简单句专项复习 （ppt课件） 2021年山东省中考英语人教版一轮复习.pptx

1、中考英语语法中考英语语法简单句简单句Simple Sentence学习目标学习目标知识目标知识目标了解句子成分了解句子成分掌握句子种类掌握句子种类灵活使用简单句基本灵活使用简单句基本句型句型为后续从句学习奠定基础为后续从句学习奠定基础德育目标德育目标树立必胜信念，迎接学业和生活的挑战树立必胜信念，迎接学业和生活的挑战什么是句子（什么是句子（The Sentence）？句子是包含句子是包含主语和谓语部分主语和谓语部分的一组词。的一组词。句子首字母要句子首字母要大写大写，句尾要有，句尾要有句号、问号或感叹号句号、问号或感叹号。句子体现句子体现时态和语态时态和语态。中英文句子结构是中英文句子结构是有

2、差异有差异的。的。Sad movies make me cry.When was the car invented?Kids will study at home on computers in the future.Were trying to save the earth.Ive had this bike for three years.一简单句的五种基本结构一简单句的五种基本结构二感叹句二感叹句三祈使句三祈使句四四There beThere be句型句型五特殊疑问词五特殊疑问词六系动词、情态动词等六系动词、情态动词等中考聚焦中考聚焦读句子，找出其主语。读句子，找出其主语。Pang Me

3、ng tried to steal the medicine.Careless driving causes many traffic accidents.It is easy for us to learn English.Where did you go on vacation?读句子，找出其谓语。读句子，找出其谓语。My favourite subject is science.An old man tried to move the mountains.I will help to clean up the city parks.Ive already finished reading

4、 the book.Photo chips were invented by mistake.My favourite subject is science.An old man tried to move the mountains.I will help to clean up the city parks.Ive already finished reading the book.Photo chips were invented by mistake.读句子，找出其主语。读句子，找出其主语。Pang Meng tried to steal the medicine.Careless d

5、riving causes many traffic accidents.It is easy for us to learn English.Where did you go on vacation?系动词系动词实义动词实义动词助动词和情态动词助动词和情态动词体现时态和语态体现时态和语态主谓一致主谓一致读句子，找出其表语。It must be Carlas.The baby looks happy.His father is a teacher.The main reason is to protect their country.Seeing is believing.It must be

6、 Carlas.The baby looks happyHis father is a teacherThe main reason is to protect their country.Seeing is believing.系动词后都是表语系动词后都是表语读句子，找出其宾语。He doesnt know how to increase his reading speed.Americans can hardly avoid buying products made in China.My sister wants to take an acting lesson.I am looking

7、 forward to your reply.My uncle bought me a book.I think that mooncakes are delicious!读句子，找出其宾语。He doesnt know how to increase his reading speed.Americans can hardly avoid buying products made in China.My sister wants to take an acting lesson.I am looking forward to your reply.My uncle bought me a b

8、ook.I think that mooncakes are delicious!在动词或介词后在动词或介词后读句子，找出其宾补。They named their son Mike.My teacher asks me to read more.Wei Fen found it difficult to learn English.读句子，找出其宾补。They named their son Mike.My teacher asks me to read more.Wei Fen found it difficult to learn English.读句子，找出其定语。My hair is

9、shorter than hers.Women teachers are usually more patient.A Christmas Carol is a famous novel written by Charles.Attention!I have something important to tell you.I like music that I can dance to.读句子，找出其定语。My hair is shorter than hers.Women teachers are usually more patient.A Christmas Carol is a fam

10、ous novel written by Charles.Attention!I have something important to tell you.I like music that I can dance to.时间状语、地点状语、目的状语、方式状语等。时间状语、地点状语、目的状语、方式状语等。一个主谓关系一个主谓关系谓语动词谓语动词不及物动词不及物动词vi.：自身意义完整，无须接宾语即自身意义完整，无须接宾语即可表达完整意思可表达完整意思。The sun rises in the east.His water ran out.不及物动词没有被动语态。不及物动词没有被动语态。及物动词

