宾语从句 讲练 漂亮课件.ppt

1、He says something.宾语成分（由一个词语充当）He says that they are family.宾语成分（由一个句子充当）引导词语序时态陈述句疑问句that引导whether和if的区别连接代词：who whom whose what which连接代词：when why where how注：that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略1.我听说他很帅。I hear(that)he is handsome.2.他说他非常喜欢这条裙子。He said(that)he loved this dress very much.3.李易峰告诉我们地球围绕

2、太阳转。Li Yifeng told us(that)the earth moves around the sun.注意：当从句是客观真理的时候，无论主句什么时态，从句一律用一般现在时e.g.1.Ask him _.（他是猪吗）2.I dont know _.（他们是否是男孩）whether(if)he is a pig whether they are boys or not说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在ask,wonder,can(could)you tell me 等后。原句为一般疑问句，选择疑问句或反意疑问句。If 和whether 傻傻分不清楚1.I dont know _

3、he will come or not.2.I dont care of _ he is handsome.3.He wondered _ to stay here the next week.4._ he will come is not decided.与or not 连用只能用whether介词后只能用whether与to do 不定式连用只能用whether作主语只能用whetherWhat is she doing?Can you tell me?Can you tell me what she is doing?Where does she live?Do you know?Do

4、you know where she lives?当从句原本是特殊疑问句时，用以下连接代词和连接副词引导：what,which,who,whom,whose,when,where,how,why,how far,how long,how many,how much,how often作用：连接主句和从句，并在从句中担任句子成分，具有一定的意义。（从句）（从句）（主句）（主句）引导词 句子类型 that陈述句一般疑问句if/whether特殊疑问词（7W+1h）特殊疑问句由连接代词what,whom,whose,which,what及连接副词 when,where,how,why引导的宾语从句w

5、hen well have a meetingwhere he ishow I can get to the stationwhy the train is latewho could answer the questionwhom they are waiting for1.He asked _.(谁能回答这个问题谁能回答这个问题）2.Do you know_.（他们在等谁他们在等谁）3.Please tell me _.（我们什么时候开会我们什么时候开会）4.Can you tell me _.（他在哪儿他在哪儿）5.Could you tell me _.（我该怎么去车站我该怎么去车站）

6、6.Would you tell me _（为什么火车迟到了为什么火车迟到了）语序！？又是什么鬼！陈述句语序=主语+谓语 疑问句语序=谓语+主语将下列句子换成陈述句语序1.Is he a lovely boy?2.Are they good boys?He is a lovely boy.They are good boys.主语谓语主语谓语1.I want to know _ he can be here on time.A.whoB.whenC.whereD.which2.Could you tell me _?A.what your mother do B.what does your

7、mother do C.your mother does D.what your mother does3.Did you know _ a sports meeting next Saturday?A.there would have to be B.if there were C.if there was going to be D.there was going to have4.Tell me _,please.A.how old is he B.how old he isC.he is how old D.how old does he将下列句子合并为一句:1.Where do th

8、ey stop on the way?I asked.2.What will you speak at the meeting?Could you tell me?3.Do they like to go skiing?He asked.4.He is doing his homework.He said.5.He will come back.Tom said.I asked where they stopped on the way.Could you tell me what you will speak at the meeting?He asked if they liked to

9、go skiing.He said that he was doing his homework.Tom said that he would come back.He says she is right.He says she was right.判断 yes or no主句是一般现在时从句时态不受限制这就是深藏功与名的He said she is right.He said she was right.主句是一般过去时从句时态必须是相对应的过去式什么是相对应的过去时？He will go to Hong Kong.He is sick.He is reading a book.He has

10、 finished his work.he would go to Hong Kong.he was sick.he was reading a book.he had finished his work.He said 主句时态 从句时态连接前连接后一般现在时时态保持不变一般过去时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时一般将来时过去将来时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时He said the earth moved around the sun.He said the earth moves around the sun.不变的真理，规律永远都用一般现在时Could you tel

11、l me how I could go there?Could you tell me how I can go there?Could,Would等表示委婉语气，时态不受影响 判断 yes or no主句时态从句时态一般现在时、一般将来时、祈使句时 根据句意的需要用任意一种时态 一般过去时 与原句相对应的过去的时态（一般过去时、过去将来时、过去进行时、过去完成时）客观事实、真理、自然现象、名言警句、谚语等 一律用一般现在时 1.当主从句的主语一致时：1)I dont know what I shall do next.I dont know what to do next.2)John di

12、dnt decide which shirt he would buy.John didnt decide which shirt to buy.当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且主句的谓语动词是know,remember,forget,learn,decide 等时，从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。2.当主句的谓语含有双宾语时，如果间宾与从句（直宾）中的主语一致时：1)Can you tell me how I can get to the police station?Can you tell me how to get to the police station?2)Please

