2022年中考英语考纲短语300个（ppt课件）.pptx

1、中考考纲词汇中考考纲词汇300个之（个之（1）1 be able tobe able to do sth 能做某事例：例：He is able to play basketball.他会打篮球。与与can的区别：的区别：can只有现在和过去2种时态，be able to可以用在任意时态拓展：拓展：_ n.能力；_ adj.不能胜任的例：He is a man of great ability.他是位能力很强的人。2 be about tobe about to do sth 即将做某事例：例：He is about to return to his homeland.他即将回乡。注：注：后接动

2、词原形，注意该短语不与具体的时间状语连用。3 above allabove all 首先，特别是例：例：Never waste anything,but above all never waste time.任何东西都不可浪费，特别是不可浪费时间。拓展：拓展：above与over：两者都可表示“高于”，over 主要表示垂直方向的正上方，而 above 则不一定表示正上方(即可以是正上方也可以不是正上方)。4 by accidentby accident 偶然，不小心偶然，不小心例：例：We met each other again completely by accident.我们再次相遇，

3、完全出于偶然。联想：联想：by accident=by chance 偶然地5 across fromacross from 在在的对面的对面例：例：Our school is across from a public toilet.我们学校在一个公厕对面。辨析：辨析：across 是介词，不是动词，与之意义相近的动词形式是cross，注意不要混淆。当我们想表达穿过马路，可以说cross the street，也可以说go/walk across the street6 afford to do sth.afford to do sth.付得起（时间、金钱）做某事例：例：He is not a

4、ble to afford to buy a new car.他不能负担得起买一辆新车。be afraid of sth/doing sth.7be afraid of sth/doing sth害怕某事害怕某事/做某事做某事例：例：He is afraid of nothing.他什么都不怕。辨析：辨析：be afraid of doing sth 与 be afraid to do sth：两者均可表示“害怕做做某事”、“不敢做某事”，但若要表示担心可能会发生某事时，则只能用 be afraid of doing。例：I was afraid of hurting her feelings

5、.我怕伤了她的感情。拓展：拓展：be afraid for“替.担心”+令人担心或出于危险之中的事物8 take advantage oftake advantage of 利用、占便宜利用、占便宜例例1：He took advantage of the good weather to go for a walk.他趁着天气好，出去散散步。例例2：He is always taking advantage of me.他老是占我的便宜。9 again and againagain and again 再三地，反复地再三地，反复地例：例：Our English teacher tells us

6、to study hard again andagain.我们的英语老师反复地告诉我们要刻苦学习。拓展：over again and again=over and over again10fight againstfight against 与与作斗争作斗争例：例：Lets fight against the enemy.让我们与敌人作斗争吧。11at the age ofat the age of 在在岁的时候岁的时候例：例：At the age of 12,my parents held a birthday party for me.我12岁时，爸爸妈妈为我举办了一个生日宴会。12agr

7、ee withagree with 同意同意意见意见(想法想法)；一致；一致例例1：We all agree with you.我们大家都同意你的意见。例例2：To ms words dont agree with his actions.汤姆的言行不一致。拓展：拓展：agree to do sth.同意做某事例：He agreed to show me around the factory.他答应带我逛逛这家工厂。13all dayall day 一整天一整天例：例：We shall not read all day and had better spare time toconsider.

8、我们不应该一天到晚地死读书，最好抽点时间来思考。14all overall over 遍及遍及例：例：My dream is to travel all over the world.我的梦想是游遍全世界。15all rightall right 好；行；不错好；行；不错例：例：His study is always all right.他的学习成绩一向不错。辨析：辨析：Thats right._Thats all right._16all the year roundall the year round 一年到头一年到头例：例：Her father is busy with his busi

9、ness all the year round.她爸爸一年到头都在忙生意。17allow sb.to do sthallow sb.to do sth 允许某人做某事例：例：We do not allow people to smoke here.我们不许人们在此吸烟。拓展：拓展：be allowed to do sth.被允许做某事Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.青少年应该被允许选择他们自己的衣服。18be angry with sb.be angry with sb.对某人生气对某人生气例：例：Parents

