2021年广东省英语中考复习专题十三　主谓一致 （ppt课件）.ppt

1、 中考英语（广东专用）第一部分基础知识运用专题十三主谓一致题组一语法一致1.(2020贵州贵阳,39)As we all know,using public chopsticks necessary when we eat with others.A.isB.areC.was答案答案A句意:众所周知,我们和别人一起吃饭的时候使用公筷是有必要的。本题考查主谓一致和时态。在本句中,动名词短语using public chopsticks作主语,谓语动词应用单数形式。由语境可知,本句为一般现在时,故选A。2.(2020新疆,29)Look,Cindy.The flowers in our class

2、room come out in one night.Thats fantastic!They are beautiful and colorful.They nice.A.smellsB.smellC.soundsD.sound答案答案B句意:看,辛迪。我们教室里的花一夜就开了。那太棒了!它们是美丽和多彩的。它们闻起来很香。本题考查动词词义辨析和主谓一致。花应该是闻起来很香,由此可知本题应该选择A或B选项。再结合主谓一致的原则,主语They之后应该用动词原形,故本题选择B。3.(2019甘肃兰州,34)Peter with his classmates for the bus when th

3、e earthquake happened.A.is waitingB.was waitingC.are waitingD.were waiting答案答案B 句意:当地震发生时,Peter和他的同学正在等公交车。本题考查动词的时态和主谓一致。由when the earthquake happened可知,Peter和同学们等车的动作发生在过去,所以要用过去进行时;Peter with his classmates中真正的主语是Peter,谓语动词用单数。故选B。知识拓展知识拓展 主语后面跟with/along with/together with/as well as/besides/exc

4、ept/but/rather than 等词时,谓语动词与主语保持一致。注意区别就近原则。就近原则指的是谓语动词的人称和数与最靠近它的那个主语保持一致。遵循此原则的有:there be.,not only.but also,neither.nor,either.or 等。4.(2019贵州贵阳,34)Volunteering the world warmer.Even small things can make a big difference.A.makeB.makesC.was making答案答案B 句意:志愿活动让世界变得更温暖。即使很小的事情都能够产生巨大的影响。此题考查动词时态和主

5、谓一致。主语volunteering是单数,而且后文用了一般现在时,所以设空处也要用一般现在时,因此选B。5.(2018新疆,27)Both Mike and I ready for the new high school life.A.beB.amC.isD.are答案答案D 句意:Mike和我都为新的高中生活做好了准备。本题考查主谓一致。both.and.意为“和两者都”,连接并列名词作主语,谓语动词用复数形式。6.(2018广东,38)It is said that the number of forest parks in Guangdong to more than 1,000 so

6、 far.A.increaseB.increasedC.has increasedD.will increase答案答案C 句意:据说广东森林公园的数量到目前为止已经增长到一千多个了。本题考查动词时态。根据时间状语so far可知此处要用现在完成时,故答案为C项。知识拓展知识拓展 the number of意为“的数量”,跟复数名词连用作主语时,中心词是number,谓语动词要用单数。a number of意为“许多”,相当于 many,修饰可数名词复数,作主语时,谓语动词用复数。7.(2017江苏宿迁,14)Mum,of my classmates glasses.Oh,my god.You

7、 need to protect your eyes well.A.three fourths;wearsB.three fourth;wearC.three fourth;wearsD.three fourths;wear答案答案D 句意:妈妈,我有四分之三的同学戴眼镜。天哪,你要保护好你的眼睛。本题考查分数和主谓一致。在英语中用基数词作分子,序数词作分母,当分子大于1时,分母要用复数形式,故排除B、C选项。当有分数修饰的名词作主语时,谓语动词与名词在数上保持一致,由“classmates”可知谓语动词需用复数形式。故选D。8.(2016广东梅州,35)of the city covered

8、 with parks and gardens.Wow,its really a green city.A.Two third;isB.Two thirds;isC.Two third;areD.Two thirds;are答案答案B句意:这个城市的三分之二覆盖着公园和花园。哇,它真是一个绿色城市。本题考查主谓一致。表达分数时分子用基数词分母用序数词,分子大于一时,分母要用复数,排除A、C两项;city 是单数形式,谓语动词应与city保持一致,故选B项。9.(2016江苏镇江,10)Last year,five Chinese teachers to a school in the UK t

