Unit 1 单词讲解（ppt课件）-2022新人教版（2019）《高中英语》必修第一册.pptx

1、Words Expressions（上）（上）-Maggieteenager n.teenager n.青少年青少年youth n.青年时期 青春adult n.adult n.成年人成年人 adj.adj.成年的成年的 成熟的成熟的clean upballet ballet n.芭蕾舞freshman freshman n.一年级新生sophomore大二senior大四junior大三greenhouse greenhouse n.温室 暖房title title n.名称，标题，职称，头衔topic topic n.话题 标题movement movement n.动作，运动，活动3.v

2、olunteer n志愿者voluntary adj.自愿的，志愿的voluntarily adv.自愿地，主动地serve/work as a volunteer 做志愿者do volunteer work 做志愿工作volunteer to do sth.自愿做某事volunteer for sth.自愿为某事效劳These volunteers are teenagers from junior high school and senior high school.1.Why do you want to volunteer _ our organisation?2._ (作为志愿者之一

3、作为志愿者之一),I have taught English in a remote mountain village for three years.forAs one of the volunteers4.debate n辩论；争论vt.&vi.辩论；争论debate sth.with sb.同某人辩论/讨论某事debate on/about sth.讨论某事beyond debate 无可争辩argue sb.into/out of doing sth.说服某人做/不做某事The bill is under debate and hasnt been passed yet.1.We ar

4、e having a heated debate _ the effect of computers on children.2.We _(正在讨论如何设计正在讨论如何设计)our new house.onare debating how to design5.preferlike.better vt.较喜欢 preference n偏爱，偏好偏爱，偏好 show preference for sth.prefer to do/doing sth.更喜欢做某事 prefer doing A to doing Bprefer to do A rather than do Bwould do A

5、rather than do BHe prefers watching football matches to playing it.1.As a matter of fact,I prefer certainty _ adventure.2.I prefer _ (go)out and be out.3.Rather than _ (take)a crowded bus,he prefers _ (ride)a shared bicycle.toto gotake to ride6.content n.adj.&vt.adj.&vt.(1)n.内容；满意，满足；目录；所容纳之物；容量，含量

6、(2)adj.满意的，满足的 (3)vt.使满意，使满足feel/be content withbe satisfied with 对对感到满足感到满足/满意满意be content to do sth.be willing to do sth.愿意做某事愿意做某事They seems fairly content with life.Are you content _ your present achievements(成就成就)?She is content _ (lead)such a peaceful life.His goal came true,the man smiled _(满

7、意地满意地)withto leadwith content7.suitable adj.合适的；适用的 suit vt.适合be suitable for 对适合的be suitable to do sth.适合做某事I dont think he is suitable to do the job.His goal is to make a film that is suitable _ children.Youre covered with sweat.It is not suitable _ (bathe)right away.forto batheShe _ the temptatio

8、n to buy a coat she could not afford.A.challengedB.obstructedC.contradictedD.resistedDresist 此处意指（此处意指（=“keep”oneself back from）“忍住忍住.”句意：她抵制住了诱惑，不去买她买不起的大衣。句意：她抵制住了诱惑，不去买她买不起的大衣。Her account made all of us _.Ato confuseBconfusingCconfuseDconfusedD8.challenge n挑战；艰巨任务 vt.vt.怀疑；向挑战 challenging adj.挑战性

9、的；考验能力的the challenge of doing sth.做某事的挑战meet the challenge of 迎接的挑战challenge sb.to (do)sth.向某人挑战(做)某事I did not think he was right,so I challenged him.单句语法填空单句语法填空（1）Exploring the outer space is a challenge man（人类）（人类）against nature.（2）He challenged me（play）another tennis game.（3）I challenged him a g

10、ame of chess.（4）It is challenge for graduates to find work as unemployment is very high nowadays.（5）Some graduates find it （challenge）to find a suitable job after graduation.（6）If he takes on the work，he will have to meet the challenge of _（organise）a team all by himself.（7）Martins now （面临最大的挑战）面临最大

11、的挑战）of his career.of to play to achallengingorganising faces the biggest challenge9.confusing adj.难以理解的；不清楚的confuse vt.使糊涂；使迷惑confused adj.糊涂的；迷惑的confusion n困惑；混淆confuse sb.使某人困惑be confused about 对感到困惑The instructions on the box are very confusing.I _ (对对感到疑惑感到疑惑)your recent behaviour.Susan looked a

