北京市第十二 2022-2023学年高一上学期期末英语试题.pdf

1、1 北京十二中北京十二中 20222023 学年第一学期高一年级英语期末考试题学年第一学期高一年级英语期末考试题 命题人：丁琳、南宫东奇 复核人：王金 考生考生 须知须知 1.1.本试卷共本试卷共1010页，页，分为三分为三部分。总分部分。总分100100分分。考试考试时间时间9090分钟分钟。2.2.将选择题答案填涂在答题卡上，第二部分必须用黑色字迹的签将选择题答案填涂在答题卡上，第二部分必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。字笔作答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。3.3.考试结束时，收答题卡。考试结束时，收答题卡。第一部分第一部分 知识运用（共两节，知识运用（共两节，25

2、分）分）第一节（共第一节（共 10 小题；每小题小题；每小题 1.5 分，共分，共 15 分）分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑 A Good-luck Dumpling When I was in my middle age,something terrible happened to me.As I was away from _1_ for almost a year,my wife and children were extre

3、mely worried.And my mother,already in her eighties,was on the edge of a nervous breakdown.On the eve of the Spring Festival,I was finally allowed to return home.Mother looked at me,her eyes filled with _2_.But soon she said,“Lets start making dumplings for the Festival.”And then an idea _3_ her,“Let

4、s put in a coin and make a good-luck dumpling.Whoever eats it will be blessed(有福的).”While making the good-luck dumpling,my mother secretly made a(n)_4_ on it.She pretended nothing had happened,but the trick didnt escape my _5_.After Mother boiled the dumplings all by herself,she put the good-luck du

5、mpling on top of the others in a bowl on purpose and pushed the bowl to me.Feeling loved,I stared at her in _6_ eyes.I had thought it would give her a lovely surprise if she ate the good-luck dumpling.Taking the opportunity when she went to the kitchen,I put the dumpling into her bowl.Obviously,when

6、 Mother returned,she didnt _7_ it and went on eating with her eyes on me all the time.Ouch!suddenly she cried out.The coin had hurt her teeth.“Oh,Granny is blessed”,my wife _8_ .“I.how come?”Mother was _9_.Just at that moment,the coin fell out of her mouth.So I joined my wife and children,“Granny is

7、 blessed!Mother is blessed!”Mother burst into laughter,and then tears,as my wife and I _10_ with her all her sadness and joy.1.A.home B.office C.factory D.market 2.A.calm B.curiosity C.horror D.disbelief 3.A.interested B.struck C.impressed D.changed 4.A.try B.decision C.mark D.note 5.A.hands B.eyes

8、C.lips D.mind 6.A.anxious B.grateful C.sorrowful D.sincere 2 7.A.take B.permit C.accept D.notice 8.A.argued B.warned C.cheered D.suggested 9.A.confused B.inspired C.touched D.attracted 10.A.discussed B.shared C.remembered D.found 第二节（共第二节（共 10 小题小题:每小题每小题 1 分；共分；共 10 分）分）阅读下列短文，根据短文或句子内容填空阅读下列短文，根据短

9、文或句子内容填空在未给提示词的空白处仅填写在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1 个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空请请在答题卡指定区域作答在答题卡指定区域作答 Section A Festivals 11 (be)an important part of society.They reflect peoples wishes,beliefs,faiths,and attitudes towards life.They are occasions 12 allow us to relax and enjoy lif

10、e,and forget about our work for a little while.They help us understand where we came from,who we are,and 13 to appreciate.And if you study festivals carefully,you may be surprised to find that different cultures actually have a lot in common after all.Section B Im part of an android football team.Ab

11、out once a year we 14 (allow)to get together to play a game of football.Im as big as a human.In fact,I look like one too.On the football team Im in charge of shooting 15 I must run very fast.My computer chips help me to move and think like a human.For example,I have learned to send signals 16 my tea

12、mmates in computer language to give me the ball when I am open and have a good shot for a goal.Section C The colour was rushing to his cheeks,and his eyes were wide open,17 (shine)with joy,and in the centre of each eye,right in the very centre,in the black pupil,a little spark of wild excitement 18

13、(dance)slowly.Then the old man took a deep breath,and suddenly,with no warning whatsoever,an explosion seemed to take place inside him.He threw up his arms and yelled Yippeeeeeeee!And at the same time,his long 19 (bone)body rose up out of the bed and his bowl of soup went flying into the face of Gra

14、ndma Josephine,and in one fantastic leap,this old fellow of ninety-six and a half,who 20 (be)in bed these last twenty years,jumped on to the floor and started doing a dance of victory in his pajamas.3 第二部分第二部分 阅读理解（共两阅读理解（共两节，节，40 分）分）第一节（共第一节（共 15 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2 分，共分，共 30 分）分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的阅读下列短文，从每

