2023人教版英语八年级下册 Unit 2 单词用法 课件.pptx

1、Unit 2 单词用法1.cheer ti v.欢呼；喝彩cheer up意为“变得高兴，振奋起来”cheer up sb=cheer sb up 使某人更高兴 (sb是代词只能放在cheer 和 up之间)Who can cheer up the boy？=Who can cheer the boy up？2.volunteer vlnti n.&v.志愿者；义务做；自愿做 n.志愿者 复数：volunteers volunteer v.义务劳动，自愿做 volunteer to do sth.义务自愿做某事 很多人志愿到农场去工作。Many people volunteer to work

2、 on the farm.例1：Liu Jing volunteered_people in trouble.A.to help B.help C.helping D.helped 例2：-Are you all_?-Yes.We always_to help sick people in the hospital.A.volunteers,volunteer B.volunteer,volunteers C.volunteers,volunteers D.volunteer,volunteer AA3.notice nts n.&v.通知，公告；注意到notice作可数名词，意为“公告牌；布

3、告”。例如：There is a notice on the wall,saying“No Parking”.notice作不可数名词，意为“注意”。例如：Take notice of what they say.注意听他们说。notice作动词，意为“注意到，留心，看到”。例如：notice sb do sth 注意到某人做某事 notice sb doing sth 注意到某人正在做某事（动作正在进行）你注意到他的手在抖吗？Did you notice his hand shaking?lonelylonely 形容词形容词孤独的，寂寞的孤独的，寂寞的”指指情感上的孤独情感上的孤独，带有伤

4、感的感情色彩。，带有伤感的感情色彩。A lot of old people are lonely.A lot of old people are lonely.feel/be lonelyfeel/be lonely“荒凉的；偏僻的，通常在荒凉的；偏僻的，通常在名词前做定语名词前做定语。They were traveling in a lonely place of America.They were traveling in a lonely place of America.他们正在他们正在美国一个荒凉偏僻的地方旅行。美国一个荒凉偏僻的地方旅行。alone alone 副词副词独自；单独独

5、自；单独；相当于；相当于“by oneself=of ones own“by oneself=of ones own”.”.I want to I want to travel alonetravel alone.我想独自去旅行。我想独自去旅行。live/travel/stay alonelive/travel/stay alone alone alone 无论形容词或无论形容词或副词，表达身体上独副词，表达身体上独自孤单，强调没有同自孤单，强调没有同伴的客观情况，没有伴的客观情况，没有感情色彩。感情色彩。形容词形容词单独的，独自的，常用作表语。单独的，独自的，常用作表语。Tom was al

6、one in a house.Tom was alone in a house.Tom Tom 独自一人在房子里独自一人在房子里4.lonely lnl adj.孤独的，寂寞的lonely与alone的区别【典型例题】根据汉语提示完成句子，每空一词。1.他喜欢自己一个人呆在家里。He likes being _ in the house.2.现在孩子们都离开了家，她感到孤独。Now all the kids have left home and she feels_.3.她决定独自去爬那座山。She decided to climb the mountain _.4.那是一处偏僻的海滩，所以很

7、少有人去那里。Its a _ beach,so few people go there.alonelonelyalonelonelylonely与alone的区别 alone作副词,意为“单独、独自”。alone=by oneself=on ones own 独自 You should finish your homework alone.=You should finish your homework.(2)lonely是形容词,意为“孤独的,寂寞的”。feel lonely 感到孤独 ()Although Tom lives_,he doesnt feel_.A.lonely;lonely

8、B.alone;aloneC.alone;lonelyD.lonely;alone 例：Though he is _ at home,he doesnt feel_ for he has many things to do.A.alone;lonely B.lonely;aloneC.alone;alone D.lonely;lonelyCA5.several sevrl pron.几个，数个，一些=a few 我有几个好朋友。I have several/a few good friends.6.satisfaction stsfkn n.满足，满意 satisfied adj.满意的；满足

9、的 近义词：pleased v.satisfy v.使满意；使满足 n.satisfaction 满意；满足be satisfied with sth=be pleased with 对.满意 to ones satisfaction 使某人满意的是；with satisfaction 满足地；满意地 精选考题：1.He smiled with _(satisfied)when he won the race.satisfaction 7.joy d n.高兴，愉快 Activities with animals help them improve their physical conditi

