2022年中考英语五大基本句型及句子成分（ppt课件）.pptx

1、什么叫句子成分呢？句子的组成成分叫句子成分。在句子中，词什么叫句子成分呢？句子的组成成分叫句子成分。在句子中，词与词之间有一定的组合关系，按照不同的关系，可以把句子分为与词之间有一定的组合关系，按照不同的关系，可以把句子分为不同的组成成分。句子成分由词或词组充当。不同的组成成分。句子成分由词或词组充当。英语的基本成分有七种：英语的基本成分有七种：主语（主语（subject）、谓语（）、谓语（predicate）、表语（）、表语（predicative）、）、宾语（宾语（object）、定语（）、定语（attribute）、状语）、状语(adverbial)和补语和补语（complement）D

2、escribe Pictures in the Simplest Way主语+谓语He cries.He runs.She laughs.She dances.They talk.GrammarHe cries.He runs.She laughs.She dances.They talk.主语：主语：主语是动作的主语是动作的发出者发出者。一般在一般在句首句首。GrammarShe cries.He runs.I laugh.You dance.They talk.谓谓 语：主语做的语：主语做的动作动作或主语的或主语的状态状态。动词动词 一般在一般在主语后面主语后面。GrammarFewer

3、words,please!1.I sit at the corner yesterday.2.She often cries because she doesnt like study.3.Tom laughs loudly and noisily.4.He suddenly leaves without a second thought.5.They talk about their stories in the classroom together.GrammarAbbreviation1.I sit at the corner yesterday.2.She often cries be

4、cause she doesnt like study.3.Tom laughs loudly and noisily.4.He suddenly leaves without a second thought.5.They talk about their stories in the classroom together.GrammarMake new sentence!nounverbnounGrammarI love you.She reads books.They buy milk.He cleaned the room.You open the door.宾 语：宾语是动作的接受者

5、。一般在谓语后面。主语+谓语+宾语GrammarMake new sentence!nounverbpronounnounGrammarShe made me a flower.My dad sent my mom a present.He gives them a class.Timmy showed me his secret.主语谓语直接宾语forto间接宾语主语+谓语+间宾+直宾 He gives a class for them.She made a flower for me.My dad sent a present to me.Timmy showed his secret t

6、o me.主语+谓语+间宾+直宾=GrammarI am a student.It is humid.We are Chinese.You are a girlHe is good.表表 语：语：表语是表语是主语主语“是什么是什么”或者或者“怎么怎么样样”；表现主语的表现主语的特征特征,状态状态,身份。身份。一般为一般为名词或形容词名词或形容词。在在系动词后面系动词后面。GrammarI am a student.It is humid.We are Chinese.You are a girlHe is good.系动词：常见的有 beam/is/are was/were主语+系动词+表语G

7、rammarMake new sentencesApplesTinaMEbeareatIsweaterrainwearsit oneyesbearZoekissblack boarddogCrazyGrammarMom teaches me a good person.He heard her cry.I named my dog Obama.She makes me laugh.主语+谓语+宾语+宾补宾语补足语：宾语补足语：说明是说明是宾语语宾语语“是什么是什么”或者或者“怎么样怎么样”；表现主语的特征；表现主语的特征,状态状态,身份。身份。在在宾语之后宾语之后。Grammar英语的五种基本

8、句型英语的五种基本句型主谓主系表主谓宾主谓宾+宾补主谓 间宾+直宾=(主谓直宾+to/for 间宾)GrammarReviewThe pen writes smoothlyWho knows the answer?They ate what was left over.He said Good morning.He is growing tall and strong.ReviewWho knows the answer?She smiled her thanks.I showed him my pictures.I gave my car a wash.I saw a cat running

9、 across the road.Review主+谓Make a sentence.主+谓主+谓+宾主+谓主+谓+宾+宾补主+谓+宾主+谓+间宾+直宾主+谓+宾主+谓+宾主+系+表主+系+表主+谓+宾+宾补主+系+表主+谓+间宾+直宾主+谓主+系+表主+谓+宾+宾补Review但常用的英语句子并不都象基本句型这样简短，这些句子但常用的英语句子并不都象基本句型这样简短，这些句子除了基本句型的成分不变外，通常是在这些成分的前面或除了基本句型的成分不变外，通常是在这些成分的前面或后面增加一些修饰语而加以扩大。后面增加一些修饰语而加以扩大。这些修饰语可以是单词（主要是形容词、副词和数词），这些修饰语可

10、以是单词（主要是形容词、副词和数词），也可以是各种类型的短语（主要是介词短语、不定式短语也可以是各种类型的短语（主要是介词短语、不定式短语和分词短语）。和分词短语）。我们称之为：我们称之为：定语、状语定语、状语The little boy wants a red gift.Bob is a naughty boy.There is a good boy.The girl in the classroom must clean the window.We have nothing to do today.There are eleven boys who will play soccer.定语：

11、是对是对名词或代词名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的起修饰、限定作用的词、词、短语或句子短语或句子，汉语中常用，汉语中常用的的表示。定表示。定语通常位于被修饰的成分前。语通常位于被修饰的成分前。挑出下列句中的定语 They use Mr./Mrs.with the family name.What is your given name?On the third lap are Class 1 and Class 3.I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor.The man downstairs was trying to sleep.I am

12、 waiting for the sound of the other shoe!The boy needs a pen nowIn the classroom,the boy needs a pen.The boy needs a pen very much.状语是说明动作发生的状语是说明动作发生的时间时间，地点地点，方式方式，目的目的，原因原因，结结果果等；等；修饰动词，形容词或者副词本身；修饰动词，形容词或者副词本身；中心词：副词；中心词：副词；位置：句首，句中，句末位置：句首，句中，句末挑出下列句中的状语 There was a big smile on her face.Every

13、night he heard the noise upstairs.He began to learn English when he was eleven.The man on the motorbike was traveling too fast.With the medicine box under her arm,Miss Li hurried off.She loves the library because she loves books.I am afraid that if youve lost it,you must pay for it.The students foll

14、owed Uncle Wang to see the other machine.判断下列句子属于何种基本句型。1.Time flies by._2.It slipped my mind._3.I sent you an E-mail._4.It cost me three dollars._5.You can leave the door open._6.He speaks English well._7.Teachers will make your English better._8.They elected George W.Bush US President._9.The novel won the author a Nobel Prize._10.They found the dead boy._判断下列句子属于何种句型并翻译成汉语。【答案】1.SV时光飞逝2.SVO这使我下定了决心。3.SVOO 我给了你一份礼物。4.SV英雄所见略同(傻瓜很少意见不合)。5.SVOC你可以让门开着。6.SVO他英语说得很好。7.SV本性难移8.SVOC 老师会让你的英语更好。9.SVOO 这本小说为作者赢得了诺贝尔奖。10.SVO他们找到了死去的男孩。see you!