2019版高考英语一轮复习 Unit 22 Environmental Protection讲义 北师大版选修8.doc

1、【 精品教育资源文库 】 Unit 22 Environmental Protection 一积词汇见多识广 课内单词回扣 (一 )阅读词汇写其义 1 mainland n 大陆 2.substitute n 代替品，代用品 3 botanical adj.植物的 4.corrupt adj.贪污受贿的，腐败的 5 conservation n 保护 6.coincidence n 巧合 7 relevant adj.有关的 8.changeable adj.多变的 9 catastrophe n 巨大的灾难 10.potential n 可能性，潜在性 11 negative adj.消极

2、的，负面的 12.finance n 资金 (二 )表达词汇写其形 1 trap vt.使困住 2.principle n原则，道德准则 3 advocate vt.主张，提倡 4.recycle vt.回收利用 5 claim vt.声称 6.seize vt.依法没收 7 sacrifice vt. I will take your advice into consideration. 2 After a long separation,_they both lived a separate life and in the end they separated peacefully. 3

3、A new bridge is being constructed over the river and its construction will be finished next year. 4 It is not safe to let the child sharpen his pencil using the sharp sharpener. 5 Being interested in politics,_the wellknown politician often participates in a variety of political activities. 6 Mr.Whi

4、te is the adopted son of Mrs.Green, who adopted him when his parents died 20 years ago. Thanks to her adoption,_ Mr.White could receive a good education and became an engineer. 话题单词积累 1 environment /?nva? r?nm?nt/ n 环境 2 surroundings /s?ra?nd?z/ n. 环境 3 atmosphere /tm?sf? (r)/ n. 大气 4 pollute /p?lu?

5、t/ vt. 污染 5 waste /we?st/ n. 废料；垃圾 6 noisy /n?z?/ adj. 嘈杂的；喧闹的 7 smelly /smel?/ adj. 有臭味的 8 radiation /?re?d?e?(?)n/ n. 放射，放射物 9 emission /im?n/ n. 排放 10 rubbish /r?b?/ n. 垃圾；废物 11 litter /l?t?(r)/ v. 乱丢杂物 12 forbid /f?b?d/ vt. 禁止 13 permit /p?m?t/ vt. be/get stuck in; be/get caught in; be/get block

6、ed in。 2 reserve vt.储备；保存；保留；预订，预约 n.保护区；储备 教材原句 Breweries are often built in nature reserves. 啤酒厂经常建在自然保护区。 一词多义 写出句中 reserve 的词性和含义 A separate room is reserved for smokers. vt.保留 Do you have to reserve tickets in advance？ vt.预订 Firstly, an effective way, I think, is to reserve water in a scientifi

7、c way 【 精品教育资源文库 】 for future use.vt.储备 Jiuzhaigou Valley is a nature reserve located in Chinas Sichuan Province.n.保护区 (1)in reserve 贮存；备用 (2)reserve sth.for sb./sth. 为某人 /某物保留、预订某物 (3)reservation n. 保留；预订 (房间、座位等 ) make a reservation 预订 (座位、房间等 ) without reserve/reservation 毫无保留地 (4)reserved adj.

8、预订的，保留的 It is advisable to keep some food in_reserve in case of emergency. 储备一些食物以应急需是明智的。 3 advocate vt.主张，提倡 n.提倡者，拥护者 教材原句 Experts advocate that each person play their part. 专家们主张每一个人都要发挥自己的作用。 (1)advocate (doing) sth. 提倡 /拥护 /支持 (做 )某事 advocate that . 主张 ? 从句谓语动词用 (should )动词原形 (2)be an advocate

9、 of/for ? 的提倡者 /拥护者 Many experts advocate reducing (reduce) the amount of childrens homework and advocate that children (should)_be_given (give) more free time. 许多专家主张减少孩子的作业量，提倡给孩子更多的自由时间。 We advocate that the Iranian nuclear issue (should)_be_resolved (solve) through diplomatic means. 我们主张伊核问题应通过外

10、交途径来解决。 In the college, the professor he met first was an_advocate_of truth. 在学院里，他最先遇到的教授是一个真理的提倡者。 4 substitute vt. & vi.(用 ? )替代；取代 n.代替品，代用品 教材原句 After all, theres no substitute for our Earth. 毕竟，没有任何东西可以代替地球。 (1)a substitute for . ? 的替代品 (2)substitute A for B substitute B with/by A 用 A 代替 /取代 B