10、on and also give them joy.跟动物一起活动将帮助他们改善身体条件还有给他们快乐。7.owner n(r)n.所有者，物主 词形变化own adj.自己的；v.拥有the owner of .的主人 经典例句她不是这所房子的主人。She is not the owner of this house.8.raise rez v.抬起，举起，筹集，征集 raise是及物动词，意为“筹集”。(1)常用短语：raise sth.for sb./sth.意为“为某人/物 而筹集”。例如：我们为希望工程筹钱。We raise money for Hope Project.(2)rai

11、se作及物动词，意为“提升，举起，升起”。例如：raise ones hand举手 raise prices涨价(3)raise作及物动词，还可意为“种植；饲养；培养；抚养”。例如：Their family raised much corn.他们家种了很多玉米。raise money 募款；筹钱 raise a child 抚养小孩9.clean up i:（动+副：代词放中间）clean them/it up打扫（或清除）干净 Eg.Ill clean up my desk/Ill clean my desk up.clean-up(n.)打扫,清洁 My kids helped me do

12、 a big clean-up yesterday.School Clean-up Day 学校大扫除日10.imagine mdn v.想象，设想imagination n.想象 imagine是动词，意为“想象，推测”，后面可接名词、代词、宾语从句、复合宾语，常用于结构：imagine doing sth.想象做某事。例如：我们无法想象将来中国是什么样子。We cant imagine what China will be like in the future.我无法想象离开我所有的朋友。I cant imagine leaving all my friends.11.difficulty

13、 dfklt n.困难n.困难，难题词汇扩展difficult adj.困难的经典例句政府应该鼓励社会团体去关爱那些有生活困难的残疾人。The government should encourage social groups to care for the disabled who have difficulty in life.12.train tren v.训练，培养v./n.训练，培训 火车词形变化 training n.训练常考短语 train for 为.接受训练经典例句在下一场比赛之前你必须好好培训。Youll have to train hard before the next

14、 match.13.excited ksatd adj.激动的，兴奋的 adj.激动的，感到兴奋的exciting adj.令人兴奋的 excite v.使兴奋 excitement n.兴奋be excited about意为“对感到兴奋、激动”。例如：去动物园令我兴奋。I was excited about going to the zoo.be excited to do sth.意为“对做某事感到兴奋”。杰克对于乘飞机去那里旅行感到很兴奋。Jack was excited to travel there by plane.选词填空1.Are you getting _(exciting

15、/excited)about your holiday?2.What an _(exciting/excited)game it is!3.He gave us a quite _(surprising/surprised)answer.4.We were very _(surprising/surprised)at the result.5.He didnt seem very _(interesting/interested)in what I said.6.Its _(boring/bored)to sit on the plane with nothing to read.excite

16、dexcitingsurpringsurprisedinterestedboring14.interest ntrst n.&v.感兴趣；兴趣 have/show interest in 对.感兴趣 lose interest in 对.失去兴趣 a place of interest 一处名胜古迹15.make a difference to 意为“（对）产生影响”Lucky makes a big difference to my life.“幸运儿”对我的生活有很大的影响。difference前面可加修饰词，如big,great等；to是介词，其后可接名词、代词或动名词。教育对一个人的生

17、活质量有很大影响。Education can make a big difference to the quality of a persons life.失之毫厘，谬以千里。One false step will make a great difference.【拓展】make no difference to意为“对没有影响”。例如：It makes no difference to me.这对我没什么影响。17.give out意为“散发；分发”相当于hand out，是“动词+副词”结构的短语动词。例如：Can you give the drinks out,please?请你分发一下

18、饮料好吗？【拓展】give out的不同含义：(1)give out表示“发出（光、热、声音、气味等）。”例如：The sun gives out light and heat to the earth.太阳给大地光和热。(2)give out表示“用完；耗尽”。例如：Our food supplies began to give out.我们存的粮食要吃完了。18.used to与 be used to的辨析(1)used to (一般过去时)表示过去经常发生的动作或存在的状态，该动词或状态现在已经不再继续，言下之意是现在不做了，used to 后只能接动词原形，即：used to do s

19、th 例如：在我还是小女孩的时候我常常那么做。I used to do that when I was a little girl.(2)be used to习惯于做某事，后跟名词、代词或动名词。例如：He used to play football，but now he likes playing basketball.他以前经常踢足球，但现在他喜欢打篮球。She is used to get up early.她习惯早起。put off“推迟”其后可跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语。因为大雨他们推迟了比赛。They put off the match because of the heavy r

20、ain.请你们不要拖延做作业。Please dont put off doing your homework.今天的事不要拖到明天办。Never put off what you can do today till tomorrow.【拓展】由put构成的常用短语有：put away将收起来 put on穿上；上演 put down放下，记下 put out熄灭；伸出 put back放回原处 put up张贴；搭建take after，look like与be like的辨析(1)take after意为“像；与相像”，指由于血缘关系而（在外貌、性格等方面）相似；相当于be similar

