Unit 4 Reading and thinking 课文详解（ppt课件）-2022新人教版（2019）《高中英语》必修第二册.pptx

1、必修二 U4 History and traditions历史与传统Reading and Thinking 阅读课 课文详解课件课文第一段语法和短语讲解 The first paragraph：Explaination of its grammar and phrases.The United Kingdom,Great Britain,Britain,England-many people are confused by 被困惑于what these different names mean意味着.So what is the difference between them,if any如

2、果有的话?动名词短语作主语will help you solve this puzzle解决这个谜题.In the 16th century,在16世纪the nearby附近的 country of Wales was joined to被加入到 the Kingdom王国 of England.Later,in the 18th century,the country Scotland 苏格兰was joined to 被加入到create创造 the Kingdom of Great Britain大不列颠王国.In the 19th century,the Kingdom of lre

3、land爱尔兰 was added 被添加to create 创造the United Kingdom of Great Britain and lreland.大不列颠和爱尔兰联合王国 Finally,in the 20th century,the southern part of lreland broke away from 脱离the UK,which resulted in 导致the full name 全称we have（定语从句）today:the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.大不列颠和北爱尔兰联合王

4、国Most people just use the shortened name简称（过去分词作定语）:the United Kingdom or the UK.People from the UK are called Britishwhich means the UK is also often referred to 指的是as Britain or Great Britain.课文第二段：语法和短语讲解The second paragraph：Explaination of its grammar and phrases.The four countries that belong t

5、o从属于 the United Kingdom work together 紧密合作in some areas地区，领域.They use the same flag旗帜,known as the Union Jack过去分词短语作定语,as well as 也；和 share 分享the same currency货币 and military defence军事防御.However,they also have some differences.For example,England,Wales,Scotland,and Northern Ireland all have differen

6、t education systems 教育制度and Legal systems.法律制度 They also have their own traditions传统,like像 their own national days 国庆日and national dishes本国菜肴.And they even have their own football teams for competitions比赛 like the World Cup世界杯!课文第三段：语法和短语讲解The third paragraph：Explaination of its grammar and phrases.

7、The United Kingdom has a long and interesting history to explore,有一个长的和有趣 的历史等你去探索which 非限制性定语从句can help you understand much more about the country and its traditions传统.Almost everywhere you go in the UK,you will be surrounded by 被包围着 evidence 证据of four different groups of people who took over 占领；接管

8、at different times 在不同时期throughout history.贯穿整个历史 The first group,the Romans,came in the first century.在一世纪 Some of their great achievements 成就included 包括building towns and roads,Next,the Anglo-Saxons arrived in the fifth century.在五世纪They introduced引进 the beginnings of the Enqlish lanauage,英语的雏形 and

9、 changed the way people built houses.定语从句课文第四段：语法和短语讲解 The fourth paragraph：Explaination of its grammar and phrases.第四段：The fourth paragraph：The Vikings came in the eighth century,在八世纪left behind 留下lots of new vocabulary词汇,and also the names of many locations 地方across the UK.The last group were the

10、Normans.诺曼人 They conquered 征服England after the well-known Battle of Hastings 著名的黑斯廷斯战役in the 11th century.They had castles built 使城堡被建all around England遍及英国,and made changes to the legal system,改革了法律制度 The Normans were French,so many French words slowly entered 进入into the English lanquage.课文第五段：语法和短

11、语讲解The fifth paragraph：Explaination of its grammar and phrases.There is so much more to learn about了解 the interesting history and culture文化 of the United Kingdom.Studying the history of the country 动名词短语作主语will make your visit much more enjoyable更愉快.The capital city London is a great place to start,

12、as it is an ancient port city 古老的港口城市that has a history dating all the way back to Roman times一直追溯到罗马时期.There are countless historic sites不计其数的历史遗址 to explore,and lots of museums with ancient relics古代遗址 from all over the UK.The UK is a fascinating 迷人的mix混合物 of history and modern culture,with both ne

13、w and old traditions.If you keep your eyes open,留心；留意you will be surprised to find that you can see both its past and its present现在.拓展阅读讲解：The explaination of the expending reading materials.Viking,Danish Invasions and the Norman Conquest 维京、丹麦人的入侵和诺曼征服 The Norwegians 挪威人and the Danes丹麦人 attacked攻击

14、various 各种各样的，不同的parts of England from the end of the 8th century.They became a serious problem成为一个而严重的问题 in the 9th century,especially between 835 and 878.They even managed to设法 capture 占领York约克郡,an important center of Christianity 基督教in 867.By the middle of 9th century,the Viking维京人 and the Danes

