Unit 4 同步练习（ppt课件）-2022新人教版（2019）《高中英语》必修第一册.pptx

1、Unit 4 NATURAL DISASTERSUnit 4 NATURAL DISASTERSSection A Section A 同步练习同步练习人教版（人教版（20192019）必修）必修1 1（高一上）（高一上）目 录目 录contentcontent第一章单 句 语 法 填 空第二章语法填空第三章七选五 单单 句句 语语 法法 填填 空空01单 句 语 法 填 空 单单 句句 语语 法法 填填 空空【单 句 语 法 填 空】1Adults understand what it feels like to be _(flood)with objects.2.I was permitt

2、ed to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued _ starvation in the wild.3Without oxygen，the brain _(damage)quickly.4.Machines with specific purposes are associated with living things partly because they might be able to prevent themselves from _(destroy).5.Now that our project is over，I realize

3、 that I _(affect)not only one life,but ten.单单 句句 语语 法法 填填 空空【单 句 语 法 填 空】6.She encouraged a sense of community by creating _(shelter)and promoting education and services for people in need.7.McIntyre and his colleagues documented a widespread _(die)of big trees that was evident even in wildlands pro

4、tected from woodcutting or development.8.From 2000 to 2019，there were 7,348 major natural _(disaster)around the world,resulting in USD2,970 billion in economic loss.答案解析【单 句 语 法 填 空】1flooded【解析】在what引导的宾语从句中，it为形式主语，真正的主语为 to be flooded with objects。be flooded with 充满。【句意】成年人理解被物品淹没的感觉。2.from【解析】res

5、cuefrom从救出。【句意】我被允许拍摄一个特别小组，这个小组负责照顾因饥饿而被从野外救出的大熊猫。3.is damaged【解析】the brain与damage 之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。此处说的是一个事实，故用一般现在时的被动语态。【句意】没有氧气，大脑很快就会受损。4.being destroyed【解析】preventfrom doing sth阻止做某事。再根据themselves与destroy之间是被动关系可知，应用动名词的被动语态。【句意】具有特定用途的机器与生物有关，部分原因是它们或许能防止自己被摧毁。答案解析【单 句 语 法 填 空】5have affected【解

6、析】强调动作的结果，用现在完成时。【句意】我们的项目结束了，我意识到我影响的不仅仅是一个人的生命，而是十个人的。6.shelters【解析】shelter 作“庇护所”讲时是可数名词，此处应不止建造一个庇护所，故用复数。【句意】她通过为处于困境中的人们建立庇护所并促进教育和服务来鼓励（树立）社区意识。7.death【解 析】形 容 词 widespread 修饰名词 d e a t h。a widespread death of.的普遍死亡。【句意】McIntyre和他的同事记录了大树的普遍死亡，这种死亡甚至在被保护不被砍伐或开发的荒地也很明显。8.disasters【解析】考查名词复数。【句

7、意】从2000年到2019年，全球共发生重大自然灾害7 3 4 8 起，造成经济损 失29700亿美元。语 法 填 空02语法填空 语 法 填 空主 题：人 与 自 我（做 人 与 做 事）体 裁：记 叙 文 话 题：救 灾 经 历While thousands of college students headed for warm climate to enjoy sun and fun during their week off from classes,seven local students had other plans.T h e N o r t h e r n E s s e x

8、 Community College(NECC)students and one of their teachers spent part of their spring break in New York City helping repair an area _1_(destroy)by the hurricane.语 法 填 空主 题：人 与 自 我（做 人 与 做 事）体 裁：记 叙 文 话 题：救 灾 经 历“I wanted to see for myself what happened,said Terry.“I couldnt imagine _2_ it is like to

9、 lose your home and everything that you know and the _3_(power)effect the hurricane had on those people.I wanted to do something,to understand their feeling of helplessness.”The group headed into Brooklyns Red Hook district,which was hit hard by the hurricane.There they met people from other parts o

10、f the country,_4_ had also volunteered to help.Together,those volunteers and the NECC students _5_(work)to clear rubbish out of a three-story building.They put on protective suits and _6_(glove)before they entered the building.语 法 填 空主 题：人 与 自 我（做 人 与 做 事）体 裁：记 叙 文 话 题：救 灾 经 历Inside the building,the

11、 students saw nothing but broken walls and doors and pieces of the building _7_(lie)all over the place.The students returned to school with a sense of _8_(achieve),a feeling of _9_(they)helping people in need.It was remarkable how a community lost so much and was still able to recover,and this left

12、the deepest impression _10_ the students.答案解析【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要描述了春假期间北埃塞克斯社区学院的学生和他们的一名老师在被飓风袭击的布鲁克林红钩区的一栋楼帮忙清理垃圾的经历以及他们的感悟。1destroyed考查非谓语动词。所填词作后置定语，修饰an area，逻辑主语an area与之构成被动关系，故用过去分词 destroyed。2what考查宾语从句。所填词引导宾语从句，并在从句中作宾语，故用what引导。3powerful考查形容词。修饰名词effect应用形容词powerful。4who考查定语从句。所填词引导非限制性定