10、had better not often be angry with children.父母最好不要经常对孩子发脾气。拓展：拓展：be angry at/about sth.对某事生气He is always getting angry at/about something.他总是为一些事生气。19arm in armarm in arm 手挽手地手挽手地例：例：Lily and Lucy walked arm in arm.丽丽和露西手挽手地走着。拓展：拓展：手牵手：hand _ hand；肩并肩：shoulder _ shoulder20arrive in/atarrive in/at 到

11、达到达例：例：At 7 oclock,we arrived at the railway station.我们7点钟到了火车站。注意：注意：当arrive 后接here,there,home 之类的表地点的副词作状语时，不需要加介词。arrive here/there/home21as if 好像as if 好像好像例：例：It looks as if it is going to rain.看起来好像要下雨。拓展：as if=as though 好像22as long asas long as 只要只要例：例：I wont forget as long as I live.我一辈子都忘不了。

12、23as usualas usual 像平常一样像平常一样例：例：It is raining heavily but I go to school as usual.虽然雨下得很大，但我还是像平常一样去上学。24as wellas well 也也例：例：Tom was praised by his teacher as well.汤姆也得到了老师的表扬。25asasasas 与与一样一样例：例：Paul has already been as tall as his father.保罗已经和父亲一样高了。26not as/soasnot as/soas 不如不如例：例：This coat is

13、 not as/so beautiful as that one.这件外套不如那件好看。注：asas 可以用在肯定句和否定句中，但soas 只能用于否定句，即not soas的表达27ask sb.for sthask sb.for sth 向某人寻求某事向某人寻求某事例：例：May I ask you for help?我能请您帮个忙吗？28ask sb.to do sthask sb.to do sth 叫某人做某事叫某人做某事例：例：My mother asked me to have dinner.我妈妈叫我回家吃饭了。29fall asleepfall asleep 入睡入睡例：例：

14、As soon as he went to bed,he fell asleep.他一倒在床上就睡着了。30pay attention topay attention to 注意；关注注意；关注例：例：Dont pay attention to what they say.别在意他们所说的。注意：注意：pay attention to中to是介词，后面接动词时要注意接动词-ing形式，即pay attention to doing sth.关注做某事1.He _ return to his homeland.他即将回乡。2.Never waste anything,but _ never wa

15、stetime.任何东西都不可浪费，特别是不可浪费时间。3.We met each other again completely_.我们再次相遇，完全出于偶然。4.He is not able to _ buy a new car.他不能负担得起买一辆新车。5.He_ the good weather to go for awalk.他趁着天气好,出去散散步。6.Lets _ the enemy.让我们与敌人作斗争吧。7.We shall not read _and_ spare time to consider.我们不应该一天到晚地死读书，最好抽点时间来思考。8.His study is a

16、lways_.他的学习成绩一向不错。9.Lily and Lucy walked _.丽丽和露西手挽手地走着。10.It looks _ it is going to rain.看起来好像要下雨。11.I wont forget _I live.我一辈子都忘不了。12.Tom was praised by his teacher_.汤姆也得到了老师的表扬。13.Paul has already been _ his father.保罗已经和父亲一样高了。14.This coat is _ that one.这件外套不如那件好看。15.D ont _ what they s ay.别在意他们所说

17、的。1.be able to2.be about to3.above all4.by accident5.across from6.afford to do sth7.be afraid of sth/doing sth8.take advantage of9.again and again10.fight against11.at the age of12.agree with13.all day14.all over15.all right16.all the year round17.allow sb to do sth18.be angry with sb.19.arm in arm20.arrive in/at21.as if22.as long as23.as usual24.as well25.asas26.not as/soas27.ask sb.for sth28.ask sb.to do sth29.fall asleep30.pay attention to