12、t her father _ (困惑地困惑地)and did not know what to do.am confused aboutin confusion10.fluent adj.(尤指外语)流利的；熟练的 fluently adv.流利地；流畅地 fluency n流利，流畅 be fluent in 在在方面很流利方面很流利Amazingly,he is fluent in several foreign languages,such as English,French and Russian.The young man has the advantage of speaking

13、three languages _ (fluent)I have achieved different degrees of _(fluent)in three languages,and look forward to learning more.She was fluent _ English,French and German.fluentlyfluencyin11.graduate vi.&vt.毕业；获得学位 n n毕业生 graduation n毕业In actual fact,he graduated from Beijing University.1.They are the

14、_(graduate)who graduated _ Wuhan University and now are playing an important part in our company.2.After _ (graduate),she set a goal immediately.graduates fromgraduation12.recommend vt.建议；推荐；介绍 recommendation n推荐；介绍信recommend doing sth.建议做某事 sb.to do sth.建议某人做某事 that sb.(should)do The doctor recomme

15、nded (that)I take more exercise.p recommend后可接动词不定式的复合结构，也可接动名词形式，即recommend sb.to do sth.或recommend doing sth.，类似用法的单词还有：allow，advise，permit（2）推荐；介绍）推荐；介绍 .to sb.向某人推荐向某人推荐 sb.for.推荐某人做（某职位）推荐某人做（某职位）sb.as.推荐某人为推荐某人为 sb.sth.=recommend sth.to sb.给某人介绍某物给某人介绍某物 I recommended the chicken in mushroom s

16、auce to an exchange student which is delicious.She has been recommended for promotion.The doctor recommended swimming as the best all-round exercise.recommendThe professor recommended me _(buy)some new books on this subject.I bought this computer on Johns _ (recommend)He recommended us to go swimmin

17、g in the formal swimming pool.He recommended _ in the formal swimming pool.to buyrecommendationthat we(should)go swimming13.sign up（for）报名（参加课程）Hes signed up for evening classes at the community college.他已经报名参加社区学院夜间课程学习。【归纳拓展归纳拓展】sign up to do sth.报名做某事Ive signed up to make the sandwiches for the p

18、arty.我已报名为聚会做三明治。单句语法填空单句语法填空（1）Im thinking of signing up a yoga（瑜伽）course.（2）Over half the people who signed up （do）engineering were women.for to do 14.advanced adj.高级的；高等的；先进的 advanced technology 先进的技术 advanced learners of English 高级英语学习【词语积累词语积累】advance vi.前进；发展 vt.发展；促进 n.前进；发展in advance 预先，提前in

19、 advance of（时间上）在之前；（发展上）超前The troops were given the order to advance.部队接到了前进的命令。Hes trying to advance his own career.他在努力促进自己事业的发展。If youre going to come，please let me know in advance.如果你要来的话，请提前通知我。【学法点拨学法点拨】常见的-ed 结尾的形容词：gifted/talented 有天赋的 experienced 有经验的detailed 详细的 learned 博学的devoted 专心的 use

20、d 用过的，二手的skilled 有技术的写出画线单词的词性和词义写出画线单词的词性和词义（1）They use the Internet as a tool to advance their research._ （2）Information technology has greatly advanced since the 1960s._ （3）These advances in medical science will help man（人类）to enjoy a longer life._单句语法填空单句语法填空（4）The course is intended for （advanc

21、e）learners.（5）We are working hard （advance）the cause of world peace.（6）Id appreciate it if you could let me knowadvance whether or not you are coming.vt vt.促进促进vi vi.发展发展n n.进步；进展进步；进展advancedinto advance Japan is an _ industrial country.AadvancingBadvancedCto advanceDto be advancedB教材原句教材原句 p.14 Ob

22、viously,I was unhappy,but I wont quit.很显然，我并不高兴，但我不会就此放弃。很显然，我并不高兴，但我不会就此放弃。15.obviously adv.显然；明显地Obviously，the school cant function without teachers.显而易见,学校没有老师就无法运转。【词语积累词语积累】obvious adj.显然的；明显的显然的；明显的be obvious to sb.对某人来说是显而易见的对某人来说是显而易见的It is obvious that.很明显很明显Its obvious（that）she doesnt like

