2022年中考英语语法被动语态 （ppt课件）.ppt

1、中考英语语法之一般时态的被动语态学习目标Course Objectives1.掌握被动语态的基本结构和用法2.掌握一般时态的被动语态3.掌握含情态动词的被动语态4.主动结构表被动意义5.含to的被动语态短语目录Catalog1.引入2.被动语态的基本结构和用法3.一般时态的被动语态4.含有情态动词的被动语态5.主动结构表被动意义6.含to的被动语态短语7.课后总结8.诊断反馈课程引入内容讲解课后总结诊断反馈课程引入课程引入内容讲解课后总结诊断反馈猫打老鼠。The cat beats the mouse.老鼠被猫打。The mouse is beaten by the cat.课程引入PART

2、02PART 02被动语态的基本结构和用法英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态：主动语态（Active Voice）和被动语态（Passive Voice）。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。被动语态：be+done(及物动词的过去分词)Football is played by people.被动语态的基本结构和用法The cat beats the mouse.（主动主语动）The mouse is beaten by（由）the cat.（被动主被动）主 谓 宾被动语态的基本结构和用法规则动词的过去分词和过去式基本一致

3、。1.一般在动词末尾加-ed；2.以不发音e字母结尾的，加d；3.以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加 -ed；4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i，再加-ed；动词的过去分词不规则动词过去式和过去分词：am/is-was-been are-were-been do-did-done see-saw-seen give-gave-given go-went-gone come-came-come have-had-had 动词的过去分词双宾语的被动语态My father gave me a dictionary.I was given a dictionary

4、by my father.My father gave me a dictionary.A dictionary was given to me by my father.类似用法的动词：buy,give,leave,lend,pay,show,teach,tell,bring,pass,sell,send被动语态后的介词用to/forIts known/reported/said/believed（that）.Its said that it will rain soon.据说很快要下雨。Its reported the presedent will visit China.据报道总统将要访

5、问中国。Its believed the story is true.众所周知这个故事是真实的。被动语态的特殊句式1.-Our classroom is so clean.-It _ every day.A.is cleaned B.was cleanedC.cleans D.cleaned2.Today,computers are really helpful.They _ everywhere.A.use B.are used C.used D.were used课堂练习1.-Our classroom is so clean.-It _ every day.A.is cleaned B.

6、was cleanedC.cleans D.cleaned2.Today,computers are really helpful.They _ everywhere.A.use B.are used C.used D.were usedAB课堂练习1.这个男孩被他的爷爷照顾。2.这辆车被我的爸爸驾驶。3.据报道越来越多的人离开了那个国家。课堂练习1.这个男孩被他的爷爷照顾。The boy is taken care of by his grandfather.2.这辆车被我的爸爸驾驶。The car is driven by my father.3.据报道越来越多的人正离开那个国家。Its

7、reported that more and more people are leaving the country.课堂练习PART 03PART 03各种时态的被动语态时态主/被动语态练习一般现在时do/beThe classroom by us.(clean)am/is/are done一般过去时did/was/wereThe kite by him yesterday.(make)was/were done一般将来时will/shall/be going to doTrees by them tomorrow.(plant)will/shall/be going to be done一

8、般时态的被动语态【例题精讲】Flowers _along the road last year.A.plant B.planted C.are planted D.were planted一般时态的被动语态【例题精讲】Flowers _along the road last year.A.plant B.planted C.are planted D.were planted【考点精析】D.本题考查一般过去时的被动语态结构。根据flowers与plant是被动关系应选用被动语态；再根据时间状语last year可知本句是一般过去时，因此用were planted。一般时态的被动语态1.The

9、students _ often _(tell)to take care of their desks and chairs.2.That play _(put)on again sometime next month.3.Vegetables,eggs and fruits_(sell)in this shop.4.Piano concert _(give)here last Friday.用动词的正确语态填空课堂练习1.The students _ often _(tell)to take care of their desks and chairs.2.That play _(put)o

10、n again sometime next month.3.Vegetables,eggs and fruits_(sell)in this shop.4.Piano concert _(give)here last Friday.用动词的正确语态填空【答案】1.are told 2.will be put 3.are sold 4.was given 课堂练习PART 04PART 04含有情态动词的被动语态【例题精讲】-Teachers often say that mistakes should _ in time.-I think so.Its really good advice.A

