Unit 4 Discover Structures定语从句关系代词（ppt课件）-2022新人教版（2019）《高中英语》必修第一册.pptx

1、Lead inDo you know who is he?He is Han haolin He plays the role of little Fanxian.He is Han haolin,who plays the role of little Fanxian.在句中修饰在句中修饰名词名词或或代词代词的的成分成分叫定语叫定语（简而言之可以翻译成（简而言之可以翻译成.的）。的）。It is very near from here to his school.The man upstairs is a professor of Shandong University.The pictur

2、e on the wall was drawn by my daughter.Lets reviewWhat is attribute在句中修饰在句中修饰名词名词或或代词代词的的成分成分叫定语叫定语（简而言之可以翻译成（简而言之可以翻译成.的）。的）。delicious food（adj作定语）作定语）orange juice（n作定语）作定语）the juice in glass （介词短语作定语）（介词短语作定语）the juice there（adv作定语）作定语）Lets reviewWhat is attributeShe is the one that you never forg

3、et.She must be the reason why God made a girl.Lets learn01关系代词引关系代词引导的定从导的定从He is Zhang RuoYun,who plays the role of Fanxian.先行先行词词定语从定语从句句关系代词关系代词Lets learn定语从句定义：在从句中修饰某一定语从句定义：在从句中修饰某一名词代词名词代词的从句。的从句。定语从句的定义定语从句的定义先行词先行词关系词关系词定语从句定语从句+定语从句的构成定语从句的构成指代先行词指代先行词连接主句和从句连接主句和从句在从句中充当成分在从句中充当成分(指人，作主语指

4、人，作主语)that This is the suitcase _ she is looking for.(that)定语从句的关系代词定语从句的关系代词The number of people _ come to visit this city each year reaches one million.(指物，做宾语指物，做宾语)(指物，作主语指物，作主语)that The pen _he bought yesterday is the same as mine.(that)定语从句的关系代词定语从句的关系代词I still remember the earthquake_happened

5、 in 2008 in Sichuan.(指物，做宾语指物，做宾语)that 用于：先行词是人或者物，在从句中可以做主、宾和表语They ignored the details _ might account for the accident.他们忽略了那些或许可以解释事故发生原因的细节。他们忽略了那些或许可以解释事故发生原因的细节。which(作主语作主语)定语从句的关系代词定语从句的关系代词I have seen the film _ they are talking about.他们忽略了那些或许可以解释事故发生原因的细节。他们忽略了那些或许可以解释事故发生原因的细节。The pen _

6、he bought yesterday is the same as mine.他昨天买的那支笔和我的一样他昨天买的那支笔和我的一样which(作宾语作宾语)定语从句的关系代词定语从句的关系代词which(作宾语作宾语)which指物，在定语从句中可作主语、宾语或者表语，作宾语时可省略。指物，在定语从句中可作主语、宾语或者表语，作宾语时可省略。that和which在一定程度上可以互相转换You are concerned about people _have suffered a lot in the earthquake.Danny was the man _we rescued from

7、the ruins.who(作主语作主语)(作宾语作宾语)whoAnyone _failed to come to the meeting yesterday must give his reason.The terrible shaking woke up all the people_were sleep.who(作主语作主语)(作主语作主语)whowho指人，在定语从句中可作主语或宾语，作宾指人，在定语从句中可作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。语时可省略。4.whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，可省略，也可用指人，在定语从句中作宾语，可省略，也可用who代替。代替。Rose is the pe

8、rson _you should care about.罗丝是你应该关心的人。罗丝是你应该关心的人。5.whose既可指人也可指物，表既可指人也可指物，表“所属所属”关系，在定语从句关系，在定语从句中作定语。中作定语。I know the person_ house was totally destroyed in the earthquake.我认识那个人，他的房子在地震中被彻底我认识那个人，他的房子在地震中被彻底推毁了。推毁了。(who/whom)(作宾语作宾语)whose(作定语作定语)Have you seen the film _leading actor is world-famo

9、us?Some countries _names I had never heard of before were shown on the map.whose(所属关系所属关系).的的whose(所属关系所属关系).的的Mr Li is an architect _designs for the new town have won praiseHere are some of the people _home were destroyed by the typhoon.whose(所属关系所属关系).的的whose(所属关系所属关系).的的定语从句的关系代词定语从句的关系代词定语从句的关系代