11、及物动词vt.：后接宾语。后接宾语。I remember meeting all of you in Grade 7.He ran out of his water.只有及物动词才有被动语态。只有及物动词才有被动语态。系动词系动词link v.：be,look,sound,taste,smell,feel,become,get,turn,seemAnd then she gets mad.The dish smells delicious.主系表结构主动表被动。主系表结构主动表被动。Here comes the bus.I coughed for days.Farmers grow tea p

12、lants on the sides of mountains.Many young people admire Zhong Nanshan.The girl bought her mother a gift on Mothers Day.He teaches us English.The loud music made me nervous.The driver found an old man lying on the ground.My cousin is a university student.You are not looking very well.to:give,show,br

13、ing,pass,tell,lend,take,throw.for:make,do,get,sing,find,cook,play,buy.tell,ask,advise,help,want,allow,would like.have,make,let,see,hear,notice,watch.复合宾语复合宾语在逻辑上往往存在主谓关系在逻辑上往往存在主谓关系承受者承受者-受益者受益者agree,decide,hope,offer,plan,try,refuse.There be句型句型1.有各种时态：有各种时态：There is/There was/There will be/There h

14、as been2.不能与实义动词不能与实义动词have连用连用3.就近原则就近原则4.there be sb./sth.doing.There must be something visiting there.5.there可与可与live,lie,stand,come,go,seem to等动词连用等动词连用1.There _an unhappy king in a rich and beautiful country a long time ago.A.is B.live C.lived D.have2.There _a meeting tomorrow.We should prepare

15、 for it in time.A.is B.will have C.have D.is going to be3.Boys,there _some milk and ten apples on the table.Help yourselves.A.are B.has C.have D.is4.There are several children _in the river.Its too dangerous!A.swim B.swam C.swimming D.are swimming5.There are only _ masks(口罩口罩)left.We need to buy mor

16、e.A.little B.a little C.few D.a few1.There _an unhappy king in a rich and beautiful country a long time ago.A.is B.live C.lived D.have2.There _a meeting tomorrow.We should prepare for it in time.A.is B.will have C.have D.is going to be3.Boys,there _some milk and ten apples on the table.Help yourselv

17、es.A.are B.has C.have D.is4.There are several children _in the river.Its too dangerous!A.swim B.swam C.swimming D.are swimming5.There are only _ masks(口罩口罩)left.We need to buy more.A.little B.a little C.few D.a few否定句的转化否定句的转化Mary goes to school by bus.Li Wen did well in school.Teenagers should be a

18、llowed to make their own decisions.一般现在时和一般过去时，一般现在时和一般过去时，添加添加助动词，助动词，变变原形原形否定句和疑问句时，有些词会发生变化否定句和疑问句时，有些词会发生变化一般疑问句的转化一般疑问句的转化Does Mary go to school by bus?Did Li Wen do well in school?Should teenagers be allowed to make their own decisions?Mary doesnt go to school by bus.Li Wen didnt do well in sc

19、hool.Teenagers shouldnt be allowed to make their own decisions.特殊疑问句的转化特殊疑问句的转化5W/1H+一般疑问式？一般疑问式？问什么，答什么问什么，答什么答什么，选什么答什么，选什么Who goes to school by bus?What does Mary do by bus?How does Mary go to school?-Do you prefer coffee or tea?-Coffee.Life is full of the unexpected,isnt it?注意：前否后肯形式的回答，看逻辑关系，客观

20、回答注意：前否后肯形式的回答，看逻辑关系，客观回答祈使句：省略主语的句子祈使句：省略主语的句子,以动词原形开头以动词原形开头。肯定形式：肯定形式：V型型 Come here,please.L型型 Lets play football.否定形式：否定形式：D型型 Dont make any noise,please.N型型 No swimming.祈使句祈使句+陈述句结构，看逻辑关系的顺接和转折陈述句结构，看逻辑关系的顺接和转折Study hard,and youll get good grades.Study hard,or you wont get good grades.感叹句感叹句1.W

21、hat型型1）What+a/an+adj.+n.s.+主谓！主谓！What a lovely girl she is!2）What +adj.+uc.+主谓！主谓！What good news it is!3）What +adj.+cpl.+主谓！主谓！What friendly people they are!2.How型型1）How+adj./adv.+主谓！主谓！How lovely the girl is!How good the news is!How friendly the people are!2）How+句子！句子！How he wished he could win!中心词

