外研版英语八年级下学期单元要点精析：Module 3 Journey to space.docx

1、 单元要点精析：Module 3 Journey to space 一、短语积累一、短语积累 1. a small part of 一小部分 2. send back sth.发送回 3. hope to do sth.希望做 4. the latest news 最新消息 5. be far away（from) 离.远 6. billions of 数十亿的 7. Its impossible to do 做事情是不可能的 8. in order to do 为了做 9. on earth 究竟，到底 10. search for information 搜寻信息 11. thats wh

2、y 那就是的原因 12. 被称做be called 13. 一群,一组 a group of 14. 在宇宙 in the universe 15. on the news 在新闻上 16. 想像(某人)做某事 imagine (sb.) doing 17. 照像 take photos 18. go around 环绕 19. 与联系 communicate with sb. 20. finish doing 做完 21. 对感兴趣 be interested in 二、句型积累二、句型积累 1. No one has been to Mars yet. 还没有人过去火星。 2. Its i

3、mpossible to imagine. 无法想像 3. We have not found life on any other planets yet. 我们尚未在任何其他的星球上发现生命。 4. Ive just made a model spaceship for our school project. 我刚刚为我们学校的项目做了一个模型飞船 5. Thats why its on the news.这就是为什么它在新闻上。 6. Lots of scientists are working hard in order to send astronauts to Mars one da

4、y. 许多科学家正在努力工作，以便有一天能派宇航员去火星。 7. The sun and its planets are called the solar system.太阳及其行星被称为太阳系。 三、语法精讲：三、语法精讲： 现在完成时 VS 一般过去时 1、教材典句、教材典句 Has it arrived yet ? Ive just made a model spaceship . Astronauts have already been to the moon . The astronaut has gone to the space station 2、语法精讲语法精讲 时态时态 现

5、在完成时现在完成时 一般过去时一般过去时 概念概念 表示在以前某个时间已经发生的行为活动曾经做一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作 过的事情对目前的影响 结构结构 have / has done did 时 间时 间 状语状语 yet, recently, already, so far, by now, just, for + 一段 时间，since+时间点 ago, yesterday, last week, just now, long long ago, once upon a time, the day before yesterday 例句例句 The scientists h

6、ave not heard it yet. I have already read the book twice. She has just heard the news. Mike hasnt come yet. We had a football match last week. 注意：注意： 牢记现在完成时的时间状语 瞬间动词的完成时不能接一段时间 when 不能与现在完成时连用 区分 have/ has gone to，have/ has been to 与 have/ has been in/ at 的区别 have/ has gone to 去了某地，此时人现在仍在某地或在途中。

7、have/ has been to 去过某地，此时人已回来了。 have/ has been in/ at 在某地待了多久 翻译：Have you ever been to Hong Kong ? Where is Lily ?Has she gone to the library ? I have been in Harbin for three years. 四、知识点精讲四、知识点精讲 1. What are you up to？你在做什么？ be up to sth.正在做某事，忙于某事 be up to sb.由某人决定 I havent seen you these days. W

8、hat are you up to? 你在做什么呢？ 翻译：Which one do you want? It is up to you. 你想要哪一个？你决定吧。 2. news n.新闻；消息 news 是不可数名词。如果表示一则消息用 a piece of news。 I have a piece of news to tell you.我有一则消息告诉你。 辨析 news, message 和 information (1)message,可数名词，通常指口头传递或手机短信。 He often sends me short messages.他经常给我发送短信息。 (2)informa

9、tion 不可数名词，通常指通过观察、学习、阅读和交谈得到的资料、信息等。 The book contains much new information.这本书有很多的新信息。 3. The journey has taken several months. 旅途花了几个月的时间。 句型: It takes sb. some time to do sth. 意为“某人花（多少）时间做某事”，其中 it 是形式主语，动词不定 式 to do sth.是真正的主语；常与句型 sb. spend(in) doing sth.互换。 It took me 5 hours to get to the v

10、illage. 翻译：It took us an hour to send this email. = We spent an hour sending this email. 我们花了一个小时发这个电子邮件。 4. Lots of scientists are working hard in order to send astronauts to Mars one day. in order to 意为“目的是”，后面接动词原形，相当于 sothat 引导的目的状语从句。 He got up early in order to catch the first train. 翻译：I stud

