春季呼吸道传染病预防知识中学班会课件.pptx

1、The guiding ideology should be guided by Deng Xiaopings theory,the important thought of three represents and the spirit of the 16th CPC National Congress and the third Plenary session of the 16th CPC Central Committee.春季呼吸道传染病科普科普 控制控制 防范防范初一六班主题班会The guiding ideology should be guided by Deng Xiaopi

2、ngs theory,the important thought of three represents and the spirit of the 16th CPC National Congress and the third Plenary session of the 16th CPC Central Committee.阳春三月，天地俱生，万物以荣。这些疾病也进入高发期，！The guiding ideology should be guided by Deng Xiaopings theory,the important thought of three represents an

3、d the spirit of the 16th CPC National Congress and the third Plenary session of the 16th CPC Central Committee.春季呼吸道传染病 春季是气候转暖、万物复苏的季节，如麻疹、流感、水痘、腮腺炎等。临沂兰山区疾控中心提醒大家，呼吸道传染病是一类的传染病，学校、超市等人群聚集的场所更易发生疾病的暴发和流行，The guiding ideology should be guided by Deng Xiaopings theory,the important thought of three r

4、epresents and the spirit of the 16th CPC National Congress and the third Plenary session of the 16th CPC Central Committee.科普预防1、什么是呼吸道传染病？呼吸道传染病是指病原体从人体的鼻腔、咽喉、气管和支气管等呼吸道感染侵入而引起的有传染性的疾病。2、常见的呼吸道传染病有哪些？常见有流行性感冒、麻疹、水痘、风疹、流脑、流行性腮腺炎、肺结核等。3、什么情况下容易患呼吸道传染病？春季是呼吸道传染病的高发期，天气骤变的情况下也易发病。儿童、老年人、体弱者、营养不良或慢性疾病患者

5、、过度劳累者、精神高度紧张者等人群容易患呼吸道传染病。The guiding ideology should be guided by Deng Xiaopings theory,the important thought of three represents and the spirit of the 16th CPC National Congress and the third Plenary session of the 16th CPC Central Committee.4、常见呼吸道传染病有哪些症状？The guiding ideology should be guided b

6、y Deng Xiaopings theory,the important thought of three represents and the spirit of the 16th CPC National Congress and the third Plenary session of the 16th CPC Central Committee.流感 流行性感冒（简称流感）是流感病毒引起的急性呼吸道感染，也是一种传染性强、传播速度快的疾病。其主要通过空气中的飞沫、人与人之间的接触或与被污染物品的接触传播。典型的临床症状是：急起高热、全身疼痛、显著乏力和轻度呼吸道症状。一般秋冬季节是其

7、高发期，所引起的并发症和死亡现象非常严重。该病是由流感病毒引起，可分为甲（A）、乙（B）、丙（C）三型，甲型病毒经常发生抗原变异，传染性大，传播迅速，极易发生大范围流行。甲型H1N1也就是甲型一种。本病具有自限性，但在婴幼儿、老年人和存在心肺基础疾病的患者容易并发肺炎等严重并发症而导致死亡。The guiding ideology should be guided by Deng Xiaopings theory,the important thought of three represents and the spirit of the 16th CPC National Congress

8、and the third Plenary session of the 16th CPC Central Committee.The guiding ideology should be guided by Deng Xiaopings theory,the important thought of three represents and the spirit of the 16th CPC National Congress and the third Plenary session of the 16th CPC Central Committee.The guiding ideolo

9、gy should be guided by Deng Xiaopings theory,the important thought of three represents and the spirit of the 16th CPC National Congress and the third Plenary session of the 16th CPC Central Committee.The guiding ideology should be guided by Deng Xiaopings theory,the important thought of three repres

10、ents and the spirit of the 16th CPC National Congress and the third Plenary session of the 16th CPC Central Committee.水痘 水痘（varicella，chickenpox）是由水痘-带状疱疹病毒初次感染引起的急性传染病。主要发生在婴幼儿和学龄前儿童，成人发病症状比儿童更严重。以发热及皮肤和黏膜成批出现周身性红色斑丘疹、疱疹、痂疹为特征，皮疹呈向心性分布，主要发生在胸、腹、背，四肢很少。冬春两季多发，其传染力强，水痘患者是惟一的传染源，自发病前12天直至皮疹干燥结痂期均有传染性，

11、接触或飞沫吸入均可传染，易感儿发病率可达95%以上。该病为自限性疾病，一般不留瘢痕，如合并细菌感染会留瘢痕，病后可获得终身免疫，有时病毒以静止状态存留于神经节，多年后感染复发而出现带状疱疹。The guiding ideology should be guided by Deng Xiaopings theory,the important thought of three represents and the spirit of the 16th CPC National Congress and the third Plenary session of the 16th CPC Centr

12、al Committee.The guiding ideology should be guided by Deng Xiaopings theory,the important thought of three represents and the spirit of the 16th CPC National Congress and the third Plenary session of the 16th CPC Central Committee.流行性脑脊髓膜炎 流行性脑脊髓膜炎简称流脑，是由脑膜炎双球菌引起的化脓性脑膜炎。致病菌由鼻咽部侵入血循环，形成败血症，最后局限于脑膜及脊髓

