Unit 5 单词精讲（ppt课件）-2022新人教版（2019）《高中英语》必修第一册.pptx

1、Unit 5 Languages around the worldVocabulary1.system2.factor3.bone4.shell5.symbol6.carve7.dynasty8.dialect17.apartment18.pants19.gap20.vocabulary21.description22.specific23.global Less important vocabulary9.character10.calligraphy11.affair12.tongue 13.semester14.gas15.petrol16.subway1.systemeducation

2、 systemheating system/sstm/n.体系；制度；系统体系；制度；系统供热系统教育系统2.factor/fkt(r)/n.因素；要素因素；要素Being addicted to computer games is one of the factors for the drop in grades.3.boneBones are dogs favorite./bn/n.骨头；骨骨头；骨(质质)Oracle bone 甲骨文:马4.shellTurtles have very hard shell./el/n.壳；壳状物壳；壳状物seashell贝壳5.symbolThe do

3、ve is a symbol of peace./smbl/n.符号；象征符号；象征symbolize (v.)象征，代表象征，代表The dove symbolizes peace.6.carve The dragon was carved by a famous artist./k:v/vt.&vi 雕刻雕刻7.dynastyThe Qin Dynasty unfied the other six states./dansti/n.王朝；朝代王朝；朝代8.dialectthe local dialect/dalekt/n.方言方言9.character1.They are the main

4、 characters in A Journey to the West./krkt(r)/n.文字文字;符号符号;角色角色;品质品质;特点特点personalitycharacteristic2.How many characters is the monkeys name?3.What are the characters of Sun Wukong?孙悟空-three charactersbrave,powerful,loyal文字文字角色角色品质、特点品质、特点A Journey to the West10.calligraphythe calligraphy of Huang Tin

5、gjian/klrfi/n.书法书法;书法艺术书法艺术 the great calligrapher 书法家11.affairThe World Cup is an international affair./fe(r)/n.公共事务公共事务;事件事件;关系关系12.tongue1.The noodles are too hot.My tongue is burning now./t/n.舌头；语言舌头；语言2.Chinese is our mother tongue.母语13.semesterWe have a lot of online classes this semester./sme

6、st(r)/n.学期学期14.gas15.petrol/gs/n.汽油汽油;/petrl/the gas/petrol station(AmE)(BrE)n.气体气体SO2 is a kind of poisonous gas.加油站加油站16.subway/sbwe/n.(BrE)地铁地铁underground17.apartmentflat/p:tmnt/n.(AmE)公寓套房公寓套房More and more young people prefer to live in an apartment.18.pants/pnts/n.pl.(NAmE)裤子裤子(BrE)内裤；短裤；内裤；短裤；

7、(AmE)underpants19.gap/gp/n.间隔间隔;开口开口;差距差距Leave a gap of one meter while getting a nucleic acid test.核酸检测generation gap 代沟20.vocabulary/vkbjlri/n.词汇词汇We have to master a vocabulary of 3,500 before Gaokao.21.descriptiondescribe (v.)/dskrpn/n.描写描写(文字文字)；形容；形容Our thanks to the medical workers and volunt

8、eers are beyond wordsdescription.无以言表22.specificWe have to set a specific goal in our study./spsfk/adj.特定的特定的;明确的明确的;具体的具体的23.globalThe global warming makes the ice melt./glbl/adj.全球的全球的;全世界的全世界的全球变暖gas/petrolvocabularyapartment/flatsystemdynastysubway/undergroundThe World Cup is an international af

9、fair.We have to set a specific goal in our study.Being addicted to computer games is one of the factors for the drop in grades.The dove is a symbol of peace.boneshellcharacterclassicglobalcarvecalligraphydialect1.system2.factor3.bone4.shell5.symbol6.carve7.dynasty8.dialect17.apartment18.pants19.gap2

10、0.vocabulary21.description22.specific23.global Less important vocabulary9.character10.calligraphy11.affair12.tongue 13.semester14.gas15.petrol16.subway重难点词精讲appreciatebaserefer tomajor meansregarddemandstrugglevarietybeg Very important vocabulary百千万十万百万千万亿十亿百亿千亿万亿hundredthousandten thousandhundred t

