Unit 5 Vocabulary单词知识点（ppt课件）-2022新人教版（2019）《高中英语》必修第一册.pptx

1、塑造某人的性格；形成某人的个性 shape ones character把视为 be regarded as n.欣赏；感激 appreciation重视/感激 appreciaten./pron./doing尊重某人 have high regard for sb关于;至于 as regards;in/with regard to；regarding（介词）adj.吝啬的；自私的；mean 对某人刻薄 be mean to sb意味着（做）.mean(doing)sth主修 major in大多数 a/the majority of 各种各样的 a(great/large/wide)vari

2、ety of=varieties of=various以.为基础 be based on/upon/on the basis of As China plays a greater role in global affairs,an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate Chinas culture and history through this amazing language.随着中国在随着中国在全球事务全球事务中扮演着更为重要的角色，中扮演着更为重要的角色，越越来越多来越多的国际学

3、生开始通过汉语这一奇妙的语言的国际学生开始通过汉语这一奇妙的语言了解和欣赏了解和欣赏中国的文化和历史。中国的文化和历史。（Vocabulary）Unit 5 Languages around the world CONTENTS 词汇拓展识记 重点词汇词性转换重点词汇词性转换 核心词汇讲解核心词汇讲解bonevocabularycalligraphysubwaydynastyapartment/flatclassic tonguebillion carve shellpantsgas/petrolDanishKoreanArabic FIFA重点词汇词性转换1._v.提到；参考；查阅提到；参考

4、；查阅_n.指称指称关系；参考关系；参考_n.裁判员；调解员裁判员；调解员2._vt.以以为据点；以为据点；以为基础为基础 n.根基；根基；底部底部；根据根据_adj.以以(某事某事)为基础的为基础的_ adj.基本的基本的_ adv.基本基本地地3._v.变化；各不相同变化；各不相同_n.多样化；多样化；品种品种；异体；异体_ adj.各种各样的；各种各种各样的；各种不同的不同的词性转换referreferencerefereebasebasedbasicbasicallyvaryvarietyvarious/varied4._adj.主要的；重要的主要的；重要的 v.主修；专攻主修；专攻

5、n.主修主修课程课程_ n.大部分；大多数大部分；大多数_adj.少数少数的的_ n.少少数数5._vt.欣赏；感激；领会欣赏；感激；领会_ n.感激；欣赏感激；欣赏6._ adj.相同的；同样的相同的；同样的 n.同等的人；相等物同等的人；相等物_adv.同样地；平等地同样地；平等地 _n.平等平等majormajorityminorminorityappreciateappreciationequalequallyequality7._n性格；特点性格；特点 _ n.特点；特性特点；特性 adj.独特的，特有的独特的，特有的8._ v.强烈要求强烈要求 n.要求；需求要求；需求_adj.要

6、求高的要求高的9._v.联系；讲述联系；讲述 _n.关系；联系关系；联系 _adj.相关的；有联系的相关的；有联系的 _n.亲戚亲戚 adj.相对的；相比较而言的相对的；相比较而言的 10._ nC，U描写；描述描写；描述 _ vt.描述；形容；描绘描述；形容；描绘charactercharacteristicdemanddemandingrelaterelationrelatedrelativedescriptiondescribe1.native adj.本地的；本国的；原产于某地的本地的；本国的；原产于某地的 n.本国人；本地人；本地的动物本国人；本地人；本地的动物 This plant

7、 whose flowers in spring is also native to Britain,especially in the eastern parts.The stranger,a native of the little town,had just returned after twelve years in the inland country.be native to/be home to 原产于原产于.；是是.的发源地的发源地a native of.的本地人；的本地人；原产于原产于.的动物（或植物）的动物（或植物）native country/land/language

8、祖国祖国/故乡故乡/母语母语 1.This is a plant native the eastern US.2.马克是一个土生土长的法国人。马克是一个土生土长的法国人。Mark is a .Mark is a .tonativeFrenchmannativeofFrance运运 用用2.attitude n.态度；看法态度；看法positive/negative/good/bad attitudean attitude to/towards.have/take/show a(n).attitude to/toward.an attitude of mind 积极积极/消极消极/好好/坏的态度

9、坏的态度对对的态度的态度/看法看法心态，思想方法心态，思想方法其他以后缀其他以后缀-itude结尾的词还有：结尾的词还有：altitude (n.海拔，高处海拔，高处)longitude (n.经度经度)latitude (n.纬度纬度)gratitude (n.感激之情，感谢感激之情，感谢)单句语法填空单句语法填空 It was your bad attitude _ your life that made your parents angry.链接写作链接写作补全句子补全句子 _ and stop complaining.尽力对每件事情都持积极的态度，停止抱怨。尽力对每件事情都持积极的态度