15、题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑并在答题卡上将该项涂黑 A This Tiny Box Will Help You Relax In Terrible Summer Heat!Traditional Air Conditioners(AC)are outdated.They cost a lot to install and even more to run.They are huge,noisy,and dangerous to clean.You cant move them around the house with y

16、ou or take them outside!Thousands of people are now using a much cheaper alternative to cool themselves in the heat and clean their personal air.With over million units sold worldwide,this device is becoming one of the most successful gadgets.EVERYONE wants this awesome looking box for summer!What A

17、re We Talking About?Meet the new AirFreez,an innovative alternative to AC that cools you just the same!Its a perfect solution for those very hot days and nights!The AirFreez was designed by two Swiss engineers who were fed up suffering the hot summers.They realized that AC units are super inefficien

18、t and cost a lot of money to use.The engineers also discovered that none of the traditional AC units were made to travel with.So,they designed this light-weight,portable Air Cooling box.It uses a very small amount of electricity and all without sacrificing any of the main benefits of a top AC model!

19、Its tiny,easy to use and it can cool you in seconds!What Is So Special About This Little Box?The main benefits of AirFreez are its portability and price.It is no larger than a lunchbox.Besides,it can be powered by a pocket solar panel or battery pack and you probably have the worlds most portable AC

20、 unit.And There Is One More Thing.The price is just amazing.Most AC units cost at least$300+AND you have to pay for installation PLUS cover the expensive electricity bills each month.AirFreez costs less than$100(Actually$53 for each if you buy more than one here).No messy installation,no expensive e

21、lectricity bills.Far a Cooling unit of this quality,this must be the single best price-quality AC unit there is!How Can You Get An AirFreez?Now that you are aware of this amazing new invention,here is how to get oneorder it from the Official Website for BEST PRICE.21.Which of the following words can

22、 best describe AirFreez?A.Smart but fragile.B.Costly but multi-functional.C.Handy and energy-saving.D.Foldable and durable.22.What can we learn about AirFreez?A.It requires no complex installation.B.It costs less than$53.C.It doesnt consume electricity.D.It is a little larger than a lunch box.4 23.W

23、hat is the purpose of this passage?A.To compare AirFreez with traditional AC B.To explain the functions of AirFreez.C.To introduce the inventors of AirFreez.D.To advertise Airfreez.B I got married just after I graduated from college and found a job to support our family at the nearby Massachusettes

24、Institute of Technology(MIT).It was in the laboratory of Prof.Edward Lorenz that I learned what a computer was and how to develop software.One day my husband saw a newspaper advertisement.The MIT Instrumentation Laboratory was looking for people to develop software to send man to the moon.Deeply att

25、racted both by the idea and the fact that it had never been done before,I became the first programmer to join and the first woman the lab hired.At the beginning,nobody thought software was such a big deal.But then they began to realize how much they were relying on it.Our software needed to be very

26、reliable and able to detect an error and recover from it at any time during the mission.My daughter,Lauren,liked to intimate meplaying astronaut.One day,she was with me when I was doing a simulation(模拟)of a mission to the moon.She started hitting keys and all of a sudden,she selected a program which

27、 was supposed to be run before launch.The computer had so little space that it wiped the navigation data taking her to the moon.I thought:my Godthis could happen by accident in a real mission.I suggested a program change to prevent a prelaunch program being selected during flight.But the higher-ups

28、at MIT and NASA said the astronauts were too well trained to make such a mistake.On the very next mission,Apollo 8,one of the astronauts on board accidentally did exactly what Lauren had done.The Lauren bug!It created destruction and required the mission to be rearranged.After that,they let me put t

29、he program change in.It was the program change that had a crucial influence on the success of the mission of Apollo 11.During the early days of Apollo,software was not taken as seriously as other engineering disciplines(学科).It was out of desperation I came up with the term software engineering.Then

30、one day in a meeting,one of the most respected hardware experts explained to everyone that he agreed with me that the process of building software should also be considered an engineering discipline,just like with hardware.It was a memorable moment.24.What do we know about the author?A.She created t

31、he term software engineering.B.She is the first woman ever hired by MIT.C.She taught Lauren to write software.D.She got her masters degree from MIT.25.The Lauren bug in Para.5 refers to _.A.a pet to accompany Lauren B.a mistake causing data loss C.a software ending prelaunch D.a mission to land on t

32、he moon 5 26.What greatly contributed to Apollo 11s success according to the passage?A.The in-time upload of data.B.Astronauts rich experience.C.Experts new attitude.D.The program change.27.What can we learn from Margarets story?A.Honesty is the best policy.B.Two heads are better than one.C.Chances