11、housandmillionten millionhundred millionbillionten billionhundred billiontrillion翻译下列短语hundreds ofthousands ofmillions oftens of thousands ofhundreds of thousands of成百上千的数以十万计的；不计其数的数以百万计的数以万计的成千上万的billionaire 亿万富翁be native to.原产于原产于a native of.本地人；原产于本地人；原产于的动的动物或植物物或植物词块积累 native country/land/lang

12、uage 祖国祖国 故乡故乡 母语母语 2.native adj.出生地的；本地的；土著的出生地的；本地的；土著的 n.（C）本地人本地人活学巧用活学巧用单句语法填空单句语法填空The researcher says the tiger is native _ India.Is her uncle a native _ Shanghai,or just a visitor?马克是一个土生土长的法国人。Mark is a .Mark is a .toofnativeFrenchmannativeofFrance链接写作链接写作补全句子补全句子During their visit to that

13、country，they _.在他们访问那个国家期间，他们与当地人愉快地交流。在他们访问那个国家期间，他们与当地人愉快地交流。communicated with natives happily3.attitude n.态度；看法态度；看法have/show/take/develop a(n).attitude to/towards.对对持持/采取采取/培养培养的态度的态度towards/toTry to have a positive attitude to/towards everything我们应该培养积极的人生态度。我们应该培养积极的人生态度。We should develop a po

14、sitive attitude to life.活学巧用活学巧用单句语法填空单句语法填空It was your bad attitude _ your life that made your parents angry.链接写作链接写作补全句子补全句子_ and stop complaining.尽力对每件事情都持积极的态度，停止抱怨。尽力对每件事情都持积极的态度，停止抱怨。attitude容易和以下词混淆：容易和以下词混淆：(n.经度经度)(n.纬度纬度)(n.感激之情，感谢）感激之情，感谢）(n.震级，重大震级，重大)(n.海拔，高处海拔，高处)其他以后缀其他以后缀-itude结尾的词还有

15、：结尾的词还有：altitudelongitude latitude gratitude magnitude 4.refer refer to(1)指的是；描述；涉及，与指的是；描述；涉及，与相关相关This paragraph refers to the events of last year.(2)谈及，提到，说起（谈及，提到，说起（speak of/about）In his speech,he didnt refer to the problem at all.(3)查阅查阅,参考，征询参考，征询You can refer to my notes when you review what

16、 you studied.常用搭配：(1)refer.to.把把提交给提交给；让；让(人人)参考参考refer to sb./sth.as sth.把把称作称作(2)reference n.提及提及，涉及；参考，参考书目；指称关系，涉及；参考，参考书目；指称关系in/with reference to (所述内容所述内容)关于关于vi.提到；参考 vt.查询-referred-referred-referring 注意：refer to 和和look up都可以表示都可以表示“查阅，参考查阅，参考”，但两者是有，但两者是有区别的：区别的：refer to+工具书工具书或或资料资料，如，如词典、

17、笔记、参考书词典、笔记、参考书等。等。look up+需要需要查找的对象查找的对象，如，如单词、短语单词、短语等，等，“look up sth in”（当（当sth为代词时，应置于为代词时，应置于look与与up之间）之间）If you dont know what it means,refer to the dictionary.=If you dont know what it means,look it up in the dictionary.活学巧用活学巧用语境辨义语境辨义/单句语法填空单句语法填空Since the boy has been punished，please dont

18、 refer to that matter again.When I said some people were stupid I wasnt referring to you.They always refer to the shy teenager _ a book worm.Here is a brochure for your _(refer)when you answer the phones.提到提到指的是指的是 asreference链接写作链接写作补全句子补全句子_ if you have any difficulty in learning English.如果你学英语有困难

19、，可以参考这本词典。如果你学英语有困难，可以参考这本词典。You can refer to this dictionaryde 去掉，变坏，分离，向下词汇记忆detrain destruction deforest devalue depress decode “尽管”的多种表达：5.despitedspat prep.尽管 in spite of although/though+句子下火车破坏，毁坏砍伐森林降低价值压抑，使人抑郁破译despite+v.-ing（）despite+n./what 从句（）despite+that 从句（）despite the fact+that 从句（）1.

