating and water Ccook meals in a particular area Dstop the meal plan anytime and get the money back 27What may help a student successfully apply for a dorm?AApplying for accommodation for t

24、he whole academic year.BSending the application form as early as possible.CApplying for a dorm in a distant campus.DVolunteering for the dorm cleaning job.B Samantha Cristoforetti.2022/10/12 仰观宇宙之大，俯察品类之盛，所以游目骋怀，足以极视听之娱，信可乐也。Looking up,I see the immensity of the cosmos;bowing my head,I look at the m

25、ultitude of the world.The gaze flies,the heart expands,the joy of the senses can reach its peak,&indeed,this is true happiness.试卷第 6 页，共 11 页 ESA 及另外 4 人 Besides wow”and“great”,what else would you say when flying over the Earth in space?Samantha Cristoforetti,an Italian female astronaut,posted sever

26、al lines of a famous ancient Chinese composition on Twitter during her mission at the International Space Station to share her joy.She first wrote in Chinese,and then attached an accurate translation of the lines in both Italian and English to help more people understand.The text she quoted is from

27、the Preface to Poems Composed at the Orchid Pavilion,a Chinese calligraphy masterpiece by Wang Xizhi of the Eastern Jin Dynasty.She also attached three photos taken in space of Chinas Bohai Bay and the day-night view of Beijing.The beauty of space and Chinese literature resonated on Cristoforettis T

28、witter account.Her post went viral on Twitter with thousands of retweets,likes and replies in a few hours.“Her quotation of the lines shows that she observed the universe with the vision of Chinese civilization while observing China from space,”one user comments.“A European astronaut in space recite

29、s Chinese ancient poetry,how romantic,”says another.Cristoforetti has been highly praised for her Chinese language skills.The Italian speaks half a dozen languages and has previously taken part in joint training between the European Space Agency(ESA)and the China Manned Space Agency.Apart from Crist

30、oforetti,Matthias Maurer,a German astronaut from ESA who went to China together with Cristoforetti for the joint training,can also speak fluent Chinese.Since China and Europe have had friendly cooperation in the field of manned space flight,many foreign astronauts have shown great interest in learni

31、ng Chinese.ESA Director General Josef Aschbacher is positive about the unifying spirit of space exploration.He said,“Space is international.There is no way to put a boundary in spacebecause the space station and the satellites fly around the earth,cross boundaries,cross cultures,cross religions and

32、different divides in terms of philosophy and history.”试卷第 7 页，共 11 页 While there may be many problems between nations here on Earth,in space,cooperation is strong.28What made Cristoforetti post the message on the Internet?AThe desire to show off her Chinese.BThe amazement at the view of the space.CT

33、he wish to work with Chinese astronauts.DThe duty of popularizing space knowledge.29What is the main idea of Paragraph 3?ACristoforetti spread Chinese civilization on her Twitter account.BCristoforettis success in learning Chinese encouraged others.CCristoforettis post became a hit on the Internet.D

34、Cristoforetti is a genius at learning languages.30What can we learn from the passage?ASpace exploration settles differences between nations.BThe longing for solving problems on Earth is universal.CMastering more than one language is a trend among astronauts.DCooperation in the space field bridges th

35、e gap between cultures.C Lighting has come a long way since Tom Edison lit his first incandescent bulb(白炽灯泡)in the 1880s.LED bulbs are popping up everywhere now,on planes,car headlights,in your phone.And engineers are exploring more ways to use LEDseverything from wireless data streaming to secure c

36、ommunication systems and in-flight networking.Engineer Harald Haas,co-founder of pureLiFi,explains how LEDs can be used to transmit information,“LEDs have the property that we can change the light that comes out of an LED very,very quickly.That change in the brightness is what we exploit in order to

37、 encode data extremely fast,so that a receiver will then see these changes in the light intensity in a way a human eye would not be able to detect.Then we have algorithms(算法)to recover these changes and get back the data stream.”There are many advantages to using LEDs to transmit information.For one

38、 thing,LEDs can 试卷第 8 页，共 11 页 communicate much faster than WiFi.Whats more,the visible light spectrum(频谱)is about ten thousand times larger than the radio spectrum.This would allow communication systems to not only use a spectrum thats already been set up,but vast amount of free spectrum,which is i

39、n cars,in our LED lights at home,in streetlights and so on.“Its ubiquitous.Its already there,”Haas says.LiFi would also be more secure than WiFi.Because light cant go through walls,people would not be able to log on to LiFi networks in the same way that theyre able to log on to and eavesdrop on(窃听)o

40、ngoing WiFi communications.Haas argues that LiFi would also be available in places where communication is typically difficult when we cant use radio.One interesting application could be to use car headlights to communicate with other drivers on the road.“We can use these LEDs to transmit data from c

41、ar to car.Normally you see the car in front of you,but if you were able to relay high-definition video from,say,three cars in front of you,you could see earlier whats happening.This is a way we can enhance safety on our roads,”Haas says.Haas and his coworkers foresee the LED light industry changing

42、rapidly in the near future to include additional features.“That is where LiFi plays a key role.From home sensing of interior,youd find out if people have fallen down and the way you would navigate(导航)indoors.So many,many more applications would be possible with light,”Haas says.31What is essential t

43、o enable LEDs to send signals?AThe research work by pureLiFi.BQuickly changing light of LEDs.CCommon use of LEDs in daily life.DAccurate analysis of light intensity.32What does the sentence“Its ubiquitous.”in Paragraph 3 probably mean?ALiFis speed is superfast.BLED lights are free to use.CLEDs are s

44、table in quality.DAvailable spectrum is everywhere.33Haas mentions the examples in the last two paragraphs mainly to indicate LiFis _.Aadvantage in security Bmature application Cpromising prospect Drapid upgrades 第二节第二节(共共 5 小题小题;每小题每小题 2 分，共分，共 10 分分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答根据短文内容，从短文后的七个

45、选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答试卷第 9 页，共 11 页 题卡上将该项涂黑。选题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。项中有两项为多余选项。The Power in Accepting Your Errors It pays to be kind to yourself.A new study shows that being compassionate(同情的)with yourself when you make mistakes can reduce depression.It is generally good to hold yourself to high stand

46、ards and strive to do your best.But sometimes people have unrealistic views of what they should achieve._34_ Then when they make a mistake,they may be too unforgiving of that error.It is an unhealthy form of perfectionism.This is when a person views anything imperfect as unacceptable._35_ However,se

47、lf-compassion can help protect people from such negative impacts,a new study finds._36_“Its often easy to say kind and supportive things to our friends when things go wrong for them,”says Madeleine Ferrari.Shes a psychologist at Australian Catholic University in Sydney.“If we can say these things to

48、 ourselves,we will still reach our goals but will have better mental health,”she says._37_ Ferraris team wanted to see if self-compassion might weaken that link.The researchers surveyed 541 teenagers and 515 adults.They asked these people to fill out a set of three questionnaires and asked the parti

49、cipants to rate their levels of perfectionism,depression and self-compassion.In both groups,people who were kinder to themselves were less likely to experience sadness and depression,the researchers found._38_ And that could be especially true for perfectionists.AThey set standards that are too high

50、.BEven the most intelligent and productive people make mistakes.CThis is a good example of improving and changing based on a mistake.DSelf-compassion is treating yourself the way you would treat a good friend.ESuch feelings can increase stress and lead to symptoms(症状)of depression.FSo learning self-