2021年人教版中考英语复习-动词时态系统复习 专项讲解 （ppt课件）.ppt

1、 动词时态的系统复习动词时态的系统复习 动词的五种基本形式动词的五种基本形式原型原型三单式三单式现在分词现在分词过去式过去式过去分词过去分词dodoesdoingdiddonehavehashaving hadhadgogoesgoingwentgonecomecomescomingcamecomebeis/was beingwas/werebeen 动词三单式变化动词三单式变化规则规则例子例子1 1、一般在词尾加、一般在词尾加-s-s，(清辅音后清辅音后读读/s/s/，在浊辅音后读，在浊辅音后读/z/z/；在；在t t后读后读/ts/,/ts/,在在d d后读后读/dz/dz/。)playp

2、layplayplays s leaveleaveleaveleaves sswimswimswimswims s2 2、以字母、以字母s,x,ch,sh,os,x,ch,sh,o结尾的词结尾的词加加-es-es，读，读/iz/,/iz/,如果动词原形词尾如果动词原形词尾已有已有e,e,则只加则只加-s-s。pass pass passpasses es fixfixfixfixes esteachteachteachteaches es wishwishwishwishes esdodododoes es3 3、以辅音字母加、以辅音字母加y y结尾的词结尾的词，先变，先变y y为为i,i,再

3、加再加-es,-es,读读/z/z/studystudystudstudiesies carrycarrycarrcarriesiesflyflyfl fliesies4 4、特殊变化：、特殊变化：have-hashave-has动词动词-ing-ing形式的构成：形式的构成：1、直接加、直接加ing，如：，如：eat-eating，play-playing，go-going2、去、去e加加ing，如：，如：write-writing，take-taking，make-making3、双写字母加、双写字母加ing，run-running，swim-swimming，shop-shopping

4、get-getting，sit-sitting，kid-kidding4、改、改ie为为y加加ing，lie-lying，tie-tying，die-dying动词动词过去式过去分词过去式过去分词变化规则变化规则：1、直接加、直接加ed，如：，如：play-played-played2、直接加、直接加d，如：，如：live-livedlived3、双写尾字母加、双写尾字母加ed，如：，如：stop-stopped-stopped，plan-planned-planned，prefer-preferred-preferred4、改、改y为为i加加ed，try-tried，study-studie

5、d，cry-cried，carrycarried5、特殊变化、特殊变化,如如,go-went-gone，lead-led-led 见见不规则动词表不规则动词表八下八下P136一般一般现在现在时时一般一般过去过去时时一般一般将来将来时时现在现在进行进行时时过去进行时过去进行时现在完成时现在完成时过过去去将将来来时时过去完成时过去完成时now现在现在过去过去将来将来pastfuture初中阶段初中阶段8种时态：种时态：初中阶段初中阶段8种时态：种时态：1.一般现在时一般现在时(am,is,are/do,does)2.一般过去时一般过去时(was,were/did)3.一般将来时一般将来时(will

6、/am/is/are going to)4.现在进行时现在进行时(主主+am/is/are+doing)5.过去进行时过去进行时(主主+was/were+doing)6.现在完成时现在完成时(主主+have/has+done)7.过去完成时过去完成时(主主+had+done)8.过去将来时过去将来时(would/was/were going to)一般现在时一般现在时:1.表示现在的状态表示现在的状态:(am,is,are)I am tired today.He isnt busy at the moment.Are they at home?2.表示经常反复发生的动作表示经常反复发生的动作.

7、(do,does)They spend their holidays in the south once a year.-Does Maryoften go home?No,she doesnt.常搭配表频率的时间状语常搭配表频率的时间状语:always,usually,often,sometimes,hardly ever never,from time to time,at times,now and then every day,once a week,three times a year1.3.表示客观真理表示客观真理,谚语谚语,格言格言.The sun rises in the ea

8、st and sets in the west.4.在时间状语从句或条件状语从句中在时间状语从句或条件状语从句中,用一般现用一般现在时代替一般将来时在时代替一般将来时(主将从现）主将从现）:I will be happy if you are here.We will go when he comes.She will go to the park if it doesnt rain tomorrow.I will do it better if I am given another five minutes.一般过去时一般过去时 1、表示过去的状态或特征、表示过去的状态或特征.It was

9、not rainy last week.They were taxi drivers many years ago.2、表示过去某一具体时间发生过的动作、表示过去某一具体时间发生过的动作.I reviewed my lessons last night.I didnt know he was your father.Did you go to school yesterday?3.表示过去经常反复发生的动作表示过去经常反复发生的动作.Peter often played basketball when he was in college.2.现在进行时现在进行时构成：主语构成：主语+be(am