33、favor the prepared mind.D.A good beginning is half done.C If there is one place you dont want to stick your finger,its the mouth of a Pacific lingcod.These fearsome fish have around 500 needlelike teeth sticking out of jaws(颌)that are strong enough to crush crustaceans(甲壳动物).How lingcod maintain the

34、 sharpness of their terrifying teeth has long been a puzzle.But a study,published in November in the Proceedings of the Royal Society B,claims that Pacific lingcod keep their teeth sharp and shiny by replacing about three percent of them every day.For a lingcod,thats up to 20 teeth replaced daily.In

35、 order to determine the frequency at which lingcod replace their teeth,Ms.Cohen,a coauthor of the new study,and her colleagues kept 20 lingcod at the University of Washingtons Friday Harbor Laboratories and tracked how many teeth they lost and regrew over several days.The fish were placed in a tank

36、of seawater mixed with a red dye(染料)that colored their teeth,then returned to their regular tank for 10 days.When the 10 days were up,the fish were placed in a tank containing a green dye and then examined.The teeth that were present since the start of the experiment were both red and green,whereas

37、the new teeth were only green.After collecting and examining a total of 10,000 teeth,the scientists were able to determine how quickly lingcod lost and regrew their teeth and which teeth were replaced most often.Lingcod,like most fish,have two sets of jaws:oral jaws and pharyngeal jaws.Their oral ja

38、ws are used to catch food while their pharyngeal jaws,which are positioned in their throats,are used to chew their food and move it from their mouths to the stomach.Ms.Carr,the lead author,and colleagues found that teeth are replaced more frequently in the back of the mouth,where most of the chewing

39、 and crushing take place.The way lingcod replace their teeth is likely crucial to their hunting strategy,says Kory Evans,a fish ecologist at Rice University in Houston.The duller a lingcods teeth are,the harder it is going to be for it to hold on to its target.So having the ability to shed teeth and

40、 replace them is pretty important.Dr.Evans said,In order to make it as a lingcod,you need sharp pointy teeth and all your teeth need to be on point.28.What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about?A.What role seawater played.B.How teeth changed their colors.C.What conclusion was reached.D.How the study wa

41、s conducted.6 29.According to the passage,lingcods teeth are replaced _.A.to better hunt for food B.every 10 days C.faster in the oral jaw D.with bigger and sharper ones 30.What does the underlined word shed in the last paragraph probably mean?A.Repair.B.Lose.C.Sharpen.D.Examine.31.What is the purpo

42、se of writing this passage?A.To warn people of the danger of a fish.B.To suggest new ways to conduct studies on fish.C.To introduce the findings of a new study.D.To stress the importance of replacing teeth.D As college sports continue to be hugely popular and the National Collegiate Athletic Associa

43、tion(NCAA)brings in large amounts of money,people have restarted the debate on whether college athletes should get paid.Supporters of the idea believe that,because college athletes are bringing in audiences,they should receive some sort of compensation(补偿).In fact,the NCAA brings in about$1 billion

44、income a year,but college athletes dont receive any of that money in the form of a paycheck.Additionally,people who believe college athletes should be paid state that paying college athletes will actually encourage them to remain in college longer and not turn professionals as quickly,either by givi

45、ng them a way to begin earning money in college or requiring them to sign a contract(合同)saying theyll stay at the university for a certain number of years while making an agreed-upon salary.People who argue against the idea of paying college athletes believe the practice could be disastrous for coll

46、ege sports.Paying athletes would turn college sports into a bidding(竞拍)war,where only the richest schools could afford top athletes,and most schools would be shut out from developing a talented team.It could also harm the camaraderie within many college teams if players become unhappy that certain t

47、eammates are making more money than they are.Those against paying college athletes also believe that the athletes are receiving enough benefits already.The top athletes receive scholarships that are worth tens of thousands per year.They receive free food and textbooks,get travel bonuses and free equ

48、ipment,and can use their time in college as a way to attract the attention of professional coaches.No other college students receive anywhere near as much from their schools.While both sides have good points,its clear that the negatives of paying college athletes far outweigh the positives.College a

49、thletes have been compensated enough.Adding a salary would result in a college athletic system where only a few athletes are paid by some schools who enter bidding wars to sign them up,while most student athletics and college athletic programs suffer or even shut down for lack of money.Continuing to

50、 offer the present benefits to student athletes makes it possible for as many people to benefit from and enjoy college sports as possible.7 32.It can be learned from Paragraph 2 that college athletes _.A.tend to serve college longer when paid B.have earned what they are promised C.should sign a cont