23、 adventure.显然她不喜欢冒险。单句语法填空单句语法填空（1）（obvious），she is waiting for you to apologize.完成句子完成句子（2）It might（对来说是显而易见的）you，but it isnt to me.（3）（很明显）they are having fun at the seaside.Obviouslybe obvious toIts obvious that16.quit vi.&vt.（quit，quit）停止；戒掉；离开（工作职位、学校等）停止；戒掉；离开（工作职位、学校等）搭配：搭配：quit doing sth.停止做

24、某事（坏事或令人厌烦的事）停止做某事（坏事或令人厌烦的事）A man is not finished when he is defeated.He is finished when he quits.一个人不会毁于失败，而会毁于放弃。一个人不会毁于失败，而会毁于放弃。Im going to quit smoking.我准备戒烟。我准备戒烟。Tell him to quit laughing at that poor man.告诉他不要再嘲笑那个可怜的家伙。告诉他不要再嘲笑那个可怜的家伙。He has decided to quit as manager of the team.他已决定辞掉球队

25、经理的职务。他已决定辞掉球队经理的职务。【正误对比正误对比】quit doing sth.（）quit to do sth.（）单句语法填空单句语法填空（1）To his credit，the editor preferred （quit）rather than give way to false（假的）news.（2）My uncle hasnt been able to quit （smoke），but at least he has cut down.完成句子完成句子（3）I think Tom，as the head of a big department，should either

26、study regularly or（辞掉工作）.to quit smokingquit his job教材原句教材原句p.14 .get used to being responsible for a lot more.习惯承担更多的责任。习惯承担更多的责任。17.responsible adj.负责的；有责任的搭配搭配 be responsible for（doing）sth.对（做）某事负责对（做）某事负责 be responsible for sb.对某人负责对某人负责The boss rather than the workers should be responsible for

27、the accident.They just carried out the order as told.老板而不是工人该对此事故负责，他们只是按命令行事。【误区警示误区警示】（1）responsible 作前置定语和作后置定语时意义不同：a responsible person 可信赖的人，可靠的人 the person responsible 负责人，主管人（2）Sb.be responsible for.某人对某人对负责。负责。Sth.be responsible for.某事是某事是的原因。的原因。【词语积累词语积累】responsibility n.责任，职责，义务责任，职责，义务

28、a sense of responsibility 责任感责任感have/take responsibility for 对对有责任有责任/负责负责You have responsibility for informing us of any changes.=Its your responsibility to inform us of any changes.如有任何变动，你有责任通知我们。单句语法填空单句语法填空（1）As a guide，she should be responsible her tourists.（2）Mike is responsible designing the

29、 whole project.（3）Since no one else has volunteered，Lucy will be responsible for （supply）food for the trip.（4）Its my responsibility（lock）the doors.完成句子完成句子（5）We should （对负责）the next generation.（6）The poor health （是他辞掉这份工作的原因）.（7）The teacher feels （强烈的责任感）towards her students.forforsupplyingto lock b

30、e responsible foris responsible for his quitting the joba strong sense of responsibility18.solution n.解决办法；答案搭配搭配：a solution to 的解决办法/答案（to 是介词）the solution to the problem 问题的解决办法问题的解决办法provide/offer a solution 提供解决办法提供解决办法suggest/put forward a solution 提出解决办法提出解决办法look for a solution 寻找解决办法寻找解决办法【词

31、语积累词语积累】solve vt.解决，解答解决，解答 solve a problem 解决问题解决问题单句语法填空单句语法填空（1）We are working together to find the best（solve）.（2）He volunteered to find a solutionthe hard problem.solutionto教材原句教材原句 p.15 .so I need to make a workable schedule.因此我需要制订一个切实可行的日程计划。因此我需要制订一个切实可行的日程计划。19.schedule n.&vt.（1）n.工作计划；日程安

32、排工作计划；日程安排 on schedule 按预定时间按预定时间 ahead of schedule（=ahead of time）先于预定时间，提前）先于预定时间，提前 behind schedule 迟于预定时间迟于预定时间 have a tight/busy schedule 日程安排紧日程安排紧Having worked for two days，Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.工作了两天，史蒂夫终于设法如期完成了报告。工作了两天，史蒂夫终于设法如期完成了报告。（2）vt.安排；预定安排；预定搭配搭配 schedule.f