13、膜，形成化脓性脑脊髓膜病变。主要临床表现有发热，头痛、呕吐、皮肤瘀点及颈项强直等脑膜刺激征，脑脊液呈化脓性改变。The guiding ideology should be guided by Deng Xiaopings theory,the important thought of three represents and the spirit of the 16th CPC National Congress and the third Plenary session of the 16th CPC Central Committee.流行性腮腺炎 流行性腮腺炎简称流腮，俗称痄腮。四季均

14、有流行，以冬、春季常见。是儿童和青少年期常见的呼吸道传染病。它是由腮腺炎病毒引起的急性、全身性感染，以腮腺肿痛为主要特征，有时亦可累及其他唾液腺。常见的幷发症为病毒脑炎、胰腺炎。腮腺炎病毒属副黏液病毒科。病人是传染源，通过直接接触、飞沫、唾液的吸入为主要传播途径。接触病人后23周发病。流行性腮腺炎前驱症状较轻，主要表现为一侧或两侧以耳垂为中心，向前、后、下肿大，肿大的腮腺常呈半球形边缘不清，表面发热，有触痛。7至10天消退。本病为自限性疾病，目前尚缺乏特效药物，抗生素治疗无效。一般预后良好。The guiding ideology should be guided by Deng Xiaopi

15、ngs theory,the important thought of three represents and the spirit of the 16th CPC National Congress and the third Plenary session of the 16th CPC Central Committee.The guiding ideology should be guided by Deng Xiaopings theory,the important thought of three represents and the spirit of the 16th CP

16、C National Congress and the third Plenary session of the 16th CPC Central Committee.5、如何预防呼吸道传染病 保持家庭、教室内环境空气的流通与清新；养成良好的个人卫生习惯，勤洗手，不随地吐痰；感染疾病后外出或就医时应戴上口罩，尽量不与他人密切接触，暂时不要上学，及时治疗，避免成为重症或危重病例；适当加强日常锻炼，适时增减衣服防止受凉，多吃水果、蔬菜，多饮水，吃营养丰富的食品，保证足够睡眠，以增强对呼吸道传染病的免疫能力。此外，接种麻疹、水痘、腮腺炎等 相关疫苗是预防传染病最经济有效的手段。The guiding

17、 ideology should be guided by Deng Xiaopings theory,the important thought of three represents and the spirit of the 16th CPC National Congress and the third Plenary session of the 16th CPC Central Committee.除了春季高发的普通传染性疾病，在这里提醒广大同学，近期我国多地有人感染H7N9禽流感病例的报告，值得注意。预防禽流感要养成良好的卫生习惯，不接触和食用病死禽、畜肉，不购买无检疫证明的禽畜

18、产品。在食品加工要做到生熟分开，彻底烹熟。若有发热及呼吸道症状，应戴上口罩尽快就诊，告诉医生发病前有无外游或与禽类接触史。The guiding ideology should be guided by Deng Xiaopings theory,the important thought of three represents and the spirit of the 16th CPC National Congress and the third Plenary session of the 16th CPC Central Committee.The guiding ideology

19、should be guided by Deng Xiaopings theory,the important thought of three represents and the spirit of the 16th CPC National Congress and the third Plenary session of the 16th CPC Central Committee.在流动水下，使双手充分淋湿，取适量肥皂（皂液）均匀涂抹至整个手掌、手背、手指和指缝，具体步骤为：The guiding ideology should be guided by Deng Xiaopings

20、 theory,the important thought of three represents and the spirit of the 16th CPC National Congress and the third Plenary session of the 16th CPC Central Committee.The guiding ideology should be guided by Deng Xiaopings theory,the important thought of three represents and the spirit of the 16th CPC N

21、ational Congress and the third Plenary session of the 16th CPC Central Committee.The guiding ideology should be guided by Deng Xiaopings theory,the important thought of three represents and the spirit of the 16th CPC National Congress and the third Plenary session of the 16th CPC Central Committee.T

22、he guiding ideology should be guided by Deng Xiaopings theory,the important thought of three represents and the spirit of the 16th CPC National Congress and the third Plenary session of the 16th CPC Central Committee.The guiding ideology should be guided by Deng Xiaopings theory,the important though

23、t of three represents and the spirit of the 16th CPC National Congress and the third Plenary session of the 16th CPC Central Committee.The guiding ideology should be guided by Deng Xiaopings theory,the important thought of three represents and the spirit of the 16th CPC National Congress and the thi

24、rd Plenary session of the 16th CPC Central Committee.H7N9型禽流感 H7N9型禽流感是一种新型禽流感，于2013年3月底在上海和安徽两地率先发现。H7N9型禽流感是全球首次发现的新亚型流感病毒，尚未纳入我国法定报告传染病监测报告系统，并且至2013年4月初尚未有疫苗推出。被该病毒感染均在早期出现发热等症状，至2013年4月尚未证实此类病毒是否具有人传染人的特性。2013年4月经调查，H7N9禽流感病毒基因来自于东亚地区野鸟和中国上海、浙江、江苏鸡群的基因重配。截至2015年01月10日，全国已确诊134人，37人死亡，76人痊愈。病例分布于北京、上海、江苏、浙江、安徽、山东、河南、台湾、福建、东莞、汕尾等地The guiding ideology should be guided by Deng Xiaopings theory,the important thought of three represents and the spirit of the 16th CPC National Congress and the third Plenary session of the 16th CPC Central Committee.Office