10、，停止抱怨。towards/toTry to have a positive attitude to/towards everythingWe each should develop a positive attitude to life.我们每个人都应该培养积极的人生态度。我们每个人都应该培养积极的人生态度。3.refer v.提到，谈及提到，谈及 reference n.参考，涉及，参考书目参考，涉及，参考书目 refer to 1.What does the underlined word“it”refer to?2.When giving the lecture,he referred

11、 to his note from time to time.3.You should refer this matter to our teacher for a decision.4.As far as I know,he is referred as a living Lei Feng.指的是指的是参考参考移交移交描述；被认为是描述；被认为是.归纳拓展归纳拓展(1)refer to.as.把把称作称作 refer.to.把把提交给提交给(2)reference n.言及；提及；参考；查阅言及；提及；参考；查阅 reference books 参考书；工具书参考书；工具书 in/with

12、reference to 关于关于 without reference to 与与无关，不管无关，不管同义短语：同义短语：regard/look on/treat/think of/view/consideras1.Smoking is usually a bad habit.抽烟通常被认为是一种坏习惯。抽烟通常被认为是一种坏习惯。2.Dont the dictionary while having an examination.考试时不准查词典。考试时不准查词典。3.In his speech,he a recent trip to Canada.他在讲演中提到了前不久的加拿大之行。他在讲演

13、中提到了前不久的加拿大之行。4.I am writing your job application.敬我写信是关于你的求职申请的。敬我写信是关于你的求职申请的。5.People who work in offices are usually referred to _“white collar workers”.referred to as refer toreferred towith reference to as4.base n./vt.(1)n.基底，总部，根据，基础，大本营，出发点基底，总部，根据，基础，大本营，出发点 adj.无根据的无根据的 adj.基础的，基本的基础的，基本的

14、adv.基本上，从根本上说基本上，从根本上说 n.基础，要素，根本基础，要素，根本 在在.的基础上的基础上baselessbasicbasicallybasison the basis of词块积累词块积累 production base生产基地生产基地air base 空军基地空军基地a research base 科研基地科研基地(2)vt.把把.建立在建立在.的基础上；以的基础上；以.为据点为据点_ 把把建立在建立在基础之上基础之上 以以.为基础为基础_以以.为据点，把为据点，把(总部等总部等)设在设在.base.on/uponbe based on/upon/on the basis

15、of base sb/sth/oneself in.1.The theory he put up (base)on his many years research,so it was practical.2.They have to have a (base)understanding of computers in order to use the advanced technology.3.On the (base)of a true story,the film attracted a lot of audience.was basedbasicbasis运运 用用句式升级句式升级The

16、 restaurant is based on trust，and it is working all right.同义句替换同义句替换_,the restaurant is working all right.(分词短语作状语分词短语作状语)The restaurant,is working all right.(定语从句定语从句)Based on trustwhich is based on trust拓 展 归 纳5.date back(to.)1date from追溯到;始于3up to date 时髦的5date back to 和 date from一般不用于进行时态和被动语态。作

17、后置定语时,需用现在分词形式。2date back to 追溯到;始于4out of date 过时的6 根据汉语补充句子 1.The Great Wall _ the third century B.C.万里长城建于公元前三世纪。2.Much of the information in that book is now _.那本书中有许多的信息现在已经过时了。3.The book is useful and quite _.那本书很漂亮,是最新式的。我向你强烈推荐的旅游景点是始于公元前478年的孔庙。The tourist attraction I strongly recommend to

18、 you is Confucius Temple_(定语从句）The tourist attraction I strongly recommend to you is Confucius Temple_（动词ing形式短语作定语dates fromout of dateup to date6.variety n.种类；变化；多样种类；变化；多样(化化)；多变；多变(性性)a(great/large/wide)variety of 各种各样的各种各样的=varieties of=variousa variety of+n.(pl)+谓语动词谓语动词复复数数 各种各样的各种各样的the vari

19、ety of+n.(pl)+谓语动词谓语动词单单数数 .的品种的品种vary v.相异；改变相异；改变vary from.to.从从.到到.不等；在不等；在.到到.之间变动之间变动vary in 在某方面不同在某方面不同vary with 随着随着.变化变化1.Anger seems simple when we are feeling it,but the causes of anger are _(vary)2.Visiting an apple event is a good chance to see,and often taste,a wide _(vary)of apples.3.

