Unit 4 Natural Disasters 词汇（ppt课件） (2)-2022新人教版（2019）《高中英语》必修第一册.pptx

1、Unit 4 Natural Disasters Words and ExpressionsPart 1 词汇闪记词汇闪记disaster/dz:st(r)/n.灾难；灾害tornado/t:ned/n.(pl.-oes or-os)龙卷风；旋风drought/drat/n.旱灾；久旱landslide/lndslad/n.(landfall)(山地或悬崖的)崩塌；滑坡slide/slad/vi.&vt.(使)滑行;滑动tsunami/tsu:n:mi/n.海啸flood/fld/n.洪水;大量 vi.淹没;大量涌入 vt.使灌满水;淹没volcanic eruption/vlknk rpn/

2、火山喷发rescue/reskju:/n.&vt.营救；救援damage/dmd/vt.损害;破坏 n.损坏;损失destroy/dstr/vt.摧毁；毁灭shelter /elt(r)/n.避难处；居所；庇护 vt.保护；掩蔽 vi.躲避(风、雨或危险)crack/krk/n.裂纹；裂缝 vi.&vt.(使)破裂as if/略/似乎；好像；仿佛in ruins/略/严重受损；破败不堪in shock/略/震惊；吃惊breathe/bri:/vi.&vt.呼吸revival/rvavl/n.振兴；复苏effort/eft/n.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力context/kntekst/n.上下文;语

3、境;背景typhoon/tafu:n/n.台风in the open air /略/露天；在户外hurricane/hrkn/n.(尤指大西洋的)飓风survive/svav/vi.生存；存活 vt.幸存；艰难度过calm/k:m/adj.镇静的；沉着的 vt.使平静；使镇静 aid/ed/n.援助；帮助；救援物资 vi.&vt.(formal)帮助;援助sweep/swi:p/vt.&vi.(swept,swept)打扫；清扫deliver/dlv(r)/vt.&vi.递送；传达 vt.发表effect/fekt/n.影响；结果；效果length/le/n.长；长度Part 2 拓展单词拓展

4、单词1._ n.影响；效果影响；效果 _ adj.有效的；有效的；_ adv.有效地有效地2._ adj.长的；长期的长的；长期的 _ n.长度长度 _ v.使变长使变长lengtheneffecteffectiveeffectivelylonglength3._ vi.死亡死亡 _ adj.死去的；失去生命的；枯萎的死去的；失去生命的；枯萎的 _ adj.临终的；临死的；垂死的临终的；临死的；垂死的 _ adj.致命的致命的 adv.极其；非常极其；非常 _ n.死；死亡死；死亡4._ n.震惊震惊 vt.震惊震惊 _ adj.令人震惊令人震惊的的 _ adj.感到震惊的感到震惊的shock

5、eddiedeaddyingdeadlydeathshockshocking5._ v.呼吸呼吸 _ n.呼吸的空气；呼吸呼吸的空气；呼吸6._ v.复活；复活；(使使)苏醒苏醒 _ n.振兴；复苏振兴；复苏7._ vt.影响；影响；(疾病疾病)侵袭；深深打动侵袭；深深打动 _ n.感情；喜爱感情；喜爱8._ adj.电的；电动的电的；电动的 _ n.电；电能电；电能electricitybreathebreathreviverevivalaffectaffectionelectric9._ adj.充满智慧的充满智慧的 _ adv.明智地明智地 _ n.智慧；才智智慧；才智10._ v.(火

6、山火山)爆发；爆发；(岩浆、烟等岩浆、烟等)喷出喷出 _ n.长长(萌萌)出，喷溢出，喷溢11._ vt.遭受遭受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦受苦 _ n.痛苦痛苦wisewiselywisdomerupteruptionsuffersuffering12._ vi.生存生存 vt.幸存幸存 _ n.生还者生还者 _ n.生存；幸存生存；幸存13._ n.电力供应；力量；控制力电力供应；力量；控制力 _ adj.强大的；有影响力的强大的；有影响力的survivesurvivorsurvivalpowerpowerful14._ n.总和总和 v.总结总结 _ v.总

