2019版高考英语一轮复习 第一部分 教材重点全程攻略 Unit 2 Cloning讲义 新人教版选修8.doc

1、【 精品教育资源文库 】 Unit 2 Cloning 话题素材 克隆技术 话题词汇 1.drawback n. 缺点；不利条件 2.experiment n. 实验 3.explore vt. 探索 4.ban n that 6.Newspapers wrote of evil leaders hoping to clone themselves _ (attain) their ambitions. 答案： to attain 7.Dollys death, like her birth, was bound _ (raise) worries. 答案： to raise 8.The i

2、nitial requirment is _ you need perfect DNA. 答案： that 9.All efforts of cloning an animal will be _ vain if there is not enough diversity in the group to overcome illnesses. 答案： in 10.Diversity in a group means having animals with their genes _ (arrange) in different ways. 答案： arranged 1 undertake vt

3、.着手；从事；承担；保证；答应 教材原句 It is a difficult task to undertake.(P11) 它是一项很难完成的任务。 undertake sth. 着手 /从事 /承担某事 undertake to do sth. 保证 /答应做某事 undertake that . 保证 ? undertake responsibility/a task 承担责任 /任务 If you undertake_the_task,_you must be ready to suffer from hardship. 如果你承担这项任务，你就必须做好遇到艰难险阻的准备。 H e u

4、ndertook_to_give the money back in six months. 他保证 6 个月内还钱。 I can undertake that youll enjoy the trip. 【 精品教育资源文库 】 我保证你会喜欢这次旅行。 2 objection n不赞成；反对；异议 教材原句 On the other hand, Dollys appearance raised a storm of objections and had a great impact on the media and public imagination.(P12) 另一方面，多莉的问世引

5、起了一片强烈的反对之声，对媒体和公众的想象力也产生了重大的影响。 (1)raise an objection to sth. 对某事提出异议 make/take/have an objection to (doing) sth. 反对 (做 )某事 (2)object n. 物体；目标 vi. 反对；不赞成 object to sb./sth. 反对某人 /某事 object to doing sth. 反对做某事 object that . 反对 ? (3)objective adj. 真实的；客观的；无偏见的 We are determined to carry out the plan

6、if you have_no_objection. 如果你不反对，我们决心实施这项计划。 If nobody objects,_well postpone the meeting till next week. 如果没人反对，我们就把会议推迟到下周。 He strongly objects_to_being_treated like a child. 他强烈反对被人当孩子一样对待。 I find it difficult to be objective where hes concerned. 只要涉及到他，我就难以做到保持客观。 3 forbid vt.(forbade/forbad, fo

7、rbidden)禁止；不准 教材原句 Some began to reform their legal systems and forbade research into human cloning . (P12) 有些政府开始改革他们的 法律制度，禁止进行克隆人的研究 ? ?forbid sb. to do sth.forbid sb. from doing sth. 禁止某人做某事 forbid doing sth. 禁止做某事 forbid sb. sth. 禁止某人某事 【 精品教育资源文库 】 forbid that . 禁止 ?( 从句中常用 “should 动词原形 ”) It

8、 is forbidden to do sth. 做某事是禁止的。 He was_forbidden_to_leave the base as a punishment. 作为惩罚，他被禁止离开基地。 My father forbade_me_from_meeting/to_meet my friends online at the Internet 我父亲禁止我去网吧见我的网友。 The new law forbids_smoking in offices. 这项新法律禁止办公场所吸烟。 4 owe vt.欠 (钱、账、人情等 )；归功于；应感谢 教材原句 You owe the lady

9、an apology.(P13) 你必须向这位女士道歉。 (1)owe sb. sth./owe sth. to sb. 欠某人某物 owe sb. an apology 该向某人道歉 owe sb. a favour 欠某人一个人情 owe . to . 把 ? 归功于 ? ；应感激 ? (2)owing adj. 欠着的；未付的 owing to because of on account of due to 因为；由于 She still owes 3,000 to her father. 她还欠她父亲 3,000 英镑。 I think maybe we owe_you_an_apol

10、ogy. 我认为我们应向你道歉。 Mary will take care of the baby she owes_me_a_favour. 玛丽会照看孩子的 她欠我一个人情。 Owing_to the rain, the match was cancelled. 由于大雨，比赛被取消了。 5 strike v (struck, struck)撞击；敲；打；罢工；突然想起；给人 ? 印象；突然发生 n 罢工 教材原句 【 精品教育资源文库 】 . proves how the idea struck a mixture of fear and excitement into peoples