10、词定语从句的关系代词关系代词关系代词先行词先行词在句子所做的成分在句子所做的成分主语、宾语、表语主语、宾语、表语物物人人主语、宾语主语、宾语人人人、物人、物主语、宾语表语主语、宾语表语人、物人、物主语、宾语主语、宾语宾语宾语人、物人、物定语定语thatwhichWho WhomwhoseasShow time关系代词指代先行词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、表语关系代词指代先行词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、表语或定语，因此定语从句中或定语，因此定语从句中不能再出现关系代词所替代的名词不能再出现关系代词所替代的名词或代词。或代词。昨天晚上我们看的两部电影非常吓人昨天晚上我们看的两部电影非常吓人The

11、 film that/which we saw it last night was very frightening.The film(that/which)we saw last night was very frightening.误区警示误区警示关系代词在从句中作主语时不能省略，作宾语时可以关系代词在从句中作主语时不能省略，作宾语时可以省略。省略。Is that the girl_ you spoke of the other day.那就是你前几天所提的女孩吗那就是你前几天所提的女孩吗?(whom/who/that）定语从句的关系代词定语从句的关系代词宜用宜用that就不宜用就不宜用

12、which引导定语从句的情况引导定语从句的情况1.当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。The first thing _you should do is call the police right away.This is the most delicious food _ I have ever had.2.当先行词是当先行词是all，any，little，few，much，everanything,nothing，none等不定代词或被这些词修饰时。等不定代词或被这些词修饰时。All _can be done has been done.Tell m

13、e everything _ you knowPlease send us any information _you have about the subject.that that that that that 用用that就不宜用就不宜用 which的情况的情况3.当先行词被由当先行词被由 the only，the very，the last，the same等等修饰时。修饰时。The only thing _ she could do was to go to the Police for help.This is the very book _I want to buy.4.当先行词既

14、包括人又包括物时。当先行词既包括人又包括物时。Sometimes we should ignore the persons and things _upset us.宜用宜用that就不宜用就不宜用 which引导定语从句的情况引导定语从句的情况用用that就不宜用就不宜用 which的情况的情况that that that 5.当主句是以当主句是以who或者或者 which开头的特殊疑问句时。开头的特殊疑问句时。Which of the books _ you bought is the most useful for my writing?你买的书中哪一本对我的写作最有用你买的书中哪一本对

15、我的写作最有用?宜用宜用that就不宜用就不宜用 which引导定语从句的情况引导定语从句的情况that 用用that就不宜用就不宜用 which的情况的情况宜用宜用 which不宜用不宜用that引导定语从句的情况引导定语从句的情况1.引导引导非限制性非限制性定语从句时。定语从句时。Football,_is an interesting game,is very popular all over the world足球是一项有趣的运动，在全世界非常受欢迎。足球是一项有趣的运动，在全世界非常受欢迎。2.当关系代词前有介词时。当关系代词前有介词时。This is the house in _ M

16、o Yan once lived这就是莫言曾经住过的房子。这就是莫言曾经住过的房子。whichwhich定语从句中的主谓一致定语从句中的主谓一致1.关系代词在从句中作主语时，定语从句谓语动词的形式根据关系代词在从句中作主语时，定语从句谓语动词的形式根据_的形式确定的形式确定.The old town has narrow streets and small houses that_ built close to each other.旧城区的街道狭窄，房子小，彼此挨得很近旧城区的街道狭窄，房子小，彼此挨得很近Im fond of that Piece of music which _popul

17、ar with the teenage.我喜欢在青少年中流行的那支曲子。我喜欢在青少年中流行的那支曲子。先行词先行词are is 定语从句中的主谓一致定语从句中的主谓一致 One of+复数名词复数名词+定语从句定语从句(复数谓语复数谓语)the only one of+复数名词复数名词+定语从句定语从句(单数谓语单数谓语)2He is one of the students who_ a good command of French.他是精通法语的学生之。他是精通法语的学生之。(the students为先行词为先行词)He is the only one of the students w

