2021年重庆市仁爱版九年级英语专项复习-定语从句讲解 （ppt课件）.pptx

1、The Attributive Clause定定 语语 从从 句句The Attributive Clause定定 语语 从从 句句修饰修饰某一某一名词或代词名词或代词的的从句从句叫定语从句。叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后被被定语从句定语从句修饰修饰的的词词叫先行词叫先行词引导引导定语从句的词叫关系词。定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词分为关系词分为关系代词关系代词和和关系副词关系副词。定语从句定语从句先行词先行词关系词关系词定语从句的三个概念定语从句的三个概念先行词先行词+关系词关系词+定语从句定语从句定语从句的相关概念定语从句的关系词Th

2、e man(who)I talked with is our teacher.A person who steals things is called a thief.(who在从句中作宾语，可省)(who在从句中做主语，不可省)（）（）We can talk to our teachers.Our teachers can give us good advice.We can talk to our teachers who can give us good advice.who在从句中做在从句中做主语主语，不可省不可省Is he the man that wants to see you?

3、He is the man that I saw yesterday.（）（）(that在从句中作主语)(that在从句中作宾语)定语从句的关系词We can read newspapers to the old.We can read newspapers to the old that/who cant read.The old cant read.that 在从句中做在从句中做主语主语，不可省不可省A prosperity which/that has never been seen before appears in the countryside.The package which/

4、that you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.（）(which/that在从句中作主语)(which/that在从句中作宾语)定语从句的关系词After school,boys like to play soccer.Soccer can teach them the meaning of teamwork.After school,boys like to play soccer which/that can teach them the meaning of teamwork.which/that 在从句中做在从句中做主语主语，不可省不可

5、省 Is it the one that you want?I havent got much that I can give you.1.1.先行词被先行词被形容词最高级形容词最高级或或序数词序数词修饰时修饰时,用用that.that.This is the most interesting story(that)I have ever heard.The first meeting(that)we will take part in will be held in the afternoon.2.先行词是先行词是 something,nothing,anything等不定代词时等不定代词时

6、,用用that.Here is something(that)I will tell you.3.先行词是先行词是all,any,few,much,little,the one,no,every,none或被他们或被他们 修饰时修饰时,用用 that.在在下列情况下下列情况下只用关系代词只用关系代词that,而不用而不用which。Who is the woman that is speaking at the meeting?4.4.先行词有先行词有the very,the only,the very,the only,the the lastlast等修饰时等修饰时,用用that.that

7、.My necklace is not the only thing that is missing.5.先行词既有先行词既有人人也有也有物物时时,只能用只能用that.6.主句是以主句是以who或或which开头的特殊疑问句时，用开头的特殊疑问句时，用that.I can remember the persons and some pictures(that)I see.He is not the man that he used to be.l 不能用不能用that的情况：的情况：（1）介词前置时;（2）非限定性定语从句中;（3）先行词本身是that。注:which在定语从句中指物指物，可

8、作主语、及物动词或介词的宾语，作宾语时可省略;that在定语从句中既可指人又可指物既可指人又可指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时可省略。指人时，相当于who或whom;指物时，相当于which，作介词宾语时，介词不可提到that前，当介词提前时，需要用which或whom来代替。The man(whom/who)I talked to is Mr.Wang.The man to whom I talked is Mr.Wang.(who/whom在从句中作宾语，可省)(whom在从句中做宾语，前有介词不可省)（）（）定语从句的关系词They rushed over to help

9、the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。Please pass me the book whose cover is green.=Please pass me the book the cover of which is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。意为这个男人的车意为这本书的封皮定语从句的关系词Their songs are very popular among students.They are singers.They are singers whose songs are very popular among stude

10、nts.whose 在从句中做在从句中做定语定语，不可省不可省1.The girl _ you saw at the meeting is a good swimmer.2.The town _ we visited a few years ago is much larger than before.3.April 1st is a day _ is called April Fools Day.4.The girl _ often helps me with my English is fromTian-jing Middle School.选用 that,who,whom 或 which

11、 填空(who/whom/that)(which/that)(which/that)(who/that)practice关系副词：关系副词：是用来引导定语从句的，他和关系代词一样，在从句 中代替先行词（表时间、地点或理由），在句中作状语。定语从句的关系词The room wasnt clean.+We stayed.The room where we stayed wasnt clean.The room at which we stayed wasnt clan.The room(which/that)we stayed at wasnt clean.先行词是表示地点的词（）（）（）定语从句

12、的关系词This is our school.We have studied in this shool for 3 years.This is our school where we have studied for 3 years.where 在定语从句中作地点状语where 在定语从句中作地点状语 where =介词 +which I want to know the place.I was born there.I want to know the place where(=in which)I was born.The table where(=at which)she is sit

13、ting is a new one.This is our school where we have studied for 3 years.注意：注意：不要一见到先行词为地点名词，就以为一定要用关系副词where来引导定语从句，同时还要看它在定语从句中充当什么成分：如果在定语从句中用作地点状语，就用where;如果在定语从句中用作主语或宾语，要用that,which等。如:He works in a factory that/which makes TV sets.他在一家电视机厂工作。(关系词在从句中做主语，不可省)从句谓语，缺主语定语从句的关系词Is this the place?Som

14、e German friends visited the place last year.adverbial 状语object 宾语Is this the place?You were born in theplace.Is this the place where you were born?Is this the place which some German friends visited last year?The factory is in the west of the city.His father works in the factory.His father visited