13、show me how I should start the recorder.Please show me how to start the recorder.在含有宾语从句的主从复合句中，当主句的主语为第一人称，谓语动词是think，believe,guess,suppose等时，要将从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，宾语从句的谓语动词用肯定式。1.我认为他不会和你一起来。I dont think he will come with you.2.我不相信他已经完成了作业。I dont believe he has finished his homework.当从句的原句为

14、以下句子以及what,who作主语时，语序不变：Whats wrong?Whats the matter?Whats happening?eg:I dont know whats the matter.Can you tell me who is over there?1.I asked him whether he _ how to pronounce this word.A.knowsB.knewC.has knownD.will know2.Dick said that he _ in a train to Washington at seven yesterday.A.ride B.w

15、ould ride C.was ridingD.had ridden3.Peter said that he _ the way to the chemists shop.A.does not know B.did not know C.do not know D.did not knew4.He said that he _ the next day.A.will set off B.set C.would set off D.wont set off5.The teacher told us that the earth _ round.A.is B.was C.were D.be1.Th

16、e radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow.(be)2.The headmaster hopes everything _ well.(go)3.Tom says that they _(play)basketball at six oclock yesterday evening.4.I hear they _(return)it already.5.He said that they _ members of the Party since 1948.(be)6.He asked what they _ at eight last night.(do)7.The t

17、eacher told his class that light _ faster than sound.(travel)8.I think you _ about the murder now.(talk)will be goes were playing have returned had been travels are talking were doing9.I didnt know whom the letters _ from.(be)10.I didnt know what time he _ the letter.(write)11.Mr Wang told me that t

18、he earth _(move)round the sun.12.Could you tell me who _ away the book already?(take)13.Ling Feng told me he _ there several times.(be)14.Our teacher told us in class the sun _ in the east.(rise)15.Can you tell me what they _ yesterday?(do)wrote moves has taken had been risesdid were1.马力喜欢这部电影。Mary

19、loves this movie.2.穿黑色衣服的那个女生是杨幂。The girl in black is Yangmi.3.郭敬明不是一个基佬。Guo Jingming isnt a gay.1.你喜欢这部电影吗？Do you like this movie?2.郭敬明多高？How tall is Guo Jingming?3.郭敬明是个基佬，难道不是吗？Guo Jingming is a gay,isnt he?1.多忙的电影啊！（以what&how引导）What a busy movie!How busy the movie is!2.不要在电影院里放屁(fart)！Dont fart

20、at the cinema!3.请关门.Please close the door.句子种类你造吗！：说明一个事实或陈述一个看法，有肯定式和否定式。语序是主语在前，谓语在后。Mary loves this movie.The girl in black is Yangmi.Guo Jingming isnt a gay.肯定句式：否定句式：She cant swim.Mary doesnt like this movie.The children didnt go to school yesterday.在一般现在时和一般过去时中，当句子谓语动词是实义动词是，否定句式要用合适的助动词 dont

21、,doesnt,didnt.按使用目的可分：陈述句、疑问句、感叹句和祈使句。1）一般疑问句：用来询问一件事，答案通常是yes或 no，注意语序。Are you a pig?Do you love me?Isnt she a beautiful teacher?Can you fly?2）特殊疑问句：常用的特殊疑问词 what,where,who,when,why,which,howWhat day is it today?Where are you going?How are you?Who are you?3）选择疑问句：要求对方对两种或两种以上的情况选择其一的问句，叫选择疑问句。选择问句的

22、两种或多种情况用or连接，语调先升后降，回答时不用yes或no。-Are you a boy or a girl?-Im a girl.-Where are you going,Shenzhen orThailand?-Im going to Thailand.4）反意疑问句：陈述句之后加上一个与之意思相反的简短问句，这种结构的句子叫反意疑问句。原则：前肯后否，前否后肯。-You are a dog,arent you?-No,Im not.-She likes eating Mc Donald,doesnt she?-Yes,she does.表示强烈感情或情绪的句子，一般由what或how

23、引导。What a handsome boy he is!1.他是一个多么帅的男孩啊！【what引导的感叹句】【how引导的感叹句】How handsome the boy is!2.这是一只多么可爱的狗啊！What a lovely dog it is!How lovely the dog is!【what引导的感叹句】【how引导的感叹句】表示说话人直接向听话人发出命令、请求、邀请或提出劝告、建议等的句子。祈使句的主语经常省略。No smoking!不要抽烟！Dont fart at the cinema!不要在电影院放屁！Never give up!永不言弃！Let it go!随它吧！