20、She was good at physics _ the fact that she found it boring.2.Despite_ （exercise）regularly,he is still overweight.3.尽管困难重重，他仍竭尽全力去克服困难。幸运的是，他的努力得到了回报。Despite_ Although_,he made every effort to overcome difficulties.Fortunately,his efforts paid off.练习巩固despite/in spite ofexercisingdespite a great dea

21、l of hardship,he made every effort to overcome difficulties.Fortunately,his efforts paid off.there is a great deal of hardship后接后接名词、代词或动词名词、代词或动词-ing,不能接从句，相当于不能接从句，相当于in spite ofback and forth here and thereday and night in and out the pros and conson and off拓展归纳6.ups and downs 兴衰；浮沉；起落；悲欢日以继夜来回地,

22、反复地进进出出赞成和反对断断续续地各处，到处We may have a sea of ups and downs in our life journey.7.base n./vt.(1)n.基底，总部，根据，基础，大本营，出发点 adj.无根据的 adj.基础的，基本的 adv.基本上，从根本上说 n.基础，要素，根本 在.的基础上baselessbasicbasicallybasison the basis of词块积累词块积累 production baseair base a research base (2)vt.把.建立在.的基础上；以.为据点_ 把建立在基础之上 _ 以.为基础ba

23、se.on/uponbe based on/upon/on the basis ofon a regular basis=often 生产基地生产基地空军基地空军基地科研基地科研基地1.The theory he put up (base)on his many years research,so it was practical.2.They have to have a (base)understanding of computers in order to use the advanced technology.3.On the (base)of a true story,the fil

24、m attracted a lot of audience.was basedbasicbasisApplication句式升级 The restaurant is based on trust，and it is working all right.同义句替换 _,the restaurant is working all right.(分词短语作状语)The restaurant,is working all right.(定语从句)Based on trustwhich is based on trust8.date back to 追溯到1)The classic architectu

25、re can the 12th century.2)The history of their family dates back hundreds of years and the house where they live dates back to the 18th century.注意：date back to 不用于被动语态，也不用于进行时态，但在句中可以用现在分词短语作后置定语。（date）back to the 13th century,Cambridge is the university in Britain which many students dream about.（=

26、date from=go back to）Datingdate back 后接表示一段时间的名词。date back to 相当于date from，后接时间点。单句语法填空（1）All the objects are from the same excavation site in Sanxingdui and can be dated back _ between 3，000 and 5，000 years ago.（2）The old building _（date）back to the Tang Dynasty is still in good condition.（3）Its a

27、tradition that _（date）back at least 300 years.完成句子（4）The skills of cooking in China can _（追溯到）thousands of years.（5）My family has a vase，_（据说可追溯到）the Ming Dynasty.todatingdatesdate backwhich is said to date back to9.variety n.种类；变化；多样种类；变化；多样(化化)；多变；多变(性性)(1)a(great/large/wide)variety of 各种各样的各种各样的=

28、varieties of=various a variety of+n.(pl)+谓语动词谓语动词复复数数 各种各样的各种各样的 the variety of+n.(pl)+谓语动词谓语动词单单数数 .的品种的品种(2)vary v.改变，变化vary in vary from.to.vary with Many of these factors vary from city to city and region to region.许多要素因城市和地区的差异而有所不同。在方面不同从到的变化,因.而异随变化adj.various 单句语法填空（1）If you come to visit Ch

29、ina，you will experience a culture of amazing depth and _（vary）.（2）For Chinese people，there _（be）a variety of activities to celebrate the traditional festivals.（3）He is always coming late for class for _（vary）reasons.完成句子（4）The students work _.However,views on this problem _,学生作业的学生作业的质量参差不齐。然而，就这个问题

30、人人意见不一。质量参差不齐。然而，就这个问题人人意见不一。varietyarevarious=a variety of reasonsvaries greatly in qualityvary from person to person major maj 大or 形容词后缀majority n.大多数minor adj.较小的常用表达major in 主修a/the majority of 大多数in the/a majority 占多数 10.major adj.主要的;大的;重要的n.主修课程;主修学生vi.主修;专门研究（反：（反：)minority11.means n.方式；方法；途