20、A great variety of flowers _(show)in the park last week,some of which were unfamiliar to me.variousvarietywere shown运运 用用4.The students work _.However,views on this problem _ .学生作业的质量参差不齐。然而，就学生作业的质量参差不齐。然而，就这个问题人人意见不一。这个问题人人意见不一。能力提升能力提升varies greatly in qualityvary from personto person5.Our school

21、 has built a new stadium.It has all kinds of well-equipped facilities.(2018高考全国卷高考全国卷)Our school has built a new stadium,_.(升级标红词；定语从句升级标红词；定语从句)which has various/varieties of/a variety of well-equipped facilities能力提升能力提升7.major n主修主修(科目科目)；主修；主修 v.主修主修 adj.主要的；主修的主要的；主修的(1)主修主修(2)n大多数大多数 大多数大多数 占大多

22、数占大多数(3)n.专业专业major inmajoritya/the majority of be in the/a majority major1.Tom played a (majority)in the improvement of teaching.2.After graduation at home,she came to the University ofCambridge,where she majored maths and physics.3.I guessed that there was probably a (major)misunderstanding.major

23、in major运运 用用8.mean adj.吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的；刻薄的吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的；刻薄的 自主排查自主排查单句语法填空单句语法填空 She is not generous at all;she is always mean _ her money.In some parts of London,missing a bus means_(wait)for another hour.Dont be so mean _ your friends,or you will lose them.These chairs are meant _the guests.with waitin

24、gtofor(1)_在某方面吝啬在某方面吝啬 _ _ 对某人刻薄对某人刻薄(2)_ _ 打算做打算做.有意做有意做._ _ 意味着意味着（做做）._ _ 打算做打算做.用用 =_=_be mean with.be mean to sbmean to do sth.mean(doing)sthbe meant for/to do sth 考点归纳考点归纳be designed for/to do sth(3)_ _ n.方法；途径方法；途径(单复数同形单复数同形)_ _ 用用.方式方式 _ _ 通过这种方法通过这种方法 借助借助手段；手段；依靠依靠方法方法 _ _ 绝不；无论如何也不绝不；无论如

25、何也不 (置于句首时要部分倒装置于句首时要部分倒装)_ _没问题；当然行没问题；当然行(4)_ _ n.意义意义 _ _ adj.有意义的有意义的 _ _ adj.无意义的无意义的means by means of meaningfulmeaninglessmeaningby this meansby no meansby all means1.Just as a single word can change the (mean)of a sentence,a single sentence can change the meaning of paragraph.2.Bob is determ

26、ined to get a seat for the concert even though it means (stand)in line all night for the ticket.3.The rich boss,who is mean his workers,is so mean money that he doesnt mean donate a penny to help those in need.你最好事先练习用筷子，这也是展示你良好餐桌礼仪的一种方式。你最好事先练习用筷子，这也是展示你良好餐桌礼仪的一种方式。And youd better practice using c

27、hopsticks in advance,which is also_ meaningstandingtowithto运运 用用regardre再gard看护review v.复习reunion n.团圆restart v.重新开始reconstruction n.重建regarding prep.关于regards n.问候，致意give ones regards to sb.向致意as regards;in/with regard to 关于;至于regard as 把看作是常用表达9.regard n.尊重尊重;关注关注 vt.把把视为视为;看待看待语境辨义语境辨义 Mike had h

28、igh regard for his old law professor._ Please give my best regards to your parents._ Lincoln is regarded as one of the most inspiring people in the world._ The teenager has no regard for other peoples feelings._尊重尊重致意致意把把视为视为将将置之度外置之度外1.I novels I have ever read.我认为这是我读过的最好的小说中的一部。我认为这是我读过的最好的小说中的一部

29、。2.She other peoples feelings.她无视别人的感受。她无视别人的感受。3.his suggestions,we shall discuss them fully.关于你的建议，我们将充分讨论。关于你的建议，我们将充分讨论。regard this novel as one of the besthas no regard forIn regard to 运运 用用10.character n.文字，符号；角色；品质；特点_适合；相称适合；相称_ 不符合某人的性格；不适合不符合某人的性格；不适合_ 磨炼个性磨炼个性_ 塑造某人的性格；形成某人塑造某人的性格；形成某人的个性