21、to，其中after是介词，其后常接名词或代词。你女儿长得一点都不像你。Your daughter doesnt take after you at all.(2)look like意为“看上去像”，多指外貌。例如：You look like my brother.你和我弟弟长得像。(3)be like意为“像”，可指外貌，也可指性格。例如：What is your sister like?你妹妹的性格怎么样？I take after my mother.我长的像我妈妈。【解析】(1)take after=be similar to在（外貌、性格等方面）与（父母）相像（v.+adv）【短语】t

22、ake back 收回，接回 take down 写下 take off 脱下；起飞 take up 占去（时间或空间）take care 小心 take care of 照顾 take place 发生 take out 拿出 take away 拿走(2)look like 只指在外貌上与.相像【短语】：look after 照顾 look up 向上看，查找look for 寻找 look out 小心()The girl _ the woman.Maybe she is her daughter.A.take care B.takes after C.takes off D.look

23、after()Tom _ his father,because they both are cheerful and easygoing.A.looks like B.takes after C.doesnt take after D.isnt like1)such 是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组，so是副词，只能修饰形容词或副词。He is such a fool.=He is so foolish.Those are such beautiful flowers.2)such+a/an+adj+n =so+adj+a/an+nShe is such a nice girl.=She is s

24、o nice a girl.3)so many，so few，so much，so little为固定搭配，不可用such替换.复数名词、不可数名词用such，不可用so.例如：Such useful flowers such fresh beef词条词性 用法 常用结构such形容词修饰名词such a/an+形容词+可数名词单数no/any/some/all/many 等+such+名词such+除many/few之外的形容词+可数名词复数such+除much/little之外的形容词+不可数名词so 程度副词修饰形容词或副词so+形容词+可数名词复数so+many/few+可数名词复数s

25、o+much/little+不可数名词repaire mend fix区分 I repaired it.我把它修好了【解析】repair v “修理；修复”1)repair的对象范围很广，从房屋、道路、机器到日常生活必需品，是使受到一定损失或失灵的东西恢复其形状或功能。Who has repaired the broken leg of the table?谁把桌子的断腿修好了？2)mend的意思是恢复某物原来的样子(包括用针、线来缝补)，一般指较小之物。This shirt is too old to mend.这件衣服太旧不能补了。3)fix用于需要重新“调”物体的结构，把松散的部件固定结

26、实，将分离的物体各部分装配起来。用于美国口语中，与repair无多大区别。Can you fix the broken chair?你能修理那把坏了的椅子吗?sick/ill：sick/ill：(1)sick adj.“生病的”，既可放be(系动词)后作表语，也可放n.前作定语。be sick of“讨厌；厌恶”sick person=patient“病人”(2)ill adj.“生病的”，只能放be(系动词)后作表语，be ill in hospital 生病住院 ill illness n.“病；疾病”.You look very tired.You must be sick.(=ill)

27、.He had a sick mother.他有一位生病的母亲 journey、tour、trip、travel 的区别journey:(时间较长、距离较远的)单程陆上旅行，也指水上或空中的旅行。tour:指最后反回出发地，旅途中有停留游览点，距离可长可短，目的各异的周游或巡行。travel:泛指旅行的行为而不指某次具体的旅行，(远方作长期)旅行，不强调直接目的地，单、复数均可用。travel around the world【名词】traveler旅行者trip:(公务或游玩较短暂)的旅行。use ju:z【解析1】(1)use v.使用useful adj.有用的 use up 用完 St

28、udying English is_(use).(2)use sth to do sth 用某物做某事We use Internet _(find)information.(3)used to do sth 过去常常做某事，表示过去做过的事现在已经不做，只用于过去时态。My mother used_（tell）us story when we were young.()He used to _short hair when he was young.A.had B.have C.be D.having【记】He used to wear glasses.But now he is used t

29、o _ contact lenses.他以前常戴（框架）眼镜，但现在习惯戴隐形眼镜。usefulto findto tellwearingB(1)-How does Jack usually go to work?-He _ drive a car,but now he _ there to lose weight.A.used to;is used to walk B.was used to;is used to walkingC.was used to;is used to walk D.used to;is used to walking(2)She_ live with her grandparents,but she doesnt now.A.used to B.is used to C.was used to(3)She _ live alone.But she _ living alone because she feels lonely.A.used to;doesnt used to B.is used to;was used to C.used to;is not used to D.was used to;doesnt used toDAC