13、语从句，修饰先行词people，关系词在从句中作主语，指人，故用关系代词who引导。5worked考查时态。所填词作谓语，描述过去发生的事情，用一般 过 去 时，故 填worked。答案解析【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要描述了春假期间北埃塞克斯社区学院的学生和他们的一名老师在被飓风袭击的布鲁克林红钩区的一栋楼帮忙清理垃圾的经历以及他们的感悟。6gloves 考查名词复数。根据suits and判断，所填词应该是名词的复数。7lying考查非谓语动词。所填同作定语，逻辑主语pieces of the building与lie构成主动关系，故用现在分词lying。8achievement

14、考查名词。作宾语，用名同构成短语asense ofachievement成就感。故填 achicvement。9their考查代词。所填词作定语，修饰 helping people，用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。10on 考 查 介 词。leave the deepest impression on sb给某人留下最深刻的印象，为固定短语。故填on。七选五七选五03七选五 七选五七选五主题：人与社会（科学与技术）体裁：说明文话题：太空用餐How is dining in space How is dining in space different from eating dif

15、ferent from eating on Earth?on Earth?Spacesuits?Check!Oxygen?Check!Water?Check!Are we forgetting something?Food!If you send astronauts into space,you have to send along food as well.But what doastronauts eat,and how do they eat it?_1_First，and possibly most important，is nutrition（营养）.Maintaining the

16、 astronauts physical health is a top task for any space mission.Providing junk foods to eat,such as potato chips,sodas,and pizza,would make the astronauts feel unhealthy.七选五七选五主题：人与社会（科学与技术）体裁：说明文话题：太空用餐How is dining in space How is dining in space different from eating different from eating on Eart

17、h?on Earth?_2_ If the food that has been provided is distasteful,then the astronauts may avoid eating it.If youve ever tried to concentrate on something important while your stomach doesnt feel well,youll know why the scientists in charge of a space mission want their astronauts to eat regularly.The

18、 lack of gravity in a spacecraft also determines what foods can or cannot be eaten in space.Meals must be packaged carefully so they wont spill into the cabin.Liquidsor tiny bits of food could get inside a machine or electronic device and damage it _3_ A loose knife bouncing（弹起）around inside the cab

19、in would be dangerous.七选五七选五主题：人与社会（科学与技术）体裁：说明文话题：太空用餐How is dining in space How is dining in space different from eating different from eating on Earth?on Earth?_4_ The weight of every object included in a spacecraft must be calculated in order to ensure that there is enough fuel and power to carr

20、y the craft safely into space and home again._5_ Most foods are stored in plastic bags,and often,the foods are dehydrated（脱水）.When an astronaut is ready to eat,hot water is added to rehydrate the meal and warm it up.七选五七选五主题：人与社会（科学与技术）体裁：说明文话题：太空用餐How is dining in space How is dining in space diffe

21、rent from eating different from eating on Earth?on Earth?Despite all these requirements,much of the food eaten in space is actually similar to what you might eat on any given day.A.Variety and taste are also important.B.Finally,weight is an important concern.C.Food packaging is made to be as light a

22、s possible.D.Believe it or not,they also have fresh fruits and vegetables.E.Nutrition and practicality are important things to consider.答案解析【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。在太空吃饭和在地球吃饭有何不同？短文介绍了科学家在计划太空用餐时考虑了几个因素。1G根据上文“But what do astronauts cat，and how do they cat it？”可知，选项承接上文，再根据下文的几个因素可知，选项总起下文。故“科学家在计划太空用餐时考虑了几个

23、因素”切题，factors呼应下文的几个具体因素。2A 根据下文“If the food that has been provided is distas-teful，then the astronauts may avoid cating it.”可知，如果提供的食物不可口，宇航员可能会不吃。由此可知，本段在说明食物种类和口味很重要。故“食物种类和口味也是很重要的”为本段的主题句。3F根据上文“Liquids or tiny bits of food could get inside a machinc or electronic device and damage it.”可知，液体或食物

24、残渣可能会进入机器或电子设备并损坏它。选项承接上文说明“出于同样的原因，宇宙飞船上从不使用锋利的器具”，且呼应下文“一把松动的小刀在船舱里乱跳是很危险的”。sharp utensils are never used onboard 呼应 be dangerous。答案解析【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。在太空吃饭和在地球吃饭有何不同？短文介绍了科学家在计划太空用餐时考虑了几个因素。4B根据下文“The weight of every object included in a spacecraft must be calculated in order to ensure that there is

25、 enough fuel and power to carry the craft safely into space and home again.”可知，必须计算航天器中每一个物体的重量，以确保有足够的燃料和动力将航天器安全地送入太空和返回家园。由此可知，本段说明另一个考虑因素是重量。故B选项”最后，重量是一个重要的问题”切题。5.C根据下文“Most foods are stored in plastic bags，and often，the foods are dehydrated.”可知，大多数食物都储存在塑料袋里，而且通常都是脱水的。这说明食物的包装做得尽可能轻。light 呼应 plastic bags，dehydrated。