Unit4 单词（ppt课件） -2022新人教版（2019）《高中英语》必修第二册.pptx

1、每日背诵1 The host seized my hand and shook it heartily and enjoyably.主人抓住我的手，热情开心地握了起来。2 The class clapped warmly as Mr:Smith presented me with the reward.当史密斯先生给我颁奖时，全班同学热烈鼓掌。3 Everyone started to clap their hands.I gave them a shy smile and the whole class was filled with thunderous applause.大家都开始鼓掌，

2、我羞涩地笑了笑。班上爆发出热烈的掌声。4 He grasped my hand and shook it warmly.他热情地握住我的手。1.Confucius 孔子Temple of Confucius 孔庙Cemetery of Confucius孔子陵园2.cemetery n.墓地；公墓 同义词：graveyard3.philosophy n.哲学 philosopher n.哲学家4.individual adj.单独的；个别的 n.个人 individual difference个体差异We interviewed each individual member of the co

3、mmunity.我们采访了社区中的每个成员。The competition is open to both teams and individuals.团队和个人均可参加比赛。同根词 individually adv.分别地；单独地5.kingdom n.王国；领域；管辖范围the United Kingdom 联合王国拓展：kingpin 主要人物 kingship 王位 king-size 特大的 kingfisher 翠鸟 同义词：emperor 皇帝 monarch 君主；帝王 The wife of a king is a queen.The son of a king and qu

4、een is a prince and their daughter is a princess.国王的妻子是王后，国王和王后的儿子是王子，他们的女儿是公主。6.chief adj.最重要的;最高级别的=most important;mian n.(公司或机构的)首领;酋长(复数:chiefs)同根词：主要地 adv.chiefly 拓展：the chief problem/reason:主要问题/原因(理由)CEO =Chief Executive（adj.行政的，）Officer总参谋长chief of staffAccording to the text,what are two chi

5、ef advantages of studying the history of a country?根据课文，学习一个国家的历史的两个主要优势是什么?7.puzzle n.谜；智力游戏；疑问vt.迷惑；使迷惑 拓展：puzzling:adj.令人迷惑的/困惑的 puzzled:adj.(人感到)困惑的;迷惑不解的 puzzle about/over冥思苦想;苦苦思索 be in a puzzle 不知如何是好 be puzzled about对迷惑不解 be puzzled by 被.迷惑When the little girl was asked such a question,she s

6、tood there with a look on her face.(puzzle)Their reason for doing it is still a _ to me.People have long puzzled how the Egyptians moved such huge rocks.puzzlingpuzzledpuzzleover/about8.nearby adv.在附近 adj.附近的;邻近的(常在名词前)be near to.:距.近be far from.:距.远她妈妈住在附近的小镇。Her mother lives in a nearby town.（adj.

7、）Her mother lives in a town nearby.（adv.）9.join.to/with.把和连接起来join指的是任何事物的直接连接，连接的程度可紧可松，含有指的是任何事物的直接连接，连接的程度可紧可松，含有“还能分开还能分开”之意。常之意。常用结构用结构join.to,join up。若非直接连接，则可与。若非直接连接，则可与connect换用。换用。join sb in doing sth connect指的是通过某种媒介物把事物连接起来，事物的特征还保持着，常表示与技术指的是通过某种媒介物把事物连接起来，事物的特征还保持着，常表示与技术有关的连接以及火车、飞机等实

8、行联运。常用结构有关的连接以及火车、飞机等实行联运。常用结构connect.with/to。combine着重指两个或两个以上的人或事物为了共同的目的而结合在一起，结合后原来着重指两个或两个以上的人或事物为了共同的目的而结合在一起，结合后原来的部分可能仍不改变，但也可能失去其本性，常用结构的部分可能仍不改变，但也可能失去其本性，常用结构combine.with。unite强调紧密地结合成一个整体体，含难以分开之意，常用结构强调紧密地结合成一个整体体，含难以分开之意，常用结构unite.with。Please _ this pole to that one.请把这根竿子和那根竿子接起来。The