9、o teach the British students in Chinese style for four weeks.A.was sentB.were sentC.have sentD.sent答案答案B 句意:去年,五个中国老师被派往英国的一所学校,他们用中国的方式教了英国的学生四个星期。本题考查主谓一致及动词的时态和语态。根据句意可知此处需用被动语态,故排除C、D选项。last year是一般过去时的时间状语标志,由teachers可知谓语需用复数形式,故答案为B。题组二就近一致1.(2020黑龙江齐齐哈尔,9)To avoid gathering(聚集),neither the st

10、udents nor their head teacher going to the party this evening.A.wasB.areC.is答案答案C句意:为避免聚集,学生和校长今晚都不会参加聚会。本题考查主谓一致的用法。这句话的主语是由neither.nor.连接,根据“就近一致”原则,设空处需与their head teacher保持一致。且根据时间标志词this evening 可知应该使用一般将来时,故选is。2.(2020辽宁营口,16)Not only Jim but also Lucy a few cities since they came to China.A.w

11、ill visitB.visitedC.have visitedD.has visited答案答案D 句意:自从吉姆和露西来到中国以来,他们已经参观了几座城市。本题考查动词的时态和主谓一致。since引导的时间状语从句用了一般过去时,主句要用现在完成时;再根据就近一致原则可知选D。3.(2019新疆,27)Not only Jack but also I crazy about the football match.A.amB.is C.areD.be答案答案A句意:不但杰克对足球赛着迷,我也着迷。本题考查主谓一致。not only.but also.连接两个并列的主语,根据“就近一致”原则可

12、知,本空应与主语“I”保持一致,故选A。4.(2018吉林长春,12)Nowadays there more heroes in China.We admire them a lot.A.isB.areC.wasD.were答案答案B 句意:现在中国有更多的英雄。我们很尊敬他们。本句考查时态和主谓一致。由“Nowadays”可知,应当使用一般现在时,又因主语“more heroes”为复数,故选B。5.(2017吉林长春,12)There an amusement park near my home.I often see children play there.A.amB.is C.areD

13、.be答案答案B 句意:我家附近有一个游乐园。我经常看孩子们在那里玩耍。本题考查主谓一致。There be.句式中的be动词与最近的主语an amusement park在人称和数上保持一致。故答案为B。教师专用题组题组一语法一致1.(2015天津,27)The novel by many people today.A.is read B.are read C.reads D.were read答案答案A 句意:现在很多人读这本小说。本题考查一般现在时的被动语态和主谓一致。主语是单数,又由关键词today和句意可知应该使用一般现在时的被动语态,故选A项。2.(2015昆明,31)Long ti

14、me no see!Oh!It five years since we met last time.A.wasB.wereC.has beenD.have been答案答案C 句意:好久不见!噢!从我们上次见面到现在已经有五年了。由five years和since可知,应用现在完成时;it作主语,谓语动词应用第三人称单数。故正确答案为C项。3.(2014吉林长春,15)Ted has many QQ friends.One of them from Beijing.A.amB.isC.areD.be答案答案B 句意:特德有很多QQ好友。他们之中有一个是来自北京的。本题考查主谓一致。“one o

15、f+可数名词复数/代词”结构表示“.中的一个”,此结构作主语时,谓语动词需用单数形式,故答案为B。易错警示易错警示 本题为易错题。部分学生容易受设空前的them影响,误以为主语是复数的,因此误选C。实际上“one of+可数名词复数/代词”结构强调的是范围内的一个,谓语动词形式取决于one,所以需要用单数形式。4.(2014山东烟台,27)How many girls are there in your class?them over twenty.A.A number of;areB.The number of;areC.A number of;isD.The number of;is 答案

16、答案D 句意:你们班有多少女孩?她们的数量超过了20。the number of表示“的数量”,跟复数名词连用作主语时,谓语动词要用单数;a number of表示“一些”,修饰可数名词复数,作主语时,谓语动词用复数。根据句意可知选D。5.(2013上海,35)A lot of foreigners familiar with the famous places of interest in China.A.am B.is C.are D.be答案答案C 句意:许多外国人对中国的名胜很熟悉。本题考查主谓一致。foreigners是复数,作主语时,谓语动词也应用复数形式。题组二就近一致1.(20