33、or.把把安排在安排在 be scheduled to do sth.被安排做某事被安排做某事 The meeting has been scheduled for tomorrow afternoon.会议安排在明天下午。会议安排在明天下午。搭配搭配单句语法填空单句语法填空（1）The party is scheduled the weekend.（2）Our guests are scheduled（arrive）at 7：30 in the evening.完成句子完成句子（3）The operation on the old man will be carried out（按预定（按预

34、定时间）时间）.（4）Thanks to your help，we accomplished the task （提前）（提前）.（5）（我的日程安排很紧）（我的日程安排很紧）right now，but Ill try to fit you in.forto arrive on scheduleahead of schedule/timeMy schedule is very tight核心核心词汇教材原句教材原句 p.12 Volunteer Club 志愿者俱乐部志愿者俱乐部20.volunteer n.&v.（1）n.志愿者志愿者 work/act as a volunteer 做志愿者

35、做志愿者（2）v.自愿（做某事）；自告奋勇，自愿效劳自愿（做某事）；自告奋勇，自愿效劳 to do sth.自愿做某事自愿做某事 for sth.自愿为某事效劳自愿为某事效劳During the emergency，many staff volunteered to work through the weekend.紧急时刻，很多员工都自愿周末加班。紧急时刻，很多员工都自愿周末加班。He volunteered for the army.他自愿参军。他自愿参军。【词语积累词语积累】voluntary adj.志愿的，自愿的志愿的，自愿的 voluntarily adv.自愿地，主动地自愿地，主

36、动地【一言助记一言助记】As a volunteer，he often does voluntary work，and he thinks he has responsibility to help those people in need.作为一名志愿者，他经常做志愿工作，他认为他有责任帮助那些需要帮助的人。作为一名志愿者，他经常做志愿工作，他认为他有责任帮助那些需要帮助的人。搭配搭配：volunteer.题组练领悟方法单句语法填空单句语法填空（1）Why do you want to volunteer our organisation?（2）He volunteered（do）the s

37、tressful job.（3）We work with （volunteer）of all ages and backgrounds.完成句子完成句子（4）（作为志愿者之一），）（作为志愿者之一），I have taught English in a remote mountain village for three years.（5）Jill（自愿组织）（自愿组织）a New Years party.for to dovolunteersAs one of the volunteers volunteered to organize教材原句教材原句 p.12 Debate Club 辩论俱

38、乐部辩论俱乐部21.debate （1）n.辩论；争论辩论；争论 under debate 在辩论在辩论/讨论中讨论中搭配搭配a heated/lively debate 一场激烈的一场激烈的/热烈的争论热烈的争论beyond debate 无可争辩无可争辩The bill is under debate and hasnt been passed yet.该法案正在讨论中，尚未通过。该法案正在讨论中，尚未通过。（2）vt.&vi.辩论；争论辩论；争论 sth.with sb.同某人辩论同某人辩论/讨论某事讨论某事搭配：搭配：debate on/about sth.讨论某事讨论某事 疑问词疑问

39、词+to do sth.讨论讨论 We debated whether to take the earlier train or not.我们讨论到底要不要乘早一点儿的那趟列车。我们讨论到底要不要乘早一点儿的那趟列车。【词语辨析词语辨析】debate 与与 argue（1）debate 侧重侧重“双方各抒己见双方各抒己见”，内含，内含“交锋交锋”的意思。的意思。（2）argue 侧重侧重“说理说理”“”“论证论证”和和“企图说服企图说服”。常用于结构：常用于结构：argue sb.into/out of doing sth.说服某人做说服某人做/不做某事。不做某事。单句语法填空单句语法填空（1

40、）We are having a heated debate the effect of computers on children.（2）We debated them on the question till late into the night.（3）Whether to wear formal clothes or not is debate.完成句子完成句子（4）We had（一场激烈的讨论）（一场激烈的讨论）on the matter.（5）It is a fact （无可争辩）（无可争辩）that the employment pressure of graduates is

41、heavy.（6）We （正在讨论如何设计）（正在讨论如何设计）our new house.on withunder a heated debate beyond debate are debating how to design教材原句教材原句p.12 I prefer helping others.我更喜欢帮助别人。我更喜欢帮助别人。22.prefer vt.较喜欢较喜欢prefer A to B 喜欢喜欢 A 胜过喜欢胜过喜欢 Bprefer doing.（to doing.）宁愿做）宁愿做（而不愿做（而不愿做）搭配搭配prefer to do sth.宁愿做某事宁愿做某事prefer