11、y hard in order to win a prize. 为了赢得奖励我认真学习。 5. People all around the world watched their televisions waiting for watch sb. doing sth.意为“看到某人正在做某事”（表示正在进行的动作） 。 watch sb. do sth.意为“看见某人做过某事”，强调动作自始始终的全过程。 We watched some young people running wildly in the street.我们看到一些年轻人正在街上狂跑。 翻译：我看见一只猴子正在吃香蕉。 I w

12、atched a monkey eating bananas. 6. 辨析 reach, arrive 和 get 词语 大地点 小地点 其他副词 arrive +in +at arrive here, arrive there, arrive home reach reach +地点 reach here, reach there, reach home get get to+地点 get here, get there, get home 翻译：1)I arrived in Beijing last night.我昨天晚上到达了北京。 2)Finally we reached the to

13、p of the mountain.最终我们到达了山顶。 3）When did you get to the park? 你什么时候到公园的？ 7. communicate v. 沟通;交流;传递 communicate with sb.“与某人交流”。 We should communicate our policy to the local people. 我们应该把我们的政策传递给当地人民。 翻译: They use their own language to communicate with each other. 他们用他们自己的语言互相交流。 8. With so many sta

14、rs in the universe, are we alone？宇宙中这么多的恒星，我们是唯一的吗？ alone 与 lonely 的区别： (1) alone 既可作形容词，又可作副词,意为“单独的/地，独自的/地”，没有感情色彩。 (2) lonely 只作为形容词，意为“孤独的，寂寞的”，具有感情色彩。 He lived alone after his wife left，so he was very lonely . 他妻子离开后，他一个人生活，所以他很孤独。 翻译： When you feel lonely, you can talk to me. 如果你孤单，可以和我聊天。 9.

15、 finish finish 意为“完成，结束”，结构为：finish sth.或 finish doing sth.。 When did you finish drawing the picture? 你什么时候画完那副画的？ 翻译：I finished my homework this morning. 我今天上午做完了作业。 【拓展】能接 v.-ing 作宾语的动词还有：practice; enjoy; mind; keep 等。 practice doing sth. 练习做某事 enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事 mind doing sth.介意做某事 keep doing

16、 sth. 一直做某事 like doing sth 喜欢做某事 五、习题巩固五、习题巩固 1）根据句意和汉语提示写出所缺的单词根据句意和汉语提示写出所缺的单词 1. We live on the _(地球). 2. What good _(新闻)! We were excited when we heard of it. 3. It is a _(模型) of the space station. 4. The man is a great _(宇航员). 5. It is a new _(行星) and we know nothing about it. 2）根据对话内容从方框巾选择能填入

17、空白处的最佳选项补全对话，其中两项是多余的）根据对话内容从方框巾选择能填入空白处的最佳选项补全对话，其中两项是多余的 A：Hi，Tom_1_ B：I watched a movie with my brother A：_2_ B：Its about Mars A：_3_ B：Its very interesting and I love it A：Can you tell me something about the movie? B：_4_The movie tells that astronauts have been to Mars and they have found life th

18、ere A：Really? What else? B：Do you really want to know more about the movie? A：YesI do B：_5_ A：Youre rightIll watch it this evening AOf course BWhat is the movie about? CWhen will the movie begin? DWhat do you think of the movie EThe cinema is not far from my house FWhat did you do yesterday evening?

19、 GWatch it by yourself and then you will know the answer. 3）根据汉语意思完成句子根据汉语意思完成句子 1. 我经常上网搜寻信息。 I often go online and _ _ information. 2.我还没有完成我的家庭作业。 I _ _ my homework _. 3. 他起得很早，为的是能赶上早班公交车。 He got up early _ _ _ catch the early bus. 3. 他们去过伦敦两次了。 They _ _ _ London twice. 5. 那就是他们喜欢音乐的原因。 _ _ they

20、 love music. 4）阅读理解）阅读理解 Why does the sky change colors? What is the sky? How high is it? What color is it? What birds can live above it? These questions are difficult to answer, arent they? In fact, the sky has no color. Then why does the sky look blue? We know that there is air around the world. W