22、是名词或形容词、副词；变成陈述句中心词是名词或形容词、副词；变成陈述句一单项选择一单项选择1.We found him _ good student.A.a B.is C.be D.become2._ useful the information youve provided is!A.What an B.What C.What a D.How3._ me an email before you come to Qingdao,and Ill meet you at the train station.A.Send B.Sending C.To send D.Send4.Emily,youre

23、 playing computer games again.Study hard,_you will fail in the coming test.A.then B.so C.and D.or5.The rain is too heavy,we can hardly go out,can we?._,or well get wet and have a cold.A.No,we cant B.Yes,we cant C.Yes,we can D.No,we can真题演练真题演练 直击中考直击中考A.a主谓宾宾补结构，主谓宾宾补结构，a修饰限定修饰限定student。D.How 中心词中心词

24、useful，用，用how主干部分主干部分the information is useful,youve provided修饰修饰informationA.Send 祈使句祈使句 D.or A.No,we cant祈使句祈使句+陈述句，注意顺承和转折关系陈述句，注意顺承和转折关系 前否后肯时，要根据逻辑据实回答，前否后肯时，要根据逻辑据实回答，Yes,No形式一致，意义相反。形式一致，意义相反。6.There are several children _in the river.Its too dangerous!A.swim B.swam C.swimming D.are swimming7

25、.Mom,may I go to the party with my friends tonight?.Yes,you _.But you _ be back by ten pm.A.can;may B.must;have to C.may;must D.need;must8.My parents dont allow me _ TV on school nights.A.watch B.watching C.to watch D.watched9.Do you want to join the art club or the chess club?._.I like drawing pict

26、ures.A.Yes,I do B.No,I dont C.The art club D.The chess club10.Last winter holiday,I didnt go anywhere.How boring!._.But Im going somewhere for a holiday this winter.A.Neither I did B.Neither did I C.So did I D.So I did真题演练真题演练 直击中考直击中考there be sb/sth doingC.swimming C.may;must C.to watch C.The art c

27、lubB.Neither did Imay可以，可以，must必须必须allow sb to do,to do 作宾补作宾补选择疑问句，再根据选择疑问句，再根据I like drawing pictures推断推断so 主谓，对上文肯定情况的确认；主谓，对上文肯定情况的确认；so 谓主，上文情况对另一人也适用；谓主，上文情况对另一人也适用；neither谓主，上文否定情况对另一人也适用谓主，上文否定情况对另一人也适用动词要在时态上保持和上文一致动词要在时态上保持和上文一致真题演练真题演练 直击中考直击中考综合运用综合运用阅读短文，根据意思或汉语提示填空，使短文通顺、意思完整，每空限填一词。阅读

28、短文，根据意思或汉语提示填空，使短文通顺、意思完整，每空限填一词。Anna lost her arms in a car accident when she was a teenager.What was worse,she lost her parents 1_ the age of twenty.Her elder sister,who was ten years 2_(old)than her wanted to take care of her.However,Anna refused 3_(live)with her sister,saying that she would like

29、 to take care of herself.She managed to enter college and 4_(study)very hard.Four years later,she graduated and found a job.Once she wrote in her diary,“I am quite lucky.I lost my arms,5_I still have my legs.”Anna chose to face her misfortune(不幸不幸)in an active way.Instead of 6_(feel)sad every day,sh

30、e decided not to let it hold her back.She has taught us a good lesson.When something bad happens to us,we have two 7_(选择选择).one is to complain,and 8_other is to face it bravely.If we choose to run away,9_will always follow us wherever we go.If we decide to be strong,new hopes will come.So choose 10_

31、(wise).语篇理解语篇理解 句子结构句子结构语法运用语法运用 单词拼写单词拼写at the age of 为固定搭配atolderthan提示我们用比较级to liverefuse to do sth.拒绝去做某事studied连词and 前面managed是过去式，所以后面也用过去式studiedbut_ _根据空格前后两部分为完整的句子可知用连词；再根据句意可知此处表转折关系。因此填butfeelingof 为介词，后接动名词形式choices根据数词two 可知用名词复数 the_ _ One the other 一个另一个it“如果我们选择逃避，不好的事情将会跟着我们”。缺主语，此

