医学精品课件:12.1体外循环.PPT
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- 医学 精品 课件 12.1 体外循环
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1、 Jiang Yingjiu Professor Master TutorCardiothoracic Department The First Affiliated Hopital of Chongqing Medical University Congenital heart disease,Tetralogy of Fallot6 years old,15 kg weight.cyanosis,clubbing fingers.wouldnt grown-up unless recieved cardiac surgeryTo repair the cardiac defects Blo
2、odless field Motionless fieldStop the motion of the heart and lungs Bloodless?Motionless?Life maintenance?1 Definition2 Basical equipments3 Essential steps4 Clinical application 5 Pathophysiology 6 Postoperative treatment Drains venous blood from the right atrium or vena cava by the cannula inserted
3、 into the venous system.Finishs gas exchange process including oxygen and carbon dioxide by the artifial lung(oxygenator)to change the oxygen poor venous blood into the oxygen rich arterial blood.Pumps oxygenated blood back to the body by the artificial heart(pump)via arterial cannula to remain the
4、living of the all the other organs of the body except the lung and the heart.Provides a limited 2-3 hours time during which the lung and the heart are not working for cardiac surgeon to open the heart and finish a operation precisely with bloodless and motionless field.Cardiopulmonary BypassBy this
5、way,the function of the lung and heart had been taken over by the extracorporeal circulation equipments.Provide the desired bloodless,motionless operative field and still supply all the other organs of the body withoxygen and nutrient-rich blood.Heat exchangerSummary for CPB1 Purpose:1)To provide a
6、bloodless,motionless field for heart surgery 2)Rest of body perfused while heart and lung stopped2 Methods:1)Drain out venous blood 2)Oxygenated by artificial lung 3)Oxygen-rich blood pumped back by artificial heart History Landmark in cardiac surgery!Western countries in 1953 China in 1958 The hosp
7、ital here 1963 1979 John H.Gibbon吴英恺吴英恺1 Definition2 Basical equipments3 Essential steps4 Clinical application 5 Pathophysiology 6 Postoperative treatment Basic equipments 1 artificial heart(blood pump)2 artificial lung(oxygenator)3 temperature exchanger4 filter5 tubes or cannulasArtificial hypothem
8、iaUsing bionics principle of hibernation,lowering the body temperature can strengthen the tolerance ablility for hypoxia.Decreasing 1 of the body temperature can reduce oxygen consumption by 5%-6%.Decrease the body temperature to 28 -20,the metabolization will be reduced to 50%-80%.Therefore,low tem
9、perature can enhance the body tolerance to hypoxia.Combine the cardiopulmonary bypass and hypothermic anesthesia together widely used in the treatment of heart disease for open intracardio surgery.blood pumpoxygenator temperature exchangertubes 1 Definition2 Basical equipments3 Essential steps4 Clin
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