30、的个性in characterbuild(up)characterout of charactershape ones character(1)理解；意识到；领会理解；意识到；领会He didnt fully appreciate the significance of signing the contract(合同合同).Im really appreciate his talent of language.(2)欣赏，赏识；重视；鉴赏欣赏，赏识；重视；鉴赏I would appreciate it if you can give me some advice.(3)感激，感谢感激，感谢11

31、.appreciate vt.欣赏；感激；意识到欣赏；感激；意识到Vi.增值、升值1.The value of his work is still appreciating.2.Their investments have appreciated over the years.appreciate 一般用一般用名词、代词或动名词名词、代词或动名词充当宾语，充当宾语，但不能接不定式作宾语。当但不能接不定式作宾语。当appreciate，hate，dislike，love，like，depend/rely on等词后接宾语从句时，一般等词后接宾语从句时，一般先加先加it(形式宾语形式宾语)，再接宾

32、语从句，再接宾语从句 _ 重视重视/感激感激 _ 假如假如，我将不胜感激，我将不胜感激appreciaten./pron./v.-ingI would appreciate it if.I hate it when people cry.I dislike it when people talk with their mouths full.Id appreciate it if you let me get on with my job._ n.欣赏；感激欣赏；感激 _ 表达对某人的感激之情表达对某人的感激之情 _ adj.欣赏的；感激的欣赏的；感激的 特别提醒：特别提醒：appreciat

33、e不用于进行不用于进行时时.appreciate和和thank都可表示都可表示“感激，感谢感激，感谢”，但，但appreciate的宾语一般是的宾语一般是sth,而而thank的宾语一般是的宾语一般是sb,常构成常构成“thank sb for sth.”。appreciationexpress ones appreciation/thanks to sb.for sth.appreciative 1.I appreciate_(give)the opportunity to work in your company two years ago.2.Here I sincerely expre

34、ss my _(appreciate)if you could help adapt the text Pygmalion into a short play.(2020高考全国卷高考全国卷)being givenappreciation运运 用用能力提升能力提升一句多译一句多译(2018天津卷书面表达天津卷书面表达)如果你给我们一些有关如何改进我们机如果你给我们一些有关如何改进我们机器人的建议我将感激不尽。器人的建议我将感激不尽。1._ if you could give us some advice on how to improve our robots.2._if you you co

35、uld give us some advice on how to improve our robots.I would appreciate itId be grateful 1.China _（扮演重要角色）in global affairs.2.She encourages me to _（主修）French in college.3._（大多数学生）find it hard to learn math.4.I can make a living _（通过教英语的方式)5._（决不）can you give up when you are in trouble.6.Watching fi

36、lms _（被认为是）a good means of entertainment.7._（关于）his suggestions,we shall discuss them fully.8._（我非常感激能有这个机会）study further in China.9._（我将不胜感激如果.）you could give me some advice on how to learn English.plays a major role inmajor inThe majority of studentsby means of teaching EnglishBy no means/In no se

37、nseis regarded/considered asIn/With regard to/RegardingI appreciate being given the chance toId appreciate it if 46neithernor既不,也不(并列)neither或nor单独位于句首，句子用部分倒装1.Either I or you responsible for the project.2.Neither his family nor he （know）anything about the truth.自主发现struggle _ sth努力做某事；挣扎着做某事strugg

38、le for.为而斗争struggle _.与作斗争_ 挣扎着站起来 to doagainst/withstruggle to ones feet1.struggle n.&vi.斗争；奋斗；搏斗 巩固内化完成语段Farmers always have to _ a living.They often _ the bad weather _ a better harvest.Some of them even have to leave their hometown and go to work in cities,_ increase their income.农民一直都得为了生存而努力，他

39、们经常与恶劣的天气作斗争来争取有个好点的收成，他们中的一些人甚至不得不离开家乡到大城市打工，努力增加他们的收入。struggle for struggle against/with forstruggling toin view of 由于；鉴于由于；鉴于come into view 进入视野；映入眼帘进入视野；映入眼帘“在某人看来在某人看来”in ones view/opinion/eyes from ones point of viewas far as sb concerned from the perspective of sb2.point of view 观点，看法观点，看法在我看

40、来，通过这些活动你可以更好地了解春节。在我看来，通过这些活动你可以更好地了解春节。1._,you can have a better understanding of the Spring Festival through the activities.2._,you can have a better understanding of the Spring Festival through the activities.3._,you can have a better understanding of the Spring Festival through the activities.运