7、结；概括总结；概括 _ n.总结总结15._ v.递送；传达递送；传达 vt.发表发表 _ n.传送；交付；递送；分娩传送；交付；递送；分娩deliverysumsummarize/summarisesummarydeliverPart 3 重点单词重点单词1.rescue n.&vt.营救；救援营救；救援rescue the injured 拯救伤者 rescue.from.把从营救出来 come to/go to sbs rescuerescue sb 救援某人 rescuer 救援人员Two children _ the burning car.两名儿童从燃烧着的车中被救了出来。were

8、 rescued from巩固内化 单句语法填空 Every type of boat was pressed into service to rescue passengers _ the sinking ferry.It took _(rescue)90 minutes to reach the trapped men.衔接写作 补全句子 _ are using thermal imaging to locate survivors of the earthquake.救援队伍正利用热成像确定地震幸存者的位置。Rescue teams fromrescuers2.damage n.损失；损

9、害损失；损害 vt.损害；破坏损害；破坏cause/do damage to 对造成损害;损害damage ones health 损害某人的健康巩固内化 单句语法填空Several vehicles were _(damage)in the crash.The earthquake caused damage _ property estimated at$6 million.damagedto3.destroy vt.摧毁摧毁;毁灭毁灭;消灭消灭;破坏破坏 destroy ones confidence/hope/faith 摧毁某人的信心/希望/信仰 destruction n.U 摧毁

10、;毁灭;破坏 destructive adj.造成破坏的;毁灭性的 destroyer n.驱逐舰;破坏者;毁灭者巩固内化 单句语法填空Three cruisers and three _(destroy)were heavily damaged or _(destroy).destroyersdestroyed易混辨析 destroy、damage、harm、hurt和ruindestroydestroy“毁灭；消灭”，主要指通过某种有力的或粗暴的手段使之毁灭或无用，一般不能或很难恢复一般不能或很难恢复damagedamage 主要用于物，表示部分的损失，一般可修复一般可修复harmharm

11、 常用于口语口语，指肉体、精神、健康等方面的伤害hurthurt主要指精神上或肉体上精神上或肉体上的“创伤；损害”ruinruin表示严重破坏，以致不能修复，但这种破坏不像destroy那样毁灭得彻底，而是强调致使该物的使用价强调致使该物的使用价值产生了问题。值产生了问题。词组：词组：in ruinsin ruins用用damage、ruin、destroy、harm、hurt的适当形式填空的适当形式填空（1）There are many ancient temples which have fallen into _.（2）That town was _ in a big fire.（3）W

12、hat they said and did _ the relations between the two countries.（4）His words _ my feelings.（5）Drinking too much can _ ones health.ruinsdestroyeddamagedhurtharm/damage4.death n.死；死亡死；死亡;死神死神 die v.枯竭；消失；死 dead adj.死亡的；无生命的 adv.完全地；直接地；突然地dying adj.垂死的；临终的；动词die的现在分词形式deadly adj.致命的 adv.极其;非常巩固内化巩固内化

13、用用die的适当形式填空的适当形式填空AIDS is a _ disease.You can pass a rope around this _ tree.The little girl cried when she saw her _ cat.Her _ was a great shock to us all.Believe me,Im _ serious.She _ ten years ago but her memory lives on.deadlydeaddyingdeath deadlydied5.affect vt.影响；（疾病）侵袭；深深打动影响；（疾病）侵袭；深深打动 be

14、greatly/deeply affected/touched 深受感动 be affected by heat/cold 中暑/着凉 be affected with high fever 发高烧 effect n.效应；影响；结果 vt.引起；实现；使发生 have an effect on 对产生影响.单句填空（1）His timely help affected me_ tears.（2）_（affect）with a serious disease，he was no longer able to speak clearly and he knew there was no hope

15、 of recovery.toAffected.一句多译：每天熬夜一定会对你的健康造成很大的影响。（4）Staying up late every day is certain to _（affect）（5）Staying up late every day is certain to _（effect）affect your health greatlyhave a great effect on your health6.shelter n.避难处；居所；庇护避难处；居所；庇护 vt.保护；掩蔽保护；掩蔽 vi.躲避（风雨或危险）躲避（风雨或危险）take shelter from.躲避

16、shelter.from.保护/遮蔽免受 shelter from.躲避翻译：翻译：Shelters set up by the government.衔接写作衔接写作 补全句子 I want to _ the poison rain.我想要躲避天上飘落的毒雨。They _ the police.他们掩护他躲避警察。他们掩护他躲避警察。巩固内化巩固内化单句语法填空单句语法填空 The tree affords some shelter _ the sun.A neighbor _(shelter)the boy for seven days.Some _(shelter)were being

