2019版高考英语大一轮复习 步骤化写作增分 第二步 过句子关 第二讲 句子如何写美讲义.doc

1、【 精品教育资源文库 】 第二讲 句子如何写美 第 1 课时 从形式上错落有致 写作时应避免使用相同长度的相同句型，而应注意句式的变化，如长短句结合，简单句、复杂句和复合句并用，还可以使用简化句等，这样可以增加文章亮点。 一、让简单句 “ 靓 ” 起来 扩写简单句 在简单句的基础上充分利用形容词、副词、定语从句和状语从句等来充实句子，让句子体现作者较高的修辞意识。 He is sleeping. He is sleeping in class.(添加状语 ) He is sleeping in the English class.(添加定语 ) He is sleeping soundly

2、in the English class.(添加状语 ) He is sleeping soundly in the English class when the teacher calls his name.(添加 when 连接的状语从句 ) He, who attended his friend s birthday party till midnight yesterday, is sleeping soundly in the English class when the teacher calls his name.(添加 who引导的定语从句 ) 注意：扩写句子时有一点很关键，即

3、要明晰句子的主要成分，并搞清单词的词性，如：它是名词还是动词，是形容词还是副词。 二、让句子 “ 瘦 ” 下来 高级简单句 有些句子过于冗长，让句子显得不够简洁，如果用单词、介词短语、非谓语动词等简化句子，可使句子变得更加优美。 1用单词简化句子 As he was tired and hungry, the boy was unwilling to move on. Tired and hungry, the boy was unwilling to move on. 2用介词短语简化句子 We will not finish the task if you do not help us.

4、Without your help, we will not finish the task. 3用非谓语动词简化句子 Mary came late, which made her teacher angry. Mary s coming late made her teacher angry. Because he did not know what to do, he had to ask the teacher for help. Not knowing what to do, he had to ask the teacher for help. 4用并列结构简化句子 【 精品教育资

5、源文库 】 I am a music lover. Jack is also a music lover. Both Jack and I are music lovers. 三、交叉使用长句与短句 在英语写作中，过多 地使用长句或过多地使用短句都不好，正确的做法是，根据实际情况在文章中交替使用长句与短句，使文章显得错落有致，这样不仅使文章在形式上增加美感，而且使文章读起来铿锵有力。 例 中午我们在阳光下吃野餐。休息了一会儿后，我们唱歌的唱歌，跳舞的跳舞，还有的讲故事、下棋，大家玩得很开心。 一般句 At noon we had a picnic lunch in the sunshine.T

6、hen we had a short rest.Then we began to play happily.We sang and danced.Some told stories.Some played chess. 优秀句 At noon we had a picnic lunch in the sunshine.After a short rest, we had great fun singing and dancing, telling stories and playing chess. 四、恰当套用某些固定表达方式 例 1 他太累了，不能再往前走了。 一般句 He was ver

7、y tired.He couldn t walk any farther. 优秀句 He was too tired to walk any farther. 例 2 这部电影很有趣，老师和学生都很喜欢。 一般句 The film was very interesting.Both the teachers and the students liked it. 优秀句 The film was so interesting that both the teachers and the students liked it. 例 3 你的儿子已经长大，现在可以自己照顾自己了。 一般句 Your s

8、on is old.He can look after himself now. 优秀句 Your son is old enough to look after himself now. 专题过关训练 . 句型转化 (改为高级简单句 ) 1 We know of different cultures by learning English. Learning_English gives us an access to an exploration of a variety of cultures. 2 It was a whole day before we got to the top o

9、f the mountain on foot. It_took_us_a_whole_day to get to the top of the mountain on foot. 3 I wasn t good at communicating with others, which made me feel lonely. Not_being_good_at_communicating_with_others made me feel lonely. 【 精品教育资源文库 】 4 As time went on, the class are beginning to know me bett

10、er. With_time_going_on,_the class are beginning to know me better. 5 They stayed in the cave and had nothing to eat. They stayed in the cave, with_nothing_to_eat. 6 I think that helping the poor is our duty. I think it our duty to_help_the_poor. 7 We talked about Mr.Smith who is our new teacher. We