32、处it指代 something bad 用wise副词wisely修饰动词choose wisely句式结构，固定搭配句式结构，固定搭配，习惯用法及上下文语境，习惯用法及上下文语境三阅读表达三阅读表达阅读下面短文，按要求完成各项任务阅读下面短文，按要求完成各项任务Everywhere in the world there are different ways of behavingWhen we meet someone，everything we say and do expresses our cultural backgroundSo if you want to get on with

33、 someone from another culture，it helps to understand something about these differencesEven how we stand depends on our cultureEnglish people talk to each other at an average（平均的）（平均的）distance of 130 cm，while Italians chat at an average distance of 80 cmSo Italians can think that English people are u

34、nfriendly because they stand too far away!And English people can think that Italians are too closeTouching is also culturalThe French touch much more than AmericansA French couple may touch 100 times in half an hour while an American couple may only touch twice!And French teenagers touch each other

35、much more than American teens任务一任务一 请将划线句子请将划线句子 When we meet someone，everything we say and do expresses our cultural background翻翻译成汉语译成汉语任务二任务二 请根据短文内容回答问题请根据短文内容回答问题1In which country should you arrive on time for a meal？2What do French people do when they eat out？任务三任务三 请根据短文内容，完成下面的句子请根据短文内容，完成下面

36、的句子According to the passage，Italians stand（1）_than English peopleAmerican teens touch（2）_ than French teenagers真题演练真题演练 直击中考直击中考 everything expresses our cultural background当我们遇见一个人，我们说的和做的每件事都能反映我们的文化背景。当我们遇见一个人，我们说的和做的每件事都能反映我们的文化背景。In Canada.They keep both hands on or above the table.closerless四书

37、面表达四书面表达人生中有很多第一次：第一次学游泳；第一次跟家人外出旅行；第一次做家务；第一次人生中有很多第一次：第一次学游泳；第一次跟家人外出旅行；第一次做家务；第一次赢得比赛；第一次赢得比赛；第一次请根据提示，就你的第一次请根据提示，就你的第一次写一篇短文写一篇短文 内容包括：内容包括：1 第一次第一次的整个过程；的整个过程；2 你的感受你的感受要求：要求：1 词数：词数：80 100（开头已给出，不计入总词数）；（开头已给出，不计入总词数）；2 文中不得出现真实的校名和人名文中不得出现真实的校名和人名 As we all know，everyone has his unforgettabl

38、e memories I still remember the first time.真题演练真题演练 直击中考直击中考一审：一审：审背景、审要点、审要求审背景、审要点、审要求二定：二定：定要点、定结构、定时态定要点、定结构、定时态三备：备思路、三备：备思路、备词汇，备词汇，备句式备句式四写：英文思维、衔接自然、合理拓展四写：英文思维、衔接自然、合理拓展五查：查遗漏、查格式、查语法、查规范、查字数五查：查遗漏、查格式、查语法、查规范、查字数真题演练真题演练 直击中考直击中考 As we all know，everyone has his unforgettable memories I sti

39、ll remember the first time to make money.补充完整补充完整 The summer vacation began.I decided to work to make money for the next term.But I didnt know what work I could do.At that time,my mother was writing a book.I decided to type for her for pay.She agreed and paid me 5 yuan for 1000 words.I began to work

40、.I typed so slowly that I could type only several hundred words a day.It was a hard job for me.I kept typing all day long.I finished the work two weeks later.I came to know how hard it was to make money.要点齐全：要点齐全：2-4段过程，段过程，5段感受段感受时态准确：过去时态时态准确：过去时态句式合理：简单句为主，使用复合句句式合理：简单句为主，使用复合句逻辑自然：逻辑自然：but,so.that条理清楚：按事情发展顺序条理清楚：按事情发展顺序回顾回顾总结总结勤耕春当时拼搏解真章2021，我们必赢！