31、径means of（doing）sth.（做）某事的方法by this means 通过这种方式by means of 依靠方法，借助手段by no means 一点儿也不，决不（置于句首时，句子要用部分倒装）by all means 可以，当然行，没问题（常用于口语交际中）搭搭配配【学法点拨学法点拨】1.All possible means (try)，but we still cant solve the problem.2.Every possible means (try)，but we still cant solve the problem.【误区警示误区警示】用某一方法用某一方法

32、”时，可用时，可用:have been triedhas been tried Every/Each/One means+单数谓语动词单数谓语动词 All/Several/Some/Many/Few means+复数谓语动词复数谓语动词 this means this way this method byinwithPPT模板下载： should be used as _means of consolidating what youve learnt at class.（2）We needed to get to London but we had no means _ transport.（

33、3）You should learn English words by heart.Only _ this way can you enlarge your vocabulary.完成句子（4）Can I come and have a look at your new house?Yes，_（当然可以）!（5）For the deaf and dumb couple the only _（交流的方法）is sign language.（6）While modeling business is _（一点儿也不）easy to get into，good models will always b

34、e in demand.（7）我们绝不能半途而废。By no means _ halfway.aofinby all meansmeans of communicationby no meanscan we give up12.classic adj.传统的传统的 n.名著名著 In China,people gather together to celebrate the classic festivals.庆祝传统的In Chinese literature,four classics are so famous that children know the story much.Drea

35、m of Red Mansions 四大名著PPT模板下载： pl.问候；致意问候；致意have a high regard for give ones regards to with/in regard to I have a high regard for Tom because hes so wonderful.Please give my regards to your parents.With regard to your suggestions,I will consider carefully.(2)vt.把视为；看待 (3)regarding prep.关于；有关 =conce

36、rning regard.as.钦佩钦佩代某人向代某人向问候问候关于；有关关于；有关PPT模板下载： sth.感激（某人）做某事感激（某人）做某事I would appreciate it if you could do.如果如果我将不胜感激。我将不胜感激。He appreciates your ability.他赏识你的才能。他赏识你的才能。We appreciate your helping us.我们我们对你们给予我们的帮助表示感谢。对你们给予我们的帮助表示感谢。I would appreciate it if you could point out my shortcomings.如果

37、您能指出我的不足之处，我将不胜感激。如果您能指出我的不足之处，我将不胜感激。I appreciated how serious the situation was.我我意识到形势的严峻性。意识到形势的严峻性。Houses will appreciate in value.房产会升值房产会升值。搭配搭配1.She never gave up and struggled to live an active life.她永不言弃，努力过着积极的生活。2.They were struggling for independence.=They were struggling to gain indepe

38、ndence.他们在为争取独立而奋斗。3.We have struggled against/with this disease for two years.4.She struggled to her feet.她挣扎着站起来。struggle for 为争取为争取而奋斗而奋斗struggle against/with.与与作斗争作斗争struggle to ones feet 挣扎着站起来挣扎着站起来vi.斗争；奋斗；搏斗；努力斗争；奋斗；搏斗；努力高考链接：1.Many students will struggle _(find)a sense of belonging after en

39、tering college.（2016 北京改）2.Like it or not,our adult lives will be consumed by the struggle _ money.（2011 安徽）3.Most of his adult life has been a losing struggle _ debt and misfortune.（2019 天津）to findforagainst/withbeg to do sthbeg sb to do sthbeg(sb)for sthbeg sth from sbbeggedto saybeggingforvi.恳求，祈

40、求，哀求；乞讨，行乞恳求，祈求，哀求；乞讨，行乞n.beggarequallybe equal tobe equal to sth/doing sthA equals B in sthwithout equalequalsequallymakingin be equal todemandingin demandmeet/satisfy ones demandsdemand(of sb)to do sthdemand that.(should)do sthdemandeddemands workbe toldin greater demand;费时费力的费时费力的related relation

41、 relative（adj.）相关的 （n.）亲戚relate to.relate A to Brelate sth to sbbe related torelatesrelatedrelationrelated is related toTHE ENDconvinienceIt is convenient for sb to do sthif/when it is convenient to/for sbfor convenienceat ones convenienceconvenient for youfor its convenience at his convenience a great convenience