10、,is,are)+doing现在进行时态表示说话瞬间正在发生或进行现在进行时态表示说话瞬间正在发生或进行的动作。标志词：的动作。标志词：now，right now，at the moment，at 6：00，look，listen等。等。1、I am waiting for my mother now.2.Look!Jim isnt doing his homework now.3.-What are they doing?-Listen,they are singing.3.过去进行时过去进行时构成：主语构成：主语+be(was,were)+doing一一、表示过去的某个时刻正在发生或进行、

11、表示过去的某个时刻正在发生或进行的动作。的动作。1、He was doing shopping at this time yesterday.2、We were having a discussion at that time.4.过去进行时过去进行时二二.表示过去表示过去某一阶段某一阶段正在进行的动作正在进行的动作.1.Peter was playing chess the whole afternoon yesterday.2.We were having a meeting from nine to eleven yesterday.三三.用于用于 when,while,as等引导的表示

12、过去等引导的表示过去的时间状语从句中的时间状语从句中:1.As I was watching TV,the telephone rang.2.Mother was cooking when I came home.3.I was shopping while it was snowing.4.一般将来时（一般将来时（1）概念概念:表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态。的状态。标志语：标志语：tomorrow、next week/month.、in.、tomorrow morning/evening 一、主语一、主语+will（shall）+动原动原1、I

13、will（shall）go to Beijing tomorrow.2、They wont have a party on Sunday evening.3、-Will it be sunny soon?No,it wont.When will the movie begin?5.一般将来时（2）构成：构成：主语主语+be going to+动原动原1、I am going to have a birthday party next week.2、It isnt going to rain later.3、Is Tom going to visit his parents？4、-What ar

14、e you going to be in the future？-I am going to be a nurse.一般将来时（3）现在进行时表将来：现在进行时表将来：构成：主语构成：主语+be（am，is，are）+doing1、I am going to Yichang tomorrow.2、Summer vacation is coming.3、Are they going to mountains this weekend？4、-What are you doing for vacation？-I am going to the beach.过去将来时过去将来时:概念概念:表示过去某一

15、时间将要发生的动作或存在表示过去某一时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态。常用于主句是过去时态的宾语从句中。的状态。常用于主句是过去时态的宾语从句中。结构结构:主语主语+would+动原动原 主语主语+be(was、were)going to+动原动原1、Betty said she would visit her uncle next Saturday.2、She was not sure when the bus was going to left.3、They told me that they were going to go fishing later.6.现在完成时现在完成时:结构结构:

16、主语主语+have/has+done用法一：表示过去的动作或状态对现在产生的影用法一：表示过去的动作或状态对现在产生的影响和结果常与响和结果常与already,just,ever,never,before,yet等联用等联用.She has already read the book.用法二：表示从过去一直持续到现在的动作或状用法二：表示从过去一直持续到现在的动作或状态。（特点：用可延续性动词；与一段时间联用态。（特点：用可延续性动词；与一段时间联用）My grandpa has been dead for 3 years.7.用法三：用法三：去过某地去过某地have/has been to+

17、地点地点去了某地去了某地-have/has gone to+地点地点1、I have been to Japan.(已回已回)2、The teacher has gone to a meeting.(不在此处不在此处)用法四：用法四：现在完成进行时现在完成进行时表示从过去到现在一直在做某事表示从过去到现在一直在做某事have/has been doing sth常与一段时间联用。常与一段时间联用。Father has been working since 2 hours ago.现在完成时现在完成时:Present Perfect 改错改错:He has left home for over

18、two weeks.The meeting has ended for half an hour.Kate has bought this blouse for three days.The old man has died for a few years.been away frombeen overhas hadbeen dead 过去完成时过去完成时:概念概念:表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作。即完成的动作。即“过去的过去过去的过去”。构成构成：主语主语+had+done常用于宾语从句和时间状语从句中，如：1、He told me t

19、hat he had taken a shower.2、The bell had gone off by the time I got to school.8.Exercise:1.Water _(freeze)at the temperature 0.2.The bell _(ring)when you were out.3.A dog _(lie)on the ground when it rained.4.I _(visit)you if I _(free)tomorrow.5.-_ my son _(finish)his homework yesterday?-Oh,yes,look,

20、he _(try)his best to study now.freezesrangwas lyingwill visit am freeDid finish is trying 6._ the hat _(fit)me well?7.What has happened to the fish,Mary?-Mum,the cat _(eat)the fish.Just now the cat _(jump)onto the table and _(eat)it up.8.Sam _(live)in the small town before he moved here.9.It is ages since I last _(see)you.You _(grow)taller.10.He arrived home while I _(work)in the office.Does fithas eatenjumpedatehad lived have grownsawwas working