9、island is _ to the mainland by a bridge.这座岛由一座桥与大陆相连。The two parties have _ to form a new government.两党联合组成了新政府。This flight _ with a New York one.这班飞机可接上纽约的另一趟航班。The fight against terrorism seemed to _ the nation.与恐怖主义的斗争似乎把全国人民团结了起来.joinjoined/connectedcombinedconnects unite10.break away(from sb/st

10、h)脱离;逃脱;摆脱拓展：break in 破门而入;打断 break into 闯入;突然开始(笑、唱等)break out(战争)爆发;(火灾)发生 break up 拆开;结束;解散 break down 出故障;失败;垮掉;(使)分解 break through 突破However,the southern part of Ireland was unwilling and to form its own government.If you go on working like that,you will sooner or later.In my opinion,marriage b

11、ased on money is likely to.Fire during the night.broke awaybreak downbreak upbroke out 11.belong vi.应在(某处);适应,合得来 拓展：(1)belong to属于;是的成员;是的组成部分 (2)belonging n.归属感;所有物 a sense of belonging归属感 belongings n.所有物;财产 注：belong to 没有被动语态和进行时态,用作非谓语动词时要使用动词-ing形式。Having sold most of his(belong),he almost had

12、 nothing left in the house.The future _ （属于）those who believe in the beauty of their dreams.The wooden house(belong)to me is being decorated now.belongingsbelonging belongs to 12.as well as同(一样也);和;还 拓展：(1)as well as“既又”,可连接两个平行结构。连接两个名 词作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式与as well as之前的主语一致。(2)as well“也;又;还”,常放在句子末尾,作为

13、副词短语使用。(3)may/might as well do sth倒不如做某事;不妨做某事 Amy,as well as her brothers,(give)a warm welcome when returning to the village last week.The deadline for the project is around the corner,so we as well get some help.As well as(have)difficulty adapting herself to the new school life,she found the cultu

14、re difference was another challenge for her.注：as well as 用作介词，相当于besides,in addition to,意识是“除.之外”，后面常接名词或动名词，尤其是位于句首时。was givenmay/mighthaving 13 currency kr()nsn._ u/c 通用；流行；流传 拓展：current kr()ntadj.现行的现行的;流通的流通的 currently krntladv.当前当前,目前目前 trading in foreign currencies买卖外汇 local curency当地的货币 cutrr

15、ent price 时价It has wide currency.这个已经广为使用。There are words that are no longer current.这些是已经不再通用的词14.military mltri:adj.军事的;军用的拓展：military defence 军事力量 military training 军训他们上个月军训了They had their military training last month.货币;通货 15.defend v.防御，保护，辩解，辩护 defence n 防御；保卫 拓展：defend.against/from.保卫.免受.def

16、end against防御 defend oneself 自卫；自我辩护；in defence of.为保卫.；为.辩护 in ones defence/come to sbs defence 为某人辩护 defensive adj 防御的 defenceless adj.不能自卫的 What points can be raised in defence of this argument.有什么论点能提出来为这个说法辩护？温馨提示：与defend.from/against.用法类似的还有：prevent.(from).;stop.(from).;keep.from.;protect.from

17、/against.在被动语态中from都不可省略。16 legal lig()ladj.法律的;合法的;法定的 拓展：legally adv.法律上；合法地 illegally adv.不合法地 It is legal to do sth 做某事是合法的(2019浙江)出于法律原因，大多数餐馆都有禁止转送厨余食物的政策。For legal reasons,most restaurants have a policy against giving away food waste.(2017天津)它将把无人驾驶汽车置于与人类司机同等的法律地位。It will put fully driverles

18、s cars on an equal legal footing to human drivers.17 surround vt.围绕;包围(1)surround.with.用包围 be surrounded by/with被包围(2)surrounding adj.周围的;附近的 surroundings n.环境 This county is surrounded rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle.The(surround)villages have been included into the growing city.Th