15、丹麦人were posing a threat 威胁to the Saxon 萨克森kingdom of Wessex.威萨克斯王国Current News Reading Text of Xis signed article on Saudi media习近平在沙特阿拉伯媒体发表署名文章Carrying Forward Our Millennia-old Friendship and Jointly Creating a Better Future 传承千年友好，共创美好未来 中华人民共和国主席习近平 Xi Jinping President of the Peoples Republic

16、of China I am coming back to Riyadh,bringing with me profound friendship from the Chinese people.I am here to join my Arab friends for the first China-Arab States Summit and the first China-Gulf Cooperation Council(GCC)Summit and to pay a state visit to Saudi Arabia.带着中国人民的深情厚谊，我再次来到利雅得，同阿拉伯朋友一道召开首届

17、中国阿拉伯国家峰会、Designed as a trip of building on the past and more importantly,of opening up a better future,the visit will carry forward our traditional friendship,and usher in a new era in Chinas relations with the Arab world,with Arab states of the Gulf,and with Saudi Arabia.这是一次传承之旅，更是一次开创之旅，目的是发扬光大中

18、阿、中海、中沙传统友好，开启中国同阿拉伯世界、海湾阿拉伯国家、沙特阿拉伯关系新时代。First,a time-honored friendship that goes back thousands of years一、千年友谊，源远流长 The exchanges between China and Arab states date back more than 2,000 years.中国和阿拉伯国家的交往可以追溯到2000多年前。The constant streams of caravans along the land Silk Road and the billowing sails

19、 along the maritime Spice Road have borne witness to how the Chinese and Arab civilizations interacted with and inspired each other across the Asian continent.从那时起，陆上丝绸之路商旅络绎，海上香料之路云帆高张，中阿文明在亚洲大陆两端相映生辉。It was through these exchanges that Chinese porcelain and paper-making and printing techniques wer

20、e introduced to the West while Arab astronomy,calendar and medicine went all the way to the East.We have traded goods,sparked innovation,shared ideas,and spread the fruits of cultural exchanges to the rest of the world,leaving a splendid chapter in East-West engagement and mutual learning.中国的瓷器、造纸术、

21、印刷术一路西行，阿拉伯的天文、历法、医药万里东来。我们互通有无，启迪创新，碰撞思想，把文明交流的成果传播四海，书写了东西交融、互学互鉴的历史佳话。The contacts between China and Arab states of the Gulf are well documented.中国和海湾阿拉伯国家的交往经由史籍流传至今。During the Eastern Han Dynasty,Gan Ying,a Chinese emissary,reached the western seas,namely the Gulf,on his mission to the Roman Em

22、pire.中国东汉时期，甘英奉命出使，“临西海以望大秦”，This is the first official record of Chinese envoys reaching Arab states of the Gulf.留下中国使者到达海湾阿拉伯国家的最早官方记载。More than 1,200 years ago,an Arab navigator,Abu Obeida,sailed from Sohar Port to the Chinese city of Guangzhou on a legendary journey that was later adapted to the

23、 exciting and well-known adventures of Sindbad.1200多年前，阿拉伯航海家奥贝德从苏哈尔港出发到达中国广州，这段传奇经历被演绎成精彩的辛巴达历险故事，脍炙人口。In the 1980s,a replica ship named the Sohar retraced the route opened by ancient Arab navigators,connecting the past and present friendly interactions between the two sides.上世纪80年代，仿古制造的“苏哈尔”号重走古代

24、阿拉伯航海家开辟的航路，连通双方友好交往的历史和现实。China and Saudi Arabia have admired each other and conducted friendly exchanges since ancient times.自古以来，中国和沙特相互欣赏、友好往来。The prophet Muhammad said,Seek knowledge even if you have to go as far as China.先知穆罕默德曾说：“知识，虽远在中国，亦当求之”。Seven hundred years ago,Wang Dayuan,a Chinese tr

25、aveler of the Yuan Dynasty,arrived at Mecca which he described as a place with beautiful sceneries,mild weather,fertile rice fields,and a happy people in his book A Brief Account of Islands.It was an important book from which the Chinese learned about Saudi Arabia at that time.700年前，中国元代汪大渊曾到达麦加，描绘麦

26、加“风景融合，四时之春，田沃稻饶，居民乐业”，他的岛夷志略成为中国了解古代沙特的重要文献。Six hundred years ago,Zheng He,a Chinese navigator of the Ming Dynasty,reached Jeddah and Medina on his oceangoing voyages,leaving behind him many stories of friendship and exchanges that are still widely told today.600年前，中国明代航海家郑和多次远航到达吉达、麦地那等地，传播友好、增进交流

27、，至今为人们乐道。The joint Chinese-Saudi archaeological excavation of the ruins of the al Serrian port conducted in recent years has unearthed many porcelain wares of Chinas Song and Yuan dynasties.They stand as testaments to all those friendly interactions.过去几年，中沙联合开展塞林港遗址考古，出土的大量中国宋代、元代瓷器诉说着两国友好的过往。Second