17、15广东,34)there any living things on other planets?I have no idea.Maybe we can know more about that in the future.A.Is B.Are C.Has D.Have 答案答案B 句意:在其他行星上有生物吗?我不知道。也许将来我们会对那个问题了解更多。本题考查主谓一致。由any living things可知动词应用复数形式,故答案为B项。2.(2015新疆,31)There some milk and apples in the fridge.A.hasB.haveC.isD.are答案答

18、案C 考查主谓一致。句意:冰箱里有一些牛奶和苹果。there be句型谓语动词要遵循就近一致原则,“milk”是不可数名词,谓语动词用单数形式。故正确答案为C项。3.(2014重庆,34)There lots of sheep and pigs on my uncles farm now.A.was B.were C.is D.are答案答案D 句意:现在我叔叔的农场里有许多绵羊和猪。本题考查主谓一致。根据题干中的now可排除A和B;因为sheep为复数,故选D。深度解析深度解析 本题是易错题。考生会因为设空处后的名词sheep而错选C项。there be句型要遵循“就近原则”,同时考生也要掌

19、握sheep单复数形式相同这一语法现象。4.(2013广东,35)Not only my friends but also I interested in football and Messi is our favorite star.A.beB.amC.isD.are答案答案B 句意:不仅我的朋友而且我也对足球感兴趣,梅西是我们最喜欢的明星。not only.but also.应遵循就近原则,根据I,可知选am。题组一语法一致1.(2020江苏靖江调研,27)Look!The man looks like Mr.Li.It cant be him.Because he with his fa

20、milies Japan since last Thursday and they havent returned.A.has gone toB.has been toC.have been inD.has been in答案答案D句意:看!这个人看起来像李先生。不可能是他。因为他和他的家人从上周四就一直在日本,他们还没有回来。本题考查主谓一致。分析句子可知,本句的真正主语是he,而介词短语with his families在这里只是作状语,和主语并非并列关系。所以谓语动词应该用单数形式,故可排除选项C。又因since,此处不能用短暂性动词,has been in 在某地,为延续性动作,可以和

21、since连用。故选D。2.(2020深圳福田八校一模,12)Everyone except Tom and Jim going to visit some friends in Shenzhen.A.isB.areC.am答案答案A句意:除了汤姆和吉姆外,每个人都打算去深圳看望一些朋友。本题考查主谓一致。在本句中,不定代词Everyone是真正的主语,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故选A。3.(2020贵州凯里中考预测卷,30)of the desert in that district covered with trees and grass.A.Two-thirds;have been

22、B.Two-thirds;has beenC.Two-thirds;have D.Two-thirds;has答案答案B句意:那个地区三分之二的沙漠都被树木和草覆盖了。本题考查主谓一致。本句的主语中心词desert“沙漠”为不可数名词,三分之二的沙漠仍然是沙漠,不会改变它不可数的属性,所以助动词用has,因此,可排除选项A和C。又因为主语和谓语动词存在被动关系,所以谓语应用被动语态。故选B。4.(2019惠州惠阳联考,35)Nearly of the earth covered by sea,but 95 percent of it is salty water.A.three fourth;

23、isB.three fourths;isC.three fourth;areD.three fourths;are答案答案B句意:近四分之三的陆地被海水覆盖,但其中95%是咸水。本题考查数词的用法及主谓一致。英语中分数的表达法为:分子基数词,分母序数词,分子大于1,分母加-s。故排除A和C选项。第二个空考查当分数修饰的名词作主语时,谓语动词与名词保持数的一致。此题主语为the earth,为单数名词,故谓语动词用is,故答案为B。5.(2019汕头濠江质量监测,42)My sister with my cousins cakes when I got home yesterday mornin

24、g.A.are makingB.is makingC.was makingD.were making 答案答案C句意:昨天早上我回到家时,我姐姐和我的表妹们在做蛋糕。本题考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据句意可知,我到家的时候她们“正在”做蛋糕,所以时态应为过去进行时;但在英语中,my sister with my cousins 有别于my sister and my cousins,前者作主语时谓语动词用单数,后者用复数。故选C。6.(2019揭阳普宁中考模拟,42)The number of the volunteers in our city 2,000.And sixty percent