19、e buildings have been designed to blend in with their _(surround).注：surroundings用复数形式，主要指周围的具体物质环境。environment 是集合名词单数，既可表示抽象概念，也可表示具体意义，指对人的发展产生影响的自然环境或生活环境。by/withsurroundingsurroundings18 evidence n.证据，根据，证明拓展：evident adj.清楚的；明白的；显而易见的 evidently adv.明显地；显然地 寻找证据:look for/search for evidence 找到证据:

20、find evidence （出庭）作证:give evidence 一项证据:a piece of evidence19 achievement n.C成就，成绩，功绩；U达到，完成；achieve vt.拓展：a sense of achievement 一种成就感 make an achievement/achievements 取得成就Handle the most important tasks first so youll feel a real sense of _.(2016全国II)先处理最重要的任务，这样你才会有真正的成就感。The father of success is

21、 work,and the mother of _ is ambition.勤奋乃成功之父，志向乃成功之母。achievementachievement20.location n.地方;位置;地点 拓展：locate vi.找出的准确地点;确定的准确地点 located adj.位于;坐落在 locator n.定位器 be located at/in/on.位于 1)It is a suitable for a new airport.2)The factory at the foot of a hill.21.conquer kk v.占领;征服;控制 拓展：conqueror n.征服者

22、，胜利者 conquest n.征服;得胜;战利品 Energy and persistence _all things.(Benjamin Franklin)精力加毅力可以征服一切。本杰明富兰克林 The chase is always much more exciting than the _ anyway.不管怎么说，追求的过程总比得手更为刺激。location is located conquer conquest 22.battle n.vi.&vt.战斗;搏斗;奋斗拓展：battle with sb for sth 因某事和某人争斗 a battle of wills 意志的较量

23、battledress 战地服装 bettle field 战场 The man battled against cancer for four years 这个人与癌症抗争了四年23.keep your eyes open(for)留心；留意拓展：吸引某人的注意:catch ones eye 注视，盯着看:fix ones eyes on 照看；留意；密切注意:keep an eye on 对.有鉴赏力；have an eye for 直视某人:look sb in the eye24.charge n.收费;指控;主管vt.收费;控告;充电 拓展：(1)charge sb with sth

24、因某事控告某人 charge sb for sth向某人索取的费用(2)free of charge/for free 免费 in charge(of)主管;负责;照顾 in the charge of/in ones charge由某人负责;由某人管理 take charge of掌管;负责;看管 We have enough confidence to charge you abuse of power.The generous owner of the pub charged us only a small amount of money wine and beer.Your order

25、 will be delivered free charge within a ten-mile limit.He cant take charge the computer company because it is beyond his ability.withforof of 25.amount n.金额;数量v.总计,共计;相当于,等于（2)amount to等于;达到“许多/大量”集合:a number of只接可数名词复数。a great deal of,a great amount of(large amounts of)只接不可数名词。a lot of(lots of),ple

26、nty of,a large quantity of(large quantities of)既可修饰可数名词,也可修饰不可数名词。Large amounts of honey and butter(be)used to make this kind of snack.A large amount of money(be)spent on the construction of the school last year.The total sales of the company didnt amount more than a million dollars.26.approach n.接近

27、;方法;途径vt.接近;接洽;着手处理vi.靠近【归纳】at the approach of在快到的时候an approach to(doing)sth做某事的方法/途径【点拨】approach作名词时,后面常跟介词to,表示“的方法”,而way,method,means表示“方法”时后常跟介词of。The job market has changed and our approach to(find)work must change as well.(approach)the city centre,we saw a stone statue of about 10 metres in he