24、按句子结构可分：简单句、并列句和复合句。1.盗墓笔记很受欢迎。The Lost Tomb is very popular.2.吴邪和张起灵都很帅。Wu Xie and Zhang Qiling are handsome.3.吴邪起立然后向我走过来。Wu Xie stands up and walks to me.基本句型一：+（主谓）基本句型二：+O （主谓宾）基本句型三：+P （主系表）基本句型四：+IO+DO （主谓间宾直宾）基本句型五：+O+OC （主谓宾宾补）把两个或几个简单句，用并列连词连接起来成为并列句。He was tired.He went to bed.He was tire

25、d so he went to bed.Im ugly.Im gentle.Im ugly but Im gentle.常用的并列连词 and,bothand,平行并列连词 not onlybut also,neithernor but,however转折并列连词 while yet because 因果并列连词 so for,therefore or选择并列连词 otherwise eitheror1.Mary is thirsty,_ she needs a glass of water.2.He is an actor,_ his wife is a singer.3.He was so

26、 tired,_ he had to go to school.4.Dont be late,_ there is a meeting.5.Hurry up,_youll be late.6.He works hard _ his brother is a lazy bone.soand/whilebutbecauseorwhile/but主句+从句He says something.宾语成分（由一个词语充当）He says that they are family.宾语成分（由一个句子充当）vI hope that everything is all right.vShe was readi

27、ng the newspaper when I came in.vShe is the girl who sings best of all.1.He has found out.She was late.(why)请用括号中所给的词把每组句子连接为一个复合句。2.I still remember the day.I first came to Aixuetang on that day.(when)3.This is Mary.Mary is a pig.(who)TNANK YOU第三篇语法知识专题第三篇语法知识专题第十一节非谓语动词 非谓语动词分为动词不定式、动名词和分词(包括现在分词和

28、过去分词)。(一)动词不定式的功能功能例句作主语itsadj.for sb./of sb.to do sth.(it为形式主语，to do sth.为真正的主语)Its not easy for us to learn English.作表语The most important thing is to finish your homework first.作宾语动词to dowant/decide/pretend/wish/learn/would like to do动词形式宾语(it)宾补to doI find it hard to get good grades.“动词疑问词to do”可

29、改成“动词宾语从句”I dont know how to do it.I dont know how I should do it.46功能例句作补语动词宾语to dotell/ask/like/invite/allow/encourage sb.to do sth.动词宾语不带to的不定式一感(feel)一听(hear)三看(see，watch，notice)三让(have，make，let)sb.do sth.作状语目的：He got up early to catch the first bus.结果：He is too tired to walk again.作定语I have som

30、ething to tell you.Zunyi is a good place to live in.47(二)动名词的功能功能例句作主语动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数Reading more books is good for us.作宾语完成实践值得忙(finish，practice，be worth，be busy)继续习惯别放弃(keep on，be used to，give up)考虑建议不禁想(consider，suggest，cant help，feel like)喜欢思念要介意(enjoy，miss，mind)He enjoyed playing basketball.作表语

31、His favorite sport is playing soccer.作定语 shopping listfinishing line48(三)分词的功能功能现在分词(-ing)过去分词(-ed)作表语The story is boring.My watch is broken.作定语developing country(发展中国家)developed country(发达国家)作宾补I found him lying on the grass.I had my hair cut yesterday.49(四)非谓语动词考点 1“一感一听三看两让”变被动语态时，动词不定式符号to要还原：fe

32、el/hear/see/watch/notice/have/make sb.do sth.be felt/heard/seen/watched/noticed/had/made to do sth.2remember/forget/regret to do sth.记得/忘记/遗憾去做某事 remember/forget/regret doing sth.记得/忘记/后悔做了某事 3stop to do sth.停下来去做某事 stop doing sth.停止做某事 4see/hear sb.doing sth.看见/听见某人正在做某事 see/hear sb.do sth.看见/听见某人做

33、了某事或常做某事50 5常考的省略了to的动词不定式的句型 Why not do sth.？/Could(would)you please(not)do sth.？/had better(not)do sth./would rather do.than do 6固定形式：the first/last/next/only/second to do sth.He is the only person to know the truth.She is the first person to learn computer programming.7there be 主语to do sth.There

34、is nothing to worry about.51 8后跟doing 的常考短语 have difficulty/trouble/problems doing feel like doingwould like to do spend time(in)doingbe busy doing prefer doing to doingbe used to doing look forward to doingdevote to doing make a contribution to doing52 考点一动词不定式 1(2016中考改编)Dont forget_your history a