25、 of them teachers and students.A.is;isB.is;are C.are;isD.are;are答案答案B句意:我们市有志愿者 2,000 人。其中 60%是老师和学生。本题考查主谓一致。the number of的数目,中心词是number,谓语动词用单数。sixty percent of them 他们当中的 60%,这里指的是老师和学生,应用复数。故选B。知识拓展知识拓展 (1)the number of表示“的数量”,跟复数名词连用作主语时,中心词是number,谓语动词要用单数。例如:The number of the students in our

26、class is 50.我们班学生的数量是50。(2)a number of 表示“许多”,相当于 many,修饰可数名词复数。作主语时,谓语动词用复数。例如:A number of students are planting trees on the hill.许多学生在山上植树。7.(2018东莞一模,42)Everybody except Lucy and Lily in the classroom when the teacher came in.A.areB.isC.wereD.was答案答案D 句意:当老师进来时,除了露西和莉莉,每个人都在教室里了。本题考查主谓一致。everybo

27、dy作主语时,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式,因此排除A、C选项。根据时间状语从句中的谓语动词came可知此处应用一般过去时。故答案为D。试题评析试题评析 本题要求考生能准确把握以下主谓一致的规律:当主语后面有but,like,rather than,except等连接的短语时,谓语动词要与最前面的主语在人称和数上保持一致。例如:He rather than you answers for the accident.与其说你,不如说他对此次事故负责。8.(2018阳江江城一模,41)Emma,along with her parents,to Hong Kong,and they will st

28、ay there for a week.A.have goneB.has goneC.have beenD.has been答案答案B 句意:埃玛和她的父母去了香港,他们会在那里逗留一周。本题考查主谓一致和动词短语辨析。have gone to表示“到某处去了”,指人已经走了,目前不在说话的地点。have been to表示“曾经去过某地”,目前人不在那儿。根据句意可排除C、D选项。“名词/代词+along with+名词”结构作主语,此时谓语动词的数的形式与前面的名词/代词保持一致。故答案为B。9.(2018珠海香洲二模,36)the Taylors Rose are going to at

29、tend Peters house-warming party next Saturday.A.Not only;but alsoB.Both;andC.Either;orD.Neither;nor答案答案B句意:泰勒一家和罗丝都准备参加下周六彼得的乔迁派对。本题考查主谓一致。not only.but also.不但而且;either.or.要么要么;neither.nor.既不也不,以上三个结构连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词与较近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。both.and.两者都,连接主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。根据后面的be动词are可知答案为B。题组二就近一致1.(2020安徽合肥育英学

30、校一模,3)What things are there in your new house now?There some furniture and beautiful flowers.A.beB.areC.isD.was答案答案C句意:你的新房子里现在有什么东西?有一些家具和漂亮的花。本题考查主谓一致。根据there be结构的“就近原则”,因为靠近be动词的是不可数名词furniture,所以be动词应该用单数形式,可排除选项B。根据上一句“What things are there in your new house now?”可知是一般现在时,可排除选项A和D。故选C。2.(2019广

31、东河源质量调研,36)My parents are crazy about Chinese Poetry Conference(中国诗词大会).How about your parents?my dad my mom likes it.They watch it every night.A.Both;andB.Neither;norC.Either;orD.Not only;but also答案答案D句意:我父母对中国诗词大会很着迷。你的父母呢?不仅我爸爸,我妈妈也很喜欢。他们每天晚上都看。本题考查主谓一致。根据答语中最后一句They watch it every night.可知,我父母两个

32、人都喜欢,所以答案应从A和D两个选项中选择。因为谓语动词 like 用了第三人称单数形式,根据英语中的“就近原则”可知答案为D。3.(2018汕头濠江模拟,42)Not only Toms parents but also Tom traveling is a good way to experi-ence different cultures.So do I.A.thinksB.thinkC.doesnt thinkD.dont think 答案答案A 句意:不仅汤姆的父母,而且汤姆也认为旅游是体验不同文化的一种好方式。我也这样认为。本题考查主谓一致。not only.but also.不但