41、运 用用In my opinion/viewAs far as Im concernedFrom my point of view自主发现beg to do sth恳求/祈求做某事beg sb _ sth 恳求某人做某事beg(sb)_ sth 恳求(某人)某物beg sth _ sb 向某人恳求/乞讨某物词块积累I beg of you.求求你了。to doforfrom3.beg(begged，begged，begging)vt.恳求；祈求；哀求；乞讨；行乞巩固内化单句语法填空/补全句子I was surrounded by people begging _ food.She begged

42、 me _(say)nothing to his father.We saw children _(beg)on the streets.forto saybegging4.equal v.等于；抵得上等于；抵得上 adj.相等的；胜任的；相等的；胜任的；平等的平等的 n.同等的人；相等的物同等的人；相等的物 自主排查自主排查写出下列中写出下列中equal 的词性及含义的词性及含义1.Any man will be equal to the task,as long as he is careful.You should give it a try.2.Be positive and chee

43、rful,for your mental health is equal to your physical health.3.Little joy can equal that of a surprising ending when you read stories.4.Beethoven was a world-famous musician,who had no equal in music.adj.胜任的胜任的adj.同等的同等的 vt.等于；抵得上等于；抵得上 n.同等的人同等的人1.v.等于；抵得上；等于；抵得上；A equals B in A在在方面等于方面等于B2.adj.相等的

44、；胜任的相等的；胜任的be equal to(接名词接名词/代词代词/动名词）动名词）与与相等；能应付相等；能应付/胜任胜任be equal with 与与相等相等be equal in 在某方面相等在某方面相等3.n.同等的人；相等物同等的人；相等物be without equal=have no equal 无与伦比无与伦比考点归纳考点归纳表示表示“胜任胜任.”：be up to/be fit/qualified for1.I dont think he is equal to _(do)this kind of work.2.As far as Im concerned,men and

45、women must be treated _(equal)in education.3.His statues _in the Western world now.现在他的雕塑在西方世界无与伦比。现在他的雕塑在西方世界无与伦比。doingequallyare without equal/have no equal运运 用用能力提升能力提升一句多译一句多译尽管我年轻，我胜任这个志愿者工作。尽管我年轻，我胜任这个志愿者工作。Young as I was,_(equal)Although I was young,_(fit)Young as I was,_(qualified)I am equal

46、 to the voluntary work.I am fit for the voluntary work.I am qualified for the voluntary work.(1)demand for 要求（n.）a demand for higher pay 增加工资的要求(2)in demand 需要；急需（n.）(3)demand sth.from/of sb.向某人要求某物(4)demand to do sth.要求做某事(5)meet/satisfy ones demands满足需要 (6)demand+that 从句要用虚拟语气,:“(should)+V原”(7)dem

47、anding adj.要求很高的；费力的5.demand n.需求；要求需求；要求 vt.强烈要求强烈要求 她从不向她父母要东西。She demands nothing _ her parents.我坚决要求见经理。I demanded _(see)the manager.Teachers are demand in this area.这个地区非常需要教师I demand that you _(finish)your homework.from/ofto seein(should)finish(1)beyond description无法形容，难以描述无法形容，难以描述give a desc

48、ription of.描写描写/描述描述(2)describe vt.描述；形容；描绘描述；形容；描绘describe as 把把称为称为,描述描述为为(3)descriptive adj.描写的，叙述的，说明的描写的，叙述的，说明的6.description n.描写描写(文字文字)；形容；形容 1.He gave us a short description of the city.翻译翻译2.It is difficult _(describe)how I feel now.3.The beautiful sight of Mount Huang _.黄山的美景是无法形容的。黄山的美景是

49、无法形容的。to describeis beyond description运运 用用他给我们简短地介绍了这个城市。他给我们简短地介绍了这个城市。(1)relate to与与相关；涉及；谈到相关；涉及；谈到 relate sth to sb 向某人叙述向某人叙述/讲述某事讲述某事(2)related adj.有关的有关的 be related to 与与有关有关(3)relation n.关系；联系关系；联系 relative n.亲属，亲戚亲属，亲戚 adj.相对的，相关联的相对的，相关联的 7.relate vt.联系；讲述联系；讲述1.We shall discuss the probl

50、em as it relates our specific case.2.What he stressed was_(relate)to teenagers education.3.It is said that the short English film .据说这部英文短片主要与我们学校发展有关。据说这部英文短片主要与我们学校发展有关。运运 用用torelatedis mainly related to the development of our school (1)_ 在某人方便时在某人方便时(2)_ adj.方便的，便利的；近而方便的方便的，便利的；近而方便的 _ (对某人来说对某人