18、ho_ a good command of French.他是学生中唯一精通法语的。他是学生中唯一精通法语的。(the only one为为 先行词先行词)havehashas1.as既可指人也可指物。在定语从句中可作主语、宾语或表语。既可指人也可指物。在定语从句中可作主语、宾语或表语。它常用在它常用在 the sameas，such，as.等结构中等结构中as不能不能省略。省略。Such reasons _we give can persuade him to give up his foolish plan.Ill buy the same dictionary_ you have.关系代

19、词关系代词as引导的定语从句引导的定语从句as as1.当先行词被当先行词被 the same修饰时，也可用修饰时，也可用that引导定语从向引导定语从向但指但指同一物同一物，而不是同一类。，而不是同一类。This is the same bike_ l lost two months ago这就是两个月前我丢的一辆自行车。这就是两个月前我丢的一辆自行车。This is the same bike _l lost two months ago这辆自行跟两个月前我去的那辆一样。这辆自行跟两个月前我去的那辆一样。误区警示误区警示thatas(同一辆自行轩同一辆自行轩)(同样的自行车，但不是同一辆同

20、样的自行车，但不是同一辆)2 as引导非限制性定语从句，代替引导非限制性定语从句，代替整个主句整个主句的内容。从句的内容。从句可放在可放在主句前主句前、主句后主句后或或主句中间主句中间。As you know,she is a stubborn girl,and I cant persuade her to change her mind.My grandfather is fond of talking about the good old days,_ is often the case with old peopleasas引导非限制性定语从句常用的固定表达：引导非限制性定语从句常用的固

21、定表达：as we all knowas is well knownas you seeAs we expectas often happensas I can rememberas has been said beforeas can be seenas is often the case众所周知众所周知众所周知众所周知如你所见如你所见正如我们预料的那样正如我们预料的那样正如经常发生的那样正如经常发生的那样正如我所记得的正如我所记得的如前所述如前所述正如所见正如所见情况常常是这样情况常常是这样Lets dodrills1)The Tangshan earthquake is a terrib

22、le experience that my grandma cannot forget.2)The couple who live next to us volunteered to help after the volcano erupted.3)The supplies which were provided to the disaster area were collected from around the country.1.Find and underline the restrictive relative clauses in the sentences below What

23、function do the restrictive relative clauses have?2.Find more sentences with restrictive relative clauses from the text on page 50.Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured.Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.The number of the people who were kille

24、d or badly injured in the quake was more than 400000.分数用基数词，分母用序数词02Exercises1.Complete each sentence with that,which,who,whose,whom,or/Then translate the sentences into Chinese.1)Here are some of the people_homes were destroyed by the typhoon2)The terrible shaking of the building woke up all the pe

25、ople _were asleep.3)The next day,people put up shelters in the open air using anything_they could find.4)Several days later,most of the buildings _had been damaged by the hurricane were repaired.Exercisethat或或whichthat或或/who或或thatwhose5.The injured boy_mother was lost in the disaster was taken to th

26、e hospital.6 The woman wrote a thank-you letter to the soldier by _she was resuced.7 Is this the young boy_saved several other students trapped under buildings.Exercisewho或或thatwhomwhose 2.Work with a partner.Take turns to ask each other about the pictures.Whats the rescue worker doing?Shes feeding

27、the baby who survived the earthquake.It is a baby who was rescued from under the ruins.Who is the baby in her arms?Exercise 1.She and her family bicycle to work，_helps them keep fit(2018北京卷北京卷)2.Kate,_sister I shared a room with when we were at college,has gone to work in Australia(2018天津卷天津卷)3.Duri

28、ng the rosy years of elementary school,I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes _allowed me to keep my high social status.(2019全国全国I卷卷)whichwhichwhose1.先行词是谁先行词是谁2.从句从哪开始到哪结束从句从哪开始到哪结束3.先行词在从句中作什么成分先行词在从句中作什么成分4.选定关系代词选定关系代词4.The little problems_we meet in our daily lives maybe inspirations for great inventions.(2017北京卷北京卷)5,But Sarah,_has taken part in shows along with top models,wants to prove that she has brains as well asbeauty.(2017全国全国卷卷)6.Like anything,it is possible to have too much fat and salt,_is not good for the health(2017全国卷全国卷)thatwhichwho