33、而且,连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词与较近的主语Tom在人称和数上保持一致,因此排除B、D选项。根据So do I.可知上文为表示肯定的内容。故答案为A。4.(2018汕头金平学业考试,33)any good news in todays newspaper?No.But some book reviews in it are quite worth reading.A.Is itB.Is thereC.Are theyD.Are there答案答案B 句意:今天的报纸上有什么好消息吗?没有。但是上面有些书评挺值得一读的。本题考查主谓一致。根据句意可知此处应用There be句型表示“有”,并且

34、此句型的谓语遵循“就近原则”,news为不可数名词,故答案为B。After nearly five years of construction(建设),the Beijing Daxing International Airport 1 on Sept.25,2019.Five years 2 really not a long time for building such a big airport.Seated in the south of Beijing,it is the worlds largest transportation hub(枢纽).The Guardian liste

35、d it as one of the“seven wonders of the modern world”.Gardens There 3 five gardens at the end of five boarding(登机)gates.They include a Chinese garden,country-side garden,silk(丝)garden,tea garden,and porcelain(瓷)garden.At the end of the northern boarding gate 4 the Chinese garden.It is the biggest of

36、 the five.There are Chinese-style buildings.People can hang out in the garden while waiting for their flights.Flightterminal The airport is very large.It has the worlds largest flight terminal(航站楼)in a single(单独的)building.The building 5 an area of 700,000 square meters(平方米)the size of 98 soccer fiel

37、ds.The number of passengers here each year 6 more than 100 million.The terminal looks like a starfish.The distance(距离)between the central area and the farthest boarding gate 7 600 meters.It only 8 eight minutes to walk between the two.Parkinglot The parking lot is in the southern part of the airport

38、.Its close to the flight terminal.A robot-operated(机器人操作的)parking system 9 used.After drivers 10 their cars,robots will lift the cars and carry them to an open parking space.When collecting(取)their cars,drivers can use their parking tickets to get information(信息)on where to find their cars.1.A.is op

39、enB.are open C.was openD.were open2.A.is B.areC.was D.were3.A.is B.areC.was D.were4.A.is B.areC.was D.were5.A.have B.has C.will haveD.had6.A.isB.are C.wasD.were7.A.isB.are C.was D.were8.A.takeB.takes C.spend D.spends9.A.isB.are C.was D.were10.A.parkB.parks C.will parkD.parked答案答案语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世

40、界上最大的机场北京大兴国际机场,重点介绍了机场先进的设施及其功能。北京大兴国际机场被英国卫报称为“现代世界七大奇迹”之一。1.C本题考查动词的时态和主谓一致。由本句的时间状语on Sept.25,2019可知应用一般过去时;句子的主语the Beijing Daxing International Airport(北京大兴国际机场)为专有名词,所以谓语动词应用单数形式。故选C。2.A本题考查主谓一致。five years为一段时间,作主语时,谓语动词常用单数形式。故选A。3.B本题考查主谓一致。在there be结构中,be动词的单复数由其后所跟的名词的单复数决定。five gardens是复

41、数形式,又因为本文属于说明文,应用一般现在时,故选B。4.A本题考查主谓一致。本句为倒装语序,正常的语序应该是:The Chinese garden is at the end of the northern boarding gate。主语the Chinese garden为单数概念,所以谓语动词应用单数形式。故选A。5.B本题考查动词的时态和主谓一致。主语the building是单数概念且本文属于说明文,故应用一般现在时。故选B。6.A本题考查主谓一致。本句的主语是the number of.,表示“的数量”,且本文属于说明文,谓语动词应用一般现在时,故选A。7.A本题考查时态和主谓一

42、致。本句的主语是the distance,为单数形式,又因本文属于说明文,所以应用一般现在时,故选A。8.B本题考查动词辨析和主谓一致。It takes some time to do sth.做某事需要多长时间。It 在本句中作形式主语,take意为“需要时间”;spend也可以指花费时间,但其主语为人,且常用于spend time doing sth.结构。故选B。9.A本题考查动词的时态和主谓一致。本句的主语是parking system,为单数可数名词,又因本文是说明文,所以应用一般现在时。故选A。10.A本题考查动词的时态和主谓一致。本文属于说明文,应用一般现在时,主语drivers是复数名词,所以谓语动词应用复数形式。故选A。