2022年中考英语语法-句子成分简析（ppt课件）.pptx

1、句子成分句子成分 S e n t e n c e Elements许定俊 Sven Xu01请输入标题文字主语1词性谓语2宾语3表语4宾语补足语5定语6状语7同位语8句子成分名词1动词2形容词3副词4数词5连词6代词7介词801主语 Subject主语：句子所叙述的主体表示所说的是谁或是什么。1.The apples are delicious.2.She is my sister.3.Eight is a lucky number.5.Smoking is unhealthy.6.The rich should help the poor.7.What he said was not tru

2、e.1.名词或名词短语 2.代词 3.数词 4.不定式(to do)5.动名词(V-ing)6.名词化的形容词 7.主语从句 4.To see is to believe.02谓语 predicate谓语：动词充当。表示动作或具有的特征。简单谓语复合谓语a.由情态动词(can,should)或助动词(be,have)+动词b.系动词(be动词，感官动词look,sound,feel)加表语I like English.1.He can speak French.2.The baby is crying.3.I have finished the homework.4.Has he come b

3、ack?1.Your idea sounds great.2.You are students.03宾语 object宾语：动作的对象或承受者。放在及物动词或介词后。1.I like English.2.I am looking for him.3.-How many pens do you have?-I have six.4.I want to drink some water.5.He enjoys playing basketball.6.The rich should help the poor.1.名词 2.代词 3.数词 4.不定式(to do)5.动名词(V-ing)6.名词化

4、的形容词 7.宾语从句 7.I think(that)he is right.04表语 predicative表语：1.名词 2.代词 3.形容词 4.数词 5.动词不定式 6.动名词 7.介宾短语 8.从句 9.现在分词 10.过去分词 1.He is my friend.2.The book isnt mine.3.The man looks worried.4.He was the first to come to school every day.5.His job is to answer the phone.6.His hobby is swimming.表语：放在系动词（be动词

5、；感官动词look,sound,feel,taste,smell；变化类become；持续性keep等）后，说明主语的特征。7.My hometown is among mountains.8.It seems that she didnt like me.9.I am surprising that you dont know him.10.She is frightened.05宾语补足语 object complement宾语补足语：有些及物动词，接了宾语意义仍不完整，还需要有一个其他的句子成分，来补充说明宾语的意义。宾语补足语：1.名词 2.形容词 3.副词 4.介词短语 5.动词不定

6、式 6.现在分词 7.过去分词 8.从句1.We call him Jack.2.They painted the wall white.6.We saw him entering the room.7.I want your work done on time.5.I asked him to come on time.3.Let the fresh air in.4.He found everything in good order.8.We will make our city what your city is now.06定语 attributive定语：1.名词 2.代词 3.形容

7、词 4.副词 5.数词 6.介词短语 7.动名词 8.动词不定式 9.现在分词 10.过去分词 11.从句1.This is an apple tree.2.My aunt lives in Canada.3.Thats a good idea.4.People there are very friendly.5.She spent seven days on the beach.6.The boy under the tree is John.定语：用来说明名词。放在名词前面成为“前置定语”，放名词后“后置定语”。7.He may be in the reading room.8.He ha

8、s a lot of work to do.9.The sleeping boy is only three years old.10.This university,founded in 1911,is very famous.11.The man who is speaking there is his father.07状语 adverbial状语：1.介词短语 2.副词 3.形容词 4.不定式 5.现在分词 6.过去分词 7.从句2.He writes carefully.1.I lost my phone in the school yesterday.3.They went hom

9、e,cold and hungry状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作的特征，叫做状语。状语的种类很多，可以表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、程度、条件和让步等。方式地点时间4.He turned his head around to look at her.6.Seen from here,the school is very beautiful.7.If you study hard,you will make progress.5.Leaving the office,I met him.多个状语08同位语 appositive“给老娘我滚过来！”同位语：一个名词(或其它形式)对另一个名词或代词进行解释或补充说明，这个名词（或其它形式）就是同位语。1.Mr.Smith,our new teacher,is very kind to us.2.Yesterday I talked to my English teacher,Mr.James.3.We Chinese people are brave and hard-working.THANK YOU