11、 substitute for 代替，取代 【 精品教育资源文库 】 In China many people use tea as_ a_substitute_for coffee. 在中国，很多人用茶作为咖啡的替代品。 As far as Im concerned, we must substitute a new chair for the broken one As far as Im concerned, we must substitute the broken chair_with/by_a new one. 在我看来，我们必须 用一把新椅子换掉这把坏椅子。 At least

12、three years of relevant experience may substitute_for the formal qualifications listed above. 至少三年以上的相关经验可以代替上方所示正规资格。 5 threaten vt.威胁，恐吓 教材原句 They threatened to close our credit lines if we dont reduce the amount of carbon dioxide we produce. 如果我们不降低二氧化碳的排放量，他们威胁说将取消我们的信用额度。 (1)threaten sb.with .

13、用 ? 威胁某人 threaten to do sth. 威胁要做某事 threaten that . 威胁 ? (2)threat n. 威胁，恐吓 a threat to sb./sth. 对某人或某事的威胁 Several giant dam projects threaten to_do (do) more harm than good. 几个巨型大坝项目有弊大于利的危险。 China is a peaceloving country, and we have never been a_threat_to the world. 中国是一个爱好和平的国家，我们从来不会成为世界的威胁。 H

14、e threatened the old lady with a toy gun. 他用玩具手枪威胁老太太。 6 means n 方式，方法；手段 教材原句 The telephone is a means of communication. 电话是一种交流工具。 means of (doing) sth. (做 )某事的方法、途径 by means of 借助 ? 的手段 by this means 用这种方法 by all means 可以，当然行；尽一切办法，务必，一定 by no means 决不，一点也不 (置于句首，句子用倒装 ) 【 精品教育资源文库 】 Furthermore

15、, punishment is by no means a wise choice to help them grow up mentally and physically. Furthermore, by no means is_punishment a wise choice to help them grow up mentally and physically. 而且，惩罚绝不是帮助他们身心健康成长的明智选择。 We must finish the task ahead of the deadline by_all_means. 我们无论如何都要在最后期限之前完成任务。 It aims

16、 to promote the cultural exchan ge among students from different countries by_means_of language study. 它旨在通过语言学习促进来自不同国家学生之间的文化交流。 名师点津 当 means 表示 “ 方法，方式，手段 ” 时，单复数同形。 means 作主语且有every, each, one 等词修饰时，谓语动词用单数；有 some, several, many, few, all 等词修饰时谓语动词用复数。 Every possible means has been tried, but no

17、ne worked. All possible means have been tried, but none worked. 各种可能的办法都尝试了，但没有一种奏效。 7 adopt vt.采用，采纳；收养 高考佳句 In recent years, however, young upper middleclass people in London, have begun to adopt some regional accents, in order to hide their class origins.(2015 广东高考 ) 但是，在最近几年，伦敦中上阶层的年轻人为了掩盖他们的阶级出

18、身，开始采用地方方言。 (1)adopt ones suggestion 采纳某人的建议 the adopted son 养子 (2)adoption n. 收养；采用 The general manager decided to adopt_his_suggestion after much deliberation. 总经理经过再三思考后，决定采纳他的建议。 The senator urged against the adoption (adopt) of the measure. 那位参议员极力反对采取这项措施。 名师点津 adopt 与 adapt 两词词形相近，但意思不同， adap

19、t 意为 “ 适应；改编，改写 ” 。 The young couple had no children of their own and adopted an orphan. After a few months, the child came to adapt to his new life. 【 精品教育资源文库 】 这对年轻夫妇没有亲生孩子，领养了一名孤儿。几个月后，这个孩子适应了新生活。 8 condemn vt.谴责，指责；宣判，判处；把某人置于困境 经典例句 They were condemned to a life of hardship. 他们不得不过着艰苦的生活。 con

20、demn . for . 因 ? 而谴责 ? condemn sb. to . sentence sb. to . 判处某人 ?( 某种刑罚 ) condemn sb. to sth./to do sth. 迫使某人接受困境 (或不愉快的状况 )；使某人注定 (做 )? We will condemn_those_people_for their mistreating pets, such as dogs or cats. 我们会谴责那些虐待宠物比如狗和猫的人。 If you dont learn from the past, you will be condemned to_repeat (repeat) its mistakes. 如果你不从过去吸取教训的话，就注定要重复以前的错误。 He was_condemned/sentenc