11、.correct B.be correcting C.have corrected D.be corrected含情态动词的被动语态【例题精讲】-Teachers often say that mistakes should _ in time.-I think so.Its really good advice.A.correct B.be correcting C.have corrected D.be corrected【考点精析】D.本题考查含有情态动词的被动语态结构：（注意：由于情态动词后 要用动词原形，所以含有情态动词的被动语态结构中be无变化。）must/may/might/ca

12、n/should/could+be done含情态动词的被动语态1.The old man is ill.He _(should,send)to the hospital.2._the magazine _(can,take)out of the library?3.As everyone knows,rubbish _(must,throw)everywhere.课堂练习【答案】1.should be sent 2.Can;be taken 3.mustnt be thrown PART 05PART 05主动结构表被动意义1.need,want,require（要求，需要）/be wort

13、h（值得）1）这本书值得一读。The book is worth reading.2）这座古建筑需要修了。The old building requires repairing.3）这些幼苗将需要小心的照管。These young seedlings will need looking after.主动结构表被动含义2.官系动词：look（看起来）/sound（听起来）/taste（尝起来）/feel（感觉起来）/smell（闻起来）1）我们穿着制服很难看。Uniforms look ugly on us.2）月饼尝起来很好吃。Moon cakes taste delicious.主动结构表被

14、动含义3.sell,wash,write,read,clean,cook,break,catch,drive,lock,open等词作不及物动词时，主语为物。它们被用来描述主语特征，通常与well,easily,smoothly等副词连用。1）这种钢笔写起来很流畅。This kind of pen writes very smoothly.2）这种样式的衬衫在这儿卖得很好。This kind of shirt sells well here.3）这种布料很容易清洗。This kind of cloth washes easily.主动结构表被动含义【例题精讲】Your hair wants _

15、.Youd better have it done tomorrow.A.cut B.to cut C.cutting D.being cut 主动结构表被动含义【例题精讲】Your hair wants _.Youd better have it done tomorrow.A.cut B.to cut C.cutting D.being cut【考点精析】选C.本题考查主动结构表被动含义：want/need/require doing=want/need/require to be done 根据句意“你的头发需要剪了。”hair和cut之间是被动关系，根据want主动表被动的用法，用cu

16、tting。主动结构表被动含义1.-How do you like the material?-Very much.It _soft and nice.A.feels B.is felt C.is feeling D.felt 2.-Do you like the new pen?-Yes.It _ very well.A.is written B.is writing C.wrote D.writes课堂练习1.-How do you like the material?-Very much.It _soft and nice.A.feels B.is felt C.is feeling D

17、.felt2.-Do you like the new pen?-Yes.It _ very well.A.is written B.is writing C.wrote D.writes 【答案】1.A 2.D课堂练习1.这种裤子卖的很好。This kind of pants _well.2.那个故事听起来很有趣。That story _interesting.3.那本小说值得读。That novel is worth _.4.我的手表需要修理。My watch needs _.课堂练习【答案】1.sells 2.sounds 3.reading 4.repairing1.这种裤子卖的很好。

18、This kind of pants _well.2.那个故事听起来很有趣。That story _interesting.3.那本小说值得读。That novel is worth _.4.我的手表需要修理。My watch needs _.课堂练习PART 06PART 06含to的被动语态短语变被动还原to：四看三使两听一感觉四看（look/see/watch/notice）三使（make/have/let）两听（listen to/hear）一感觉（feel）A girl saw my wallet drop when she passed by.My wallet was seen

19、to drop by a girl when she passed by.The boss made the little boy do heavy work.The little boy was made to do heavy work by the boss.含to的被动语态短语【例题精讲】In the past the children were made _15 hours a day.A.to lock B.work C.to work D.lock含to的被动语态短语【例题精讲】In the past the children were made _15 hours a day.

20、A.to lock B.work C.to work D.lock【考点精析】C.使役动词make sb.do结构变被动时要还原省略掉的to，即be made to do结构。含to的被动语态短语主动变被动：1.We often see him play football._.2.The boss made his workers work 12 hours a day._.3.I heard her sing an English song just now._.4.I felt the ship roll._.课堂练习主动变被动：1.We often see him play footba

21、ll._.2.The boss made his workers work 12 hours a day._.3.I heard her sing an English song just now._.4.I felt the ship roll._.【答案】1.He is often seen to play football.2.The workers were made to work 12 hours a day by the boss.3.She was heard to sing an English song just now.4.The ship was felt to roll.课堂练习PART 07PART 07课后总结被动语态的基本结构？一般时态呢？双宾语的被动语态？含情态动词的?主动结构表被动意义?含to的被动语态短语?课堂总结