42、to do.rather than do.宁愿做宁愿做而不愿做而不愿做prefer sb.to do sth.=prefer that sb.（should）do sth.宁愿某人做某事宁愿某人做某事He prefers watching football matches to playing it.比起踢足球来，他更喜欢看足球比赛。比起踢足球来，他更喜欢看足球比赛。Id prefer not to discuss this issue.我宁愿不讨论这个问题。我宁愿不讨论这个问题。Id prefer you not to smoke.=I prefer that you（should）not

43、smoke.我希望你不要抽烟。我希望你不要抽烟。【误区警示误区警示】（1）要注意以上结构中）要注意以上结构中 to 是介词还是不定式符号。是介词还是不定式符号。（2）prefer 意为意为“更喜欢，较喜欢更喜欢，较喜欢”，相当于，相当于 like.better，所以不再与比较级或最高级，所以不再与比较级或最高级连用。连用。【归纳拓展归纳拓展】常见的一些以字母常见的一些以字母 r 结尾的单词变形时，需双写结尾的单词变形时，需双写 r：preferpreferredpreferredpreferring 宁愿宁愿referreferredreferredreferring 参考参考occurocc

44、urredoccurredoccurring 发生发生单句语法填空单句语法填空（1）As a matter of fact，I prefer certaintyadventure.（2）I prefer（go）out and be out.（3）Most people prefer（ride）to work to（drive）with the free-bicycle service offered.（4）Rather than（take）a crowded bus，he prefers（ride）a shared bicycle.一句多译一句多译这个小女孩更喜欢去看电影而不愿独自待在这个小女

45、孩更喜欢去看电影而不愿独自待在 家里。家里。（5）_（6）_ to to go riding driving take to ride The little girl preferred to go to the cinema rather than stay at home alone.The little girl preferred going to the cinema to staying at home alone.指出下列句中指出下列句中sothat引导的从句的类型引导的从句的类型（1）Lets not pick these peaches until this weekend

46、so that they get sweet enough to be eaten.（2）The house is empty for a long time，so that it is filled with dust.同义句转换同义句转换（3）Roses need special care so that they can live through winter.Roses need special care they can live through winter.Roses need special care live through winter.目的状语从句结果状语从句in ord

47、er thatso as to/in order to1.leave alone 不打扰，不惊动不打扰，不惊动leave alone的其他含义：的其他含义：leave asideleave behindleave forleave offleave outlet alonelive aloneImportant phrases不管；不理；让不管；不理；让单独待着单独待着考虑搁置一边，不考虑考虑搁置一边，不考虑忘记带走；留下；超过忘记带走；留下；超过动身去动身去停止，中断；不包括停止，中断；不包括遗漏，省去；忽视，冷落遗漏，省去；忽视，冷落更别说，更不用说更别说，更不用说一个人住一个人住You

48、should contact the professor before you leave_London.for教材原句教材原句p.14 Studying hard isn t always fun.努力学习并不总是那么有趣努力学习并不总是那么有趣2 动名词（短语）作主语动名词（短语）作主语单个的动名词（短语）作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。一般来说，动名词单个的动名词（短语）作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。一般来说，动名词（短语）作主语表示一种抽象的或泛指的动作。（短语）作主语表示一种抽象的或泛指的动作。Doing morning exercises is good for our heal

49、th.做早操对我们的健康有好处。做早操对我们的健康有好处。【学法点拨学法点拨】it 作形式主语，必须用动名词短语作真正主语的句式：作形式主语，必须用动名词短语作真正主语的句式：It is no use/useless doing sth.做某事没有用处。做某事没有用处。It is no good doing sth.做某事没有好处。做某事没有好处。It is a waste of time doing sth.做某事是浪费时间。做某事是浪费时间。Its no use arguing with him.与他争论是没用的。与他争论是没用的。Its no good smoking.Youd bett

50、er give it up.抽烟没好处。你最好戒烟。抽烟没好处。你最好戒烟。Its a waste of time waiting here.在这里等待是浪费时间。在这里等待是浪费时间。单句语法填空单句语法填空（1）（learn）to think critically（批批 判判 地）地）is an important skill todays children will need for the future.（2）Listening to loud music at rock concerts_（have）caused hearing loss in some teenagers.（3）I