28、,solidarity and cooperation for a China-Arab community with a shared future in the new era二、团结合作，构建面向新时代的中阿命运共同体The Arab world is an important member of the developing world and a key force for upholding international fairness and justice.阿拉伯世界是发展中国家重要成员，是维护国际公平正义的重要力量。The Arab people value independ

29、ence,oppose external interference,stand up to power politics and high-handedness,and always seek to make progress.阿拉伯人民崇尚独立自主，反对外部干涉，不畏强权霸道，是追求进步的人民。Arab states are endowed with diverse resources,and have built industries with distinctive features,scored remarkable achievements in development,and de

30、monstrated enormous potentials.阿拉伯国家资源禀赋多元，产业特色鲜明，建设成就斐然，是极具潜力的国家。The Arab civilization advocates the middle way and moderation,encourages inclusiveness and mutual learning,opposes clash of civilizations,and is deeply rooted in its rich culture and history.阿拉伯文明倡导中道平和，鼓励包容互鉴，反对文明冲突，是底蕴深厚的文明。Be it on

31、 the world political,economic or cultural map,Arab states always claim an important place.在世界政治、经济、文明版图中，阿拉伯国家占据重要地位。Since the 1950s,China has established diplomatic relations with all Arab states.Their interactions feature mutual understanding,mutual respect,mutual assistance and solidarity.They ha

32、ve become good friends treating each other as equals,good partners pursuing mutual benefit,and good brothers sharing weal and woe.上世纪50年代以来，中国同阿拉伯国家陆续建交，双方相互理解、相互尊重、守望相助、风雨同舟，成为平等相待的好朋友、互惠互利的好伙伴、同甘共苦的好兄弟。In the 21st century,China-Arab relations have continued to move ahead against a fluid internatio

33、nal landscape,and achieved historic leapfrog growth in political trust,mutually beneficial economic cooperation,and cultural mutual learning in both breadth and depth.进入21世纪，中阿关系在国际风云变幻中砥砺前进，政治互信、经济互利、文明互鉴的广度和深度实现历史性跨越。In the past decade,China-Arab relations entered a new era and registered a series

34、 of landmark and groundbreaking achievements in various areas.过去10年，中阿关系进入新时代，各领域取得一系列标志性、突破性成就。Collectively,China has established a future-oriented strategic partnership of comprehensive cooperation and common development with all Arab states.中国同阿拉伯国家集体建立全面合作、共同发展、面向未来的战略伙伴关系，Individually,China has

35、 established comprehensive strategic partnership or strategic partnership with 12 Arab states,同12个阿拉伯国家建立全面战略伙伴关系或战略伙伴关系，and signed documents on Belt and Road cooperation with 20 Arab states.同20个阿拉伯国家签署共建“一带一路”合作文件。Among Arab countries,17 have expressed support for the Global Development Initiative(

36、GDI),17个阿拉伯国家支持全球发展倡议，15 have become members of the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank,15个阿拉伯国家成为亚洲基础设施投资银行成员国，and 14 have participated in the China-League of Arab States Cooperation Initiative on Data Security.14个阿拉伯国家参与中阿数据安全合作倡议Arab states firmly support the one-China principle and support Chin

37、a in safeguarding its core interests.阿拉伯国家坚定支持一个中国原则，支持中国维护核心利益。Likewise,China supports Arab states in upholding sovereignty,independence,and territorial integrity.On issues such as the Palestinian question,Chinas firm support for Arab states has been consistent and unwavering.中国支持阿拉伯国家维护主权独立和领土完整，在

38、巴勒斯坦等问题上对阿拉伯国家的坚定支持始终如一、从未缺席。Major infrastructure projects jointly built by the two sides,including the Djamaa El Djazair mosque of Algeria,the Lusail Stadium of Qatar,the new headquarters of the Central Bank of Kuwait,as well as the Merowe Dam,the Roseires Dam heightening,and the Upper Atbara Dams

39、Complex Project of Sudan,have become landmarks of China-Arab friendship.双方合作建设的阿尔及利亚嘉玛大清真寺、卡塔尔卢塞尔球场、科威特中央银行新总部大楼、苏丹麦洛维大坝、罗赛雷斯大坝加高、上阿特巴拉水利枢纽等重大项目，成为中阿友好地标。China has set up 20 Confucius institutes and two Confucius classrooms in Arab states.And over 40 Chinese universities teach Arabic as a major,contributing inexhaustible energy for growing China-Arab friendship.中国在阿拉伯国家开设20所孔子学院、2个孔子课堂，中国40多所高校开设阿拉伯语专业，为中阿友好源源不断培养新生力量。Thank you!