17、prepared for possible air raids.fromshelterstake shelter fromsheltered him fromsheltered7.ruin n.&vt.破坏；毁坏破坏；毁坏(1)lie/be in ruins成为废墟 be reduced to ruins 沦为废墟(2)ruin oneself 毁掉自己;自取灭亡ruin ones health/fame/future 毁坏某人的健康/声誉/前途【区别区别】lielaylainlying 处于，位于，躺处于，位于，躺 lieliedliedlying 撒谎撒谎 laylaidlaidlayin

18、g 放置，下蛋放置，下蛋巩固内化巩固内化补全句子I _ my cell phone on the desk just now,but now I cant find it.我刚才把手机放在桌子上，但现在找不到了。I dont know why he _ about his age.我不知道他为什么谎报自己的年龄。He _ on the sofa quietly.他静静地躺在沙发上。laid lied lies ruin/destroy/damage1.ruin 可作名词和动词，指非暴力的破坏，可作名词和动词，指非暴力的破坏，尤指对美好的尤指对美好的或希望中的事物的破坏。或希望中的事物的破坏。例

19、：例：The fire ruined the house.2.destroy 只能用作动词只能用作动词,指破坏、毁灭指破坏、毁灭不可能修复不可能修复,也可以指希望、计划等打破。也可以指希望、计划等打破。例：例：The earthquake destroyed almost the whole town.3.damage 可作名词和动词，指部分损坏、损害、破可作名词和动词，指部分损坏、损害、破 坏可修复或坏可修复或指使用价值有所降低指使用价值有所降低。例：例：The accident did a lot of damage to his car.知识拓展 巩固内化巩固内化用用ruin/destr

20、oy/damage的正确形式填空。的正确形式填空。Everywhere they looked nearly everything was _.Soft wood _ easily.He _ his girl friends prospects.The bridge was _ by the flood.An earthquake left the whole town in _.damages ruined damaged destroyedruins 8.shock n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt.（使）震惊（使）震惊 a great shock to sb 令

21、某人极为震惊的事 in shock 震惊；吃惊 shocked adj.震惊的；惊讶的 be shocked at/by 对吃惊 be shocked to do sth 因做某事而吃惊 shocking adj.令人震惊的巩固内化巩固内化单句语法填空：We were shocked _(learn)of his passing away.They sat there _ shock and disbelief.We were _(shock)at the _(shock)news that he died yesterday.衔接高考衔接高考 (2020.全国II)And I went ho

22、me,and over that weekend I wrote the story Clif ford the Big Red Dog,and _(shock)when it was accepted for publication,because Id never written anything before.to learn in shockedshocking was shocked 8.trap vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套使落入险境；使陷入圈套 n.险境；陷阱险境；陷阱 trap sb into doing sth 诱使某人做某事 be trapped in 被困在 set/la

23、y a trap 布好陷阱；设下圈套 be caught in a trap of.陷入的困境.单句填空（1）She _（trap）in the burning house.（2）I was trapped _ telling the person all I knew.was trappedinto9.bury vt.埋葬；安葬；掩埋；使沉浸；使专心埋葬；安葬；掩埋；使沉浸；使专心In the past three weeks,we have been burying _（we）in study because the exam is drawing near.ourselves10.bre

24、athe vi.&vt.呼吸呼吸 breathe(sth.)in 吸入（气体）吸入（气体）breathe out 呼气呼气 breath n.呼吸 take a deep breath 深呼吸 hold ones breath 屏住呼吸 be out of breath 喘不过气来=breathlessbreathless adj.气喘吁吁的，上气不接下气的;屏息的巩固内化巩固内化 用breathe的适当形式填空：1 Only in the countryside can we have a _ of fresh air.2 I was a little _ and my heartbeat

25、was bumpy and fast.3.In an attack of asthma,she _ hard.4.“Take the money and run on,”my mother said _.breath breathless衔接写作衔接写作补全句子He has run himself _ 他跑得上气不接下气他跑得上气不接下气。She _ and sat up slowly with great effort.她深吸一口气,慢慢地、努力地坐了起来。breathed out of breathtook a deep breathbreathlessly 11.effort n.努力努