11、talked about Mr.Smith , our_new_teacher. 8 Because she is working hard, she is bound to rank first in the coming exam. Working_hard,_she is bound to rank first in the coming exam. 9 If you speak more, write more and read more, you can improve your English before you know them. By_speaking_more,_writ

12、ing_more_and_reading_more,_you can improve your English before you know them. 10 Shanghai, which is one of the biggest cities in China, is the most developed. Shanghai, one_of_the_biggest_cities_in_China,_is the most developed. . 将 下列句子改为高级句 1 He is so kind that he can help me. He is so_kind_as_to_h

13、elp_me.(so .as to .) 2 When he arrives, please give me an email. On_arriving/his_arrival,_please give me an email.(on doing/sth.) 3 I happened to have met him. It_happened_that_I_had_met_him.(It happened that .) 4 I won t believe what he says. No_matter_what_he_says,_I won t believe.(no matter what

14、.) 5 She walked out of the lab and many students followed her. Followed_by_many_students,_she walked out of the lab.(过去分词短语作状语 ) 第 2 课时 从内容上意蕴丰满 一、灵活改变句子开头 在通常情况下，英语句子的排列方式为 “ 主语谓语宾语 ” ，即主语位于句子开头。但若根据情况适当改变句子的开头方式，比如使用倒装语序或以状语开头等，就会增强文章的表现力。 在写作中，倒装句型应用比较广泛，涉及的句型主要包括部分倒装和全部倒装。 【 精品教育资源文库 】 在写作中，我们可

15、以通过倒装让句子更高级。We can help to construct an energysaving society only with joint efforts. Only with joint efforts can we help to construct an energysaving society.He not only made a promise ， but also he kept it. Not only did he make a promise， but also he kept it.1 “only 修饰副词、介词短语或状语 ” 置于句首时，句子用部分倒装。 O

16、nly in this way can we students study happily and effectively.(2015 湖南高考满分作文 ) 只有用这种方法，我们学生才能愉快、有效地学习。 2 none, neither, nor, not, never, hardly, little, seldom 等否定词，以及表示否定意义的介词短语如 at no time, by no means 等置于句首时，句子用部分倒装。 No sooner/Hardly had he finished his talk than/when he was surrounded by the exc

17、ited workers. 他刚一结束讲话就被兴奋的工人们围了起来。 3在 so/such . that .结构中，当 so/such .位于句首时，其后的句子用部分倒装。 So clearly does he speak English that he can always make himself understood. 他说英语说得如此清晰，以至于别人都能听懂。 4 as/though“ 尽管 ?” Child as/though he is, he knows a lot about astronomy. 虽然他是个孩子，但他知道很多天文学知识。 5 were/should/had .

18、“ 如果 ?” Were I in his position, I wouldn t do it that way. 如果我在他的位置上，我是不会那么做的。 Looking back, I feel I wouldn t be able to ride a bike had I lost heart.(2014 福建高考书面表达 ) 回顾以往，我感觉如果我失去了信心就学不会骑自行车。 6 here, there, now, then, out, in, up, down, on the wall, in the room 等表示地点、时间或方位的副词或介词短语置于句首，且主语是名词而不是代词时

19、，句子用全部倒装。 In that picture, around the table with three books on it sit three students.(2015 上海高考满分作文 ) 在图画中，三个学生围坐在桌子周围，桌子上有三本书。 For a moment nothing happened. Then came voices all shouting together. 【 精品教育资源文库 】 有一段时间什么也没发生，然后传来了大家一起喊叫的声音。 二、合理使用省略句 在英语中，为了避免重复而省去某些重复的部分，这种现象叫省略。 合理恰当地使用省略句，不仅可以使文

20、章精练、简洁，而且会使文章更具文采和可读性。 1祈使句中通常省略主语、谓语的一部分、表语等重复的部分。 (It) Sounds like a good idea. 听上去是一个好办法。 Are you thirsty? Yes, I am (thirsty) 你口渴吗？ 是的，我很渴。 Let s meet at the same place as (we met) yesterday. 让我们还在昨天的老地方见面。 2两个并列句中，后一个分句常省略与前一分句中相同的部分。 My brother is a doctor and my sisterinlaw (is) a lawyer. 我哥哥是医生，我嫂子是律师。 3在以 when, while, once 引导的时间状语从句及以 if, unless 引导的条件状语从句中和 though, although 引导的让步状语从句中，