28、ight.werewastofindingApproaching27 generous adj.慷慨的；大方的；丰富的拓展：对某人很慷慨be generous to 乐于做某事be generous in 在某方面很大方:be generous with sth 某人做某事真是慷慨It is generous of sb to do sth.I couldnt have gone through that bitter period without your generous help.没有你的慷慨帮忙，我不可能熬过那段痛苦的日子。generously adv.慷慨大方地 generosity

29、 n.慷慨；大方28 butter n.黄油；奶油 vt 涂黄油于She buttered four thick slices of bread.她用黄油涂了四片厚面包。拓展：butter sb up 奉承某人 29.eager adj.渴望的;热切的 拓展：(1)be eager to do sth渴望做某事 be eager for sth渴望得到某物(2)eagerly adv.热切地;急切地(3)eagerness n.热切;渴望 with eagerness热切地;急切地 hide ones eagerness掩饰某人的渴望 As soon as we came to the new

30、 city,we found ourselves eager (have)a taste of local snacks and beer.The young man was eager a car after he graduated from college.to havefor30.roll v.（使）翻滚（使）滚动 n.卷轴；翻滚；小面包条；脂肪；名单拓展：a roll of film 一卷胶卷 a forward roll 前滚翻 roll in 大量涌入 roll sth out 将.轧平 The ball rolled down the hill.球滚下了山。Wallpaper

31、is sold in rolls.壁纸按卷销售31.greet vt.问候;迎接 greeting n.问候,招呼;问候语(复数)拓展：greet sb with sth 用和某人打招呼 be greeted with/by sth 对做出反应She greeted all the guests warmly as they arrived at her courtyard.客人来到她的院子时，她热情地向他们打招呼。32.honey n.蜂蜜 n.可爱的人honeyed adj.甜言蜜语的；味道像蜂蜜的 33.striking adj.引人注目的;显著的（strike -struck -str

32、uck/stricken）拓展：strike :罢工;侵袭;重创;打;碰撞;打动;敲钟;(钟)打点/报时 A striking image.引人注目的形象 There is a striking difference betweenTom and Peter.区别很大 34 crowd n.人群；一群人；民众 vt.挤满；使拥挤 拓展：a crowd of/crowds of:一大群;很多 crowd in(on sb):(想法/问题等)涌上心头;涌入 crowd into sth:大批涌入.crowded:adj.拥挤的;挤满的 be crowded with.:挤满Crowds of pe

33、ople poured into the street.人们成群结队涌上街头。I.填空。1.Only a minority(少数)of the people of that province wish to break_ and become independent.2.It occurred to me that she and I _belong)to different worlds.3.The country needs a_(防御)capability as insurance against the unexpected4.As is known to all,China has

34、made great _(成就)during the past decades5.Tims_(困惑的)expression suggested that he didnt understand what they had said巩固提升巩固提升awaybelongeddefenceachievements puzzled II.选词填空，注意形式。1.Flowers are chosen for their scent _their look.2.The young poet has _in improving the students writing skills.3.He is an h

35、onest man.He never takes anything that doesnt _ him.4.When Lincoln was elected President，the southern states _ the union and formed a new nation.5.I am puzzled that the water in the lake is not clear although it _ _green trees.as well as made an achievement belong to broke away frommakeanachievement

36、belongtoaswellasbreakawayfrombesurroundedby is surrounded by III.翻译句子。1.The house belonging to my grandfather was sold yesterday._2.In my opinion，marriage based on money is likely to break up_3.岛上有一座桥与大陆相连，去那里很方便。_4.我仍很困惑他们为什么要做此事。_ 1.属于我爷爷的房子昨天被卖掉了。属于我爷爷的房子昨天被卖掉了。2.在我看来，基于金钱的婚姻很容易瓦解。在我看来，基于金钱的婚姻很容易瓦解。3.Theisland,joinedtothemainlandbyabridge,iseasytogo./Itiseasytogototheislandwhichisjoinedtothemainlandbyabridge4.Theirreasonfordoingitisstillapuzzletome./Imstillpuzzledover/abouttheirreasonfordoingit.