26、力;艰难的尝试艰难的尝试;尽力尽力make efforts/an/every effort to do sth =spare no effort to do sth.=try ones best to do sth.不遗余力做某事;竭尽全力做某make no effort to do sth.毫不费力做某事with/without effort 努力地，艰难地/容易地，不费力地He made no effort _(hide)his disappointment.She took a deep breath and sat up slowly and _ great effort.to hid

27、e with 12.suffer vt.遭受；蒙受遭受；蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦受苦 suffer pains/losses 经受痛苦/蒙受损失 suffer a defeat 遭受失败 suffer from 遭受（疾病、痛苦）suffering n.痛苦 sufferer n.受害者Many people suffer _ mental illness at some point in their lives.This war has caused widespread human _(suffer).from suffering13.supply n.

28、C供应供应(量量);(pl)补给品补给品,U供应供应;供给供给 water/food supply 水/食物供应 be in short supply 短缺 supply sb.with sth=supply sth.to sb.提供某物给某人 supplier n.供应商It is good practice to supply a written report _the buyer.We are very much aware of the lack of food _(supply).Books were _ short supply.to suppliesin14.survive vi

29、.生存；存活生存；存活 vt.幸存；艰难度过幸存；艰难度过 survive _ 依靠生存下来 survive _ 从存活下来；流传下来 A survive B by.A比B活得久.survivor n.幸存者;生还者 survival n.U幸存C残余物;幸存物 e.g.Shes feeding the baby who survived the earthquake.onfrom巩固内化巩固内化 单句语法填空Of the six people injured in the crash,only two _(survive).She survived her husband _ ten yea

30、rs.Some strange customs have survived _ earlier times.She was the only _ that was rescued from the accident.He was told that he had a one in 500 chance of _.survivedbysurvival fromsurvivor衔接写作衔接写作 一句多译一句多译 没有水，没有人能生存下来。Nobody can _ water.Everyone should _ water.survive withoutsurvive on 15.calm adj.

31、镇静的；沉着的镇静的；沉着的 vt.使平静；使镇静使平静；使镇静 calm down 平静下来 calm sb down 使某人平静下来；使某人镇定下来 keep calm 保持镇静 calmness n.冷静；镇静；安宁 e.g.Calm yourself down；there is no need to feel upset about it.16.aid n.&vt.帮助；援助；资助帮助；援助；资助 give first aid to sb 对某人进行急救 with the aid of.在的帮助下 come to ones aid 来帮助某人 aid sb in（doing）sth 帮

32、助某人（做）某事 aid sb with sth 以某事/物帮助某人 aid sb to do sth 帮助某人做某事e.g.With the aid of our teachers,we learned how to perform first aid.17.strike v.撞撞;碰碰;打打;罢工罢工;突然袭击突然袭击;突然想到；突然想到；（时钟）敲响（时钟）敲响;引起（强烈感情）引起（强烈感情）;划（火柴）划（火柴）n.打击；罢工打击；罢工(1)be struck with/by为为所袭击所袭击/感动感动 It strikes sb that.某人突然想到某人突然想到 strike.in

33、to ones heart使某人刻骨铭心使某人刻骨铭心(2)be on strike 在罢工在罢工 go on strike举行罢工举行罢工表示表示“突然想到突然想到”的单词还有的单词还有hit,occur。巩固内化巩固内化用用strike的适当形式填空，并翻译的适当形式填空，并翻译strike的意思的意思_ while the iron is hot.The child ran into the road and was _ by a car.It _ me that I forgot to take my keys.The bus drivers_ stopped all traffic.

34、The clock _ nine.He fell,_ his head on the edge of the table.Strike struck struckstrike striking 击打撞击(使)突然想起struck 罢工(时钟)敲碰撞1.He said they did not want warbut if attacked,they would fight to the _（die）.2.The boy walked in as if nothing _（happen）.3.We became _（trap）by the rising floodwater.4.Years of

35、 fighting have left the city _ ruins;it would take a lot of money to rebuild it.单句填空单句填空deathhad happenedtrappedin5.Though she went through so much _（suffer）,she did not give in.6.Dont leave children _（surf）the Internet for a long time on weekends.7.For a few minutes we stood in _（shock）silence.sufferingsurfingshockedThanks!