2019版高考英语一轮复习 单元检测（十七）Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China 外研版必修3.doc

1、【 精品教育资源文库 】 单元检测（十七） Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China .阅读理解 A Called “the man who shaped America” and “the father of modern industrial design” ， Raymond Loewy must be one of the most influential designers of all time. He revolutionized the industry, working as an adviser for more

2、 than 200 companies and creating designs for everything from packaging to refrigerators, from cars to the insides of spaceships. Loewys designs all had one thing in common. They were shaped by the MAYA principle Most Advanced Yet Acceptable. His idea was that people will not accept solutions to desi

3、gn problems if the solutions are too different from current designs. Loewy started his career in industrial design in 1929 by redesigning a copying machine for the British manufacturer, Sigmund Gestetner. The 28yearold designer completed the task in three days and the design of the machine lasted fo

4、r the next 40 years. The Gestetner copying machine was the beginning of many designs which used streamlining (流线型 ). He described this as “beauty through function and simplification”. He spent the next 50 years streamlining everything from postage stamps and company logos (商标 ) to the insides of sto

5、res. The famous Greyhound bus and Studebaker car show his use of streamlining in action. He is perhaps most famous for his redesign of the Lucky Strike packaging. In 1940, the President of the Lucky Strike Manufacturing Company, George Washington Hill, bet Loewy 50,000 that he could not improve the

6、appearance of the green and red Lucky Strike packets. Loewy accepted the challenge. He changed the background of the packet from green to white. Then he put the red lucky strike target on both sides of the packet. This made it more eyecatching and greatly increased sales. It is now recognized as a d

7、esign classic. Loewys logo design aimed at “visual retention ( 视觉保持 )”. He wanted to make sure that anyone who saw the logo, even for a short while, would never forget it. He designed many highly visible logos for famous companies such as Shell Oil, Exxon, 【 精品教育资源文库 】 Greyhound and Nabisco. By the

8、 mid 20th century, his industrial design firm was so famous that he could say “the average person, leading a normal life . is bound to be in daily contact with some of the things, services or structures” designed by his fi rm. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了 20 世纪最著名的美国工业设计师之一与美国工业奠基人雷蒙德 罗维。 1 Loewys biggest

9、influence was in _. A completely changing the design industry B successfully shaping Americans taste C changing peoples idea about design D building a professional design team 解析：选 A 细节理解题。根据第一段中的 “the father of modern industrial design”和 “one of the most influential designers of all time” 以及 “He re

10、volutionized the industry” 可知，雷蒙德 罗维完全改变了设计行业。 2 Loewys designs were based on the idea of _. A speeding up the design process B providing completely different designs C providing most immediately recognizable designs D offering original but not revolutionary answers to problems 解析：选 D 推理判断题。根据第二段可知，

11、罗维的设计都基于一个原则：最先进的但仍可接受的。 3 Loewy first used streamlining _. A in his redesign of the Lucky Strike packaging B when he designed a company logo for the Gestetner C when he redesigned a copying machine for Gestetner D in his design for the Greyhound bus and Studebaker car 解析：选 C 细节理解题。根据第四段中的 “The Gest

12、etner copying machine was the beginning of many designs which used streamlining(流线型 ) ” 可知，罗维受委托为一位企业家 Sigmund Gestetner 重新设计复印机，他首次采用 “ 流线、简单化 ” 的设计理念。 4 What can we infer from the last paragraph? A Loewy provided service to ordinary people. B Loewys designs were famous and influential. C Loewys de

13、sign firms existed all over the world. 【 精品教育资源文库 】 D Loewy was welcomed and respected by the public. 解析：选 B 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，一个普通人每日都会接触雷蒙德 洛威公司的设计作品，由此可推知，雷蒙德 罗维公司的设计作品非常著名，而且极富影响力。 B In the state of Maryland, a girl was born into slavery in 1820. Her parents named her Araminta Harriet Ross. She wa

14、s to become Harriet Tubman. She was one of about one million Africans in slavery in the United States. From the age of five, Harriet Tubmans owners made her work very hard. First, she cared for the child of the farm owner. Then, she did hard work on large farms. Although she could not read or write,

15、 Tubman learned from her parents to do what was right. Through her whole life, Tubman put herself in danger to help other people. One such act changed her life when she was 13 years old. Because she helped another slave, her owner threw a piece of metal at her and it hit her on the head. She was bad

16、ly hurt. For the rest of her life, Tubmans head wound caused problems for her. When she was about 25 years old， Harriet married a free black man named John Tubman. But she was still a slave. Her life was so difficult that she decided to escape. She travelled for 145 kilometres, and finally crossed i

17、nto the North. Tubman became a free woman. But Tubman could not leave her family enslaved in the South. So she travelled back to help them escape as well. Then, she made many trips and guided about 300 slaves to freedom. Tubman also fought bravely in the American Civil War and in 1865 slavery was no

18、t allowed in the US. Harriet Tubman died in 1913. Her memory brings hope to many people especially to those who fight for justice. She encouraged people to never give up. “If you want a taste of freedom, keep going.” 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了美国杰出的黑人废奴主义运动家哈莉特 塔布曼的生平事迹。 5 What do we know about Harriet Tu

19、bman? A She was born a slave. B She was born in Africa. 【 精品教育资源文库 】 C She was taken to the US by a slave trader. D She was sold to a farm owner when she was born. 解析：选 A 细节理解题。根据第一段中的 “a girl was born into slavery” 可知，哈莉特 塔布曼出生于奴隶家庭，也就意味着她一出生就是奴隶。 6 When she was 13 years old, Tubman _. A planned t

20、o run away B helped a slave escape C fought bravely against her owner D was seriously wounded in her head 解析：选 D 细节理解题。根据第四段中的 “when she was 13 years old” 和 “her owner threw a piece of metal at her and it hit her on the head. She was badly hurt” 可知，塔布曼在 13 岁的时候，头部受到重创。 7 We can infer from the text t

21、hat Tubman was _. A honest and friendly B strong and helpful C lucky and careful D clever and polite 解析：选 B 推理判断题。根据文中对塔布曼事迹的描述可知，作为奴隶的她受到非人的折磨，但她却凭借自己顽强的意志成功摆脱奴隶的身份，并 且多次帮助其他奴隶获得了自由。由此可知， B 项准确概括了塔布曼的品质特点。 8 What would be the best title for the text? A Africans Fight for Freedom B Harriet Tubman: F

22、rom Slave to Hero C The History of Slavery in the United States D The American Civil War: The North Against the South 解析：选 B 标 题归纳题。哈莉特 塔布曼出身奴隶，但她渴望自由，最终逃到美国北方，获取新生。不仅如此，她还帮助无数黑奴奔向自由，成为一名英雄。故 B 项为最佳标题。 . 完形填空 My dad died last year. He wasnt _1_， only aged sixtysix. You can probably _2_ the upset, th

23、e anger, the unexpected flood of _3_ that have filled the twelve months since then. What would I do without him? More importantly, I had to face up to the _4_ that, with him gone, I was the oldest in my family. The most fearful of all, I realized that there was no one between me and _5_. After his generation was gone, mine would be the next