11、hearts.(P15) ? 证明了这一想法使人们感到既恐惧又兴奋。 (1)strike . into ones heart 使 ? 刻骨铭心 be struck by/with 被 ? 击中 /打动 /感动 It strikes/hits/occurs to sb. that . 某人突然想起 /到 /意识到 ? sth. strikes/hits/occurs to sb. 某人突然意识到 /想到 ? (2)go on strike 罢工 The visitors were_struck_by the beauty of the tourist area. 游客被旅游区的美景所打动。 St

12、aff at the hospital went_on_strike in protest at the incidents. 医院员工举行罢工，抗议这几起事件。 写出下列句中 strike 的含义 a He struck me as a very serious but friendly person.给人 ? 印象 b A powerful earthquake struck the Italian island of Sicily early this morning. 袭击 /撞击 c At this point, it suddenly struck me that I was wa

13、sting my time.突然想到 d She struck him in the face. 打 . 单句语法填空 1 The United Nations Organization (UNO) could undertake _ (direct) the distribution of aid. 答案： to direct undertake to do sth.“ 承担 /保证做某事 ” 。句意：联合国组织承担指导救助品的分配。 2 Please note that food and fruit _ (forbid) in the library, but you are allowe

14、d to have drinks and sweets with you. 答案： are forbidden 句意：请注意食物和水果在图书馆中是禁止食用的，但是饮料和糖果是被允许的。由句意可知，应用被动语态；由 but 引导的分句的时态可判断此处也用一般现在时；由主语为复数概念的名词可知此处填 are forbidden。 3 Although theyre twins, they _ (different) greatly in their tastes. 答案： differ 本句中缺少谓语动词且由从句判断用一般现在时，故填 differ。 4 His explanation was n

15、ot _ (reason), so all of us didnt accept it. 【 精品教育资源文库 】 答案： reasonable 形容词 reasonable “ 合乎情理的 ” 在句中作表语。 5 All the new employees are asked to learn about the rules and _ (regulate) of the company and they must obey them. 答案： regulations 由 and 以及 rules 可知，应用名词复数。 regulation 作为 “ 规章，规则 ” 讲时，是可数名词。 .

16、 单句改错 1 There is no object to your opening the window. _ 答案： objectobjection 2 It suddenly struck to me that we ought to make a new plan. _ 答案： 去掉第一个 to 或 struckoccurred 3 No one knows exact how the earth began as it happened so long ago. _ 答案： exactexactly 4 Owe to his absence, we had to put off th

17、e class meeting till next week. _ 答案： OweOwing 5 Taking a look at the situation we are in, I cannot resist make an observation. _ 答案： makemaking pay off 得到好结果；取得成功；偿清 教材原句 ,But at last the determination and patience of the scientists paid off in 1996 with a breakthrough the cloning of Dolly the shee

18、p.?P11? 但是决心和耐心使科学家们最终在 1996 年获得了突破性的结果 克隆羊 “ 多莉 ” 。 pay sth. off 全部偿还；偿清 (债务 ) pay sb. off (结工资后 )解雇；打发走 pay for sth. 付钱 (买 )；支付；为某事吃苦头或受惩罚 pay sb. for sth. 付钱给某人买某物 pay back 还钱；偿还；报复 【 精品教育资源文库 】 写出下列句中 pay off 的含义 a It would take him the rest of his life to pay off that loan.偿清 b Two hundred wor

19、kers have been paid off.(结工资后 )解雇；打发走 c All those weeks of studying will pay off when you take the exam.取得成功；奏效 This work is starting to pay_off. The annual death rate for adult condors has dropped from 38% in 2000 to 5.4% in 2011. 这些努力开始奏效。成年秃鹫的年死亡率已经从 2000 年的 38%降至 2011 年的 5.4%。 What delighted him

20、 was that after all these years he at last paid_off_all_his_debts. 使他高兴的是几年之后他终于还清了所有的债务。 Right, Ill pay_for the food and you pay for the drinks. 好吧，我付饭菜钱，你付酒水费。 That I can pay_back the help people give me makes me happy. 能够回报人们给我的帮助让我感到很开心。 in good/poor condition 状况很好 /坏；情况很好 /坏 教材原句 The dodo became extin