15、the factory.The factory was built 20 years ago.object 宾语adverbial 状语The factory where his father works is in the west of the city.The factory which his father visited was built 20 years ago.Ill never forget the day.+We played together.Ill never forget the day when we played together.Ill never forget

16、 the day on which we played together.先行词是表示时间的词（）（）定语从句的关系词 when 在定语从句中作时间状语 when =介词 +whichShe will never forget the day when(=on which)she was married.The Mid-Autumn Festival is a festival when people usually eat mooncakes.She will never forget the day.She was married on that day.注意：注意：不要一见到先行词为时间

17、名词，就以为一定要用关系副词when来引导定语从句，同时还要看它在定语从句中充当什么成分：如果在定语从句中用作时间状语，就用when;如果在定语从句中用作主语或宾语，要用that,which等。如:Dont forget the time(that,which)Ive told you.不要忘记我告诉你的时间。(关系词在从句中做宾语，可省)tell 是及物动词，后可跟双宾语定语从句的关系词5.I will never forget the day _ we worked together.A.which B.when C.that D.on that6.I will never forget

18、the day _ we spent together,A.when B.where C.what D.thatA:We worked on the day together.B:We spent the day together.when=on+whichpracticeThis is the reason why he did not come to school today.why 在从句中作原因状语,其先行词常常是the reason.why =for whichThat is the reason why(=for which)Im late.I know the reason wh

19、y he said it.词 形先行词在句中作用关that人或物主,宾语系which物主,宾语who人主,宾语代whom人宾语词Whose(=of whom/of which)人或物定语关When(=介词介词+which)时间状语系Where(=介词介词+which)地点状语副how方式状语词Why(=for which)原因状语一一.当关系代词在从句中作主语时，当关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词形式与先行词一致，从句谓语动词形式与先行词一致，即即先行词是先行词是，从句谓语动词用，从句谓语动词用形式；先行词是形式；先行词是，从句谓语，从句谓语动词用动词用。1.Those who want

20、 to go to the cinema must be at the school gate by 3:30 p.m.2.He who doesnt reach the Great Wall is not a true man.二.定语从句前是定语从句前是one of the+复数名词时复数名词时，从句动词用，从句动词用形式；从句前是形式；从句前是the only/very/right one of the+复数名词复数名词时时，从句动词用，从句动词用形式。形式。e.g.1.She is the only one of the girls who has been to Beijing.2.

21、He is one of the boys who have seen the film.3.Jim is one of the students who good at Chinese.4.Jim is the only one of the students who good at Chinese.定语从句应定语从句应注意的事项注意的事项四四.当先行词是表示时间或地点的名词或代词时，并非都用当先行词是表示时间或地点的名词或代词时，并非都用when或或where来引导从句，关键是看来引导从句，关键是看关系词在从句中的语法作用关系词在从句中的语法作用。The time when I went

22、to Tokyo is in 1986.Ill never forget the time which/that I spent at college.The shop which I bought is big.The shop where/in which I bought the book is big.定语从句应注意的事项定语从句应注意的事项三三.关系代词在从句中作宾语时可省略，关系代词在从句中作宾语时可省略，但当其前有介词时则不能省略但当其前有介词时则不能省略。此。此时只能用时只能用Which（指物）或（指物）或whom(指人），构成指人），构成“介词介词+which/whom“结构

23、。结构。Math is the subject in which Im interested.=Math is the subject which Im interested in.Bill is the person about whom he oftrn talks.=Bill is the person about(whom/who/that)he often talks about.1).先行词是anyone,someone,those时，关系词使用who Those who want to go to the Great Wall are our friends.Is there a

24、nyone who wants to go there?2).在there be 句型中，先行词指人,关系词用who There is an old man who wants to see you.There are many young men who are against him.五五.如果如果先行词先行词是指是指人人,关系代词可用关系代词可用 who,that,whom,whose(用做定语用做定语)who、that在指人时在指人时,可以通用可以通用,但下列但下列 宜用宜用 who,不用不用 that 第一步：看先行词。第二步：看从句。定语从句的关系词第二步：看从句。系 动 词系 动

25、 词表 语表 语先 行 词先 行 词第三步：定语从句谓语动词和先行词保持一致。worksworkStep 1 判定判定主从句主从句部分部分Step 2 判定判定先行词先行词Step 3 把从句把从句还原还原，看先行词看先行词在从句中充当何成分在从句中充当何成分。总结：选择关系词的三个步骤总结：选择关系词的三个步骤.单项选择单项选择1.There is nothing _ I can do.A.that B.which C.who D.what2.Do you know the man _ is wearing glasses?A.who B.which C.what D.where3.The

26、boy _ is playing football is my brother.A.which B.who C.what D.where4.Ill never forget the day _ I first met her.A.what B.who C.which D.when5.I cant find the book _ my mother bought mA.who B.when C.which D.what(A)(A)(B)(D)(C)practice用用who,whom,that,whose 填空填空1.Do you know the woman _ you met at the

27、gate?2.The person to _ you just talked is Mr Li.3.Were looking for a thief _ likes stealing necklace.4.Who is the man _ is reading the book over there?5.The babies _ the nurses are looking after are healthy.6.The boy _ parents died two years ago lives with his grandpa now.7.This dictionary is for the students _ first language isnt English.whowhomwhothatwhomwhosewhoseWriting1.Write a short passage to describe one of your friends/teachers/classmates.2.You need to use the attributive clause.Thank you!Enjoy our life,enjoy everything that we have！