21、hen planes fly, they need air to lift their wings. Planes cant fly very high. That is because the air gets thinner when they go higher. The same will happen to us if we go high enough. If we go up about 1,200 kilometres from the earth, well find no air there. Some birds can fly into the sky as high

22、as a plane, but they cannot fly or live without air. Looking up above us, you will see the blue sky with white clouds. It is usually light blue. The color will be bluer when you see on the top of a high mountain. And you will see fewer clouds in the sky between you and the sun. Sometimes the sky doe

23、snt look blue. When the sun rises or falls, you will see red, orange, and other colors in the sky. Such are the most beautiful moments of the day. Who can see the colors of the sky high above the earth? The astronauts! They can see those beautiful colors of the sky from outer space. However, before

24、flying into outer space, they sit in a spaceship high above the earth, and there is no air at all. The sky will be that dark and its color will be black. Now you may understand that we see colors because the air scatters (使散射) the sunlight. Light travels through the air. Without air, there would be

25、no light or colors. 1. Planes cant fly as high as possible because _. A. the sky is blue B. the wings are heavier C. the sky has no color D. the air becomes thinner 2. When you stand on the top of a high mountain, you will see _. A. more air B. bluer skies C. more colors D. more clouds 3. In Huzhou,

26、 we might see many colors in the sky at _during the day. A. 6:00 a.m. B. 9:00 a.m. C. 1:00 p.m. D. 3:00 p.m. 4. The sky changes colors because _. A. its colorful itself B. the world is colorful C. the sunlight has colors D. the air scatters the sunlight 5）完型填空。）完型填空。 Can you imagine astronauts every

27、day life in space? They also need to eat, 1 , exercise and relax. They do the same things as us, but they do 2 differently. On Earth, we put food on a plate and water in a glass. Gravity (重力) holds the food down and keep the water in the glass. 3 there is almost no gravity in space, so food can floa

28、t (飘浮) away, and astronauts must eat and drink 4 . Sleeping is very different in space. Some astronauts like to float in the air, but most like to be in a 5 bag. They tie (捆绑) the bag to a wall 6 they wont float away at night. Exercise is very important in space. On Earth, your legs 7 your body, but

29、 in space, astronauts float. So they do not use their legs often. This is very 8 their legs, so they must exercise for thirty minutes every day. After a days work, astronauts relax. They may listen to music, read, watch films, play games, or talk to their friends and families 9 the radio. Sometimes

30、they just enjoy 10 in the air. 1. A. play B. work C. sleep D. drink 2. A. it B. them C. one D. themselves 3. A. And B. But C. So D. Or 4. A. careless B. carelessly C. careful D. carefully 5. A. sleep B. asleep C. sleeping D. sleepy 6. A. when B. while C. if D. so that 7. A. take B. carry C. bring D.

31、 get 8. A. good for B. bad for C. good at D. good with 9. A. on B. by C. with D. for 10. A. float B. floating C. floated D. to float 外研版八下外研版八下 Module 3 Journey to space 要点精析要点精析 答案答案 五、习题精练五、习题精练 1）1. earth 2. news 3. model 4. astronaut 5. planet 2） FBDAG 【解析】 (1)由 I watcher a movie with my brother

32、我和我哥哥去看电影了，可知上一句应该是询问去干什 么了，F 意为你昨天晚上干什么了。 (2)由.Its about Mars那是关于 Mars 可知，上一句应该是询问电影是关于什么的，B 选项即问电影是关于什 么内容的。 (3)由 Its very interesting and I love it它很有趣并且我很喜欢它可知上句是问怎么样。D 选项为你认为这 部电影怎么样。 (4)Can you tell me something about the movie?你可以告诉我一些关于这部电影的事吗？下一句应该是对问题 的回答可以或者不可以，A 选项：当然可以，符合文意。 (5)由 Do you really want to know more about the movie?你真的想知道这个电影吗以及 Youre rightIll watch it this evening你是对的，我今晚去看。可知 tom 认为想要了解这个电影必须要亲自去看一遍，G 选项意为你 自己看一遍就会知道答案了。 3） 1. search for 2. havent finished; yet 3. in order to 4. have been to 5. Thats why 4） 1-4 DBAD 5）1-5 CBBDC 6-10 DBBAB