35、nd politics books tomorrow morning.Thanks.I wont.()AbringBto bringCbringing 2(2016中考改编)We can make a fire_ the room warm so that we can chat for a while.()Ato keepBkeepingCkeep 3(2016中考改编)_ a volunteer is great.I think so.Some of us want_volunteers for the London Olympics.()ABeing;being BTo be;being

36、 CBeing;to beBAC53 4(2016中考改编)Granny often tells us_water in our daily life.()Asave BSavingCto save 5(2016中考改编)Teachers always warn the school kids_with strangers on their way home.()Anot talkBnot to talkCno talking 6(2016中考改编)So beautiful flowers!I cant decide_for my mom.For Mothers Day.It cant be

37、better to take some carnations(康乃馨).()Awhen to chooseBwhich to choose Chow to chooseCBB54 考点二动名词 1(2016中考改编)Would you like_or shall we go by bus?I prefer_，but we have to take a taxi，for time is short.()Awalking；to walkBto walk；walkingCwalk；to walk 2(2016中考改编)May I have a rest？I have already finished

38、_the report.()AwriteBwritingCto writeBB55 3(2016中考改编)Its a fine day today.How about_？Sounds great！()Ago hiking Bgo to hikeCgoing hiking 4(2016中考改编)On her way home Lucy saw a thief_in a shop.She stopped_110 at once.()Asteal；callingBstealing；callingCstealing；to callCC56 考点三分词 1(2016中考改编)The new treatm

39、ents_by Norman Bethune helped a number of soldiers.()Ainvented BinventsCinvent 2(2016中考改编)While I was walking along the lake，I saw some fish_out of the water.()AjumpedBare jumping CjumpingAC57 3(2016中考改编)Is tea ready?No，mother is_it ready now.()AdoingBgettingCcooking 4(2016中考改编)Oh！Whats the matter?I

40、m really_all the time.I have no energy.()Abusy BtiredChappyBB58BmeetingAdoingBrunningCrepairedAbeClaughing59第三篇语法知识专题第三篇语法知识专题第十四节并列句 并列句：简单句并列连词简单句类型并列连词类型并列连词表平行and，both.and.，not only.but also.，neither.nor.，as well as表转折but，yet(然而)，while(而)表选择or，not.but.(不是而是)，either.or.(要么要么)表因果as，for，so62 考点并列句(

41、2016中考改编)The story is_and all of us are_in it.()Ainterest；interesting Binteresting；interest Cinteresting；interestedC63第三篇语法知识专题第三篇语法知识专题第十节动词的语态(一)分类语态例句主动语态：表示主语是动作的执行者Many people speak Chinese.被动语态：表示主语是动作的承受者Chinese is spoken by many people.66(二)常用被动语态的形式及构成(以do为例)时态构成例句一般现在时am/is/aredoneThe clas

42、sroom is cleaned every day.一般过去时was/wereThe classroom was cleaned just now.现在进行时am/is/are beingThe classroom is being cleaned now.过去进行时was/were beingThe classroom was being cleaned at this time yesterday.一般将来时will/shall beThe classroom will be cleaned tomorrow.过去将来时would beThe classroom would be cle

43、aned the next day.现在完成时have/has beenThe classroom has already been cleaned.过去完成时had beenThe classroom had already been cleaned by them.67(三)被动语态考点 1sell和sell out sell无被动语态；sell out有被动语态 The book sells very well.The book has been sold out.2take place/happen/change/break out(爆发)无被动语态 Our home town has

44、 changed a lot.A car accident happened just now.68 3动词不等式符号to在be made/be heard/be seen中还原 be made to do sth.被迫做某事；be heard/seen to do sth.被听到/看到做某事 The workers were made to work for a long time in the old time.The girl is heard to sing in the next door.The boys are seen to play soccer on the playgro

45、und.69 考点一被动语态的应用 1(2016中考改编)In many places in China，the old over 90_not only by their family but also by the government.()Ais taking good careBare taken good care of Cis taking good care of 2(2016中考改编)Bamboo can_ paper.()Aused to makeBbe used makeCbe used to make 3(2016中考改编)It is true that knowledg

46、e_rather than being taught.()AlearnsBlearnedCis learnedBCC70 4(2016中考改编)Driving after drinking wine_in China.()AallowsBdoesnt allowCisnt allowed 5(2016中考改编)The disabled people shouldnt_.Instead，we should be friendly to them.()Alook downBlook down onCbe looked down onCC71 考点二被动语态的几种特殊形式 1(2016中考改编)In

47、 the past the children were made_15 hours a day.()AworksBworkCto work 2(2016中考改编)The 31st Olympic Games_in Brazil in 2016.()AholdBwill holdCwill be held 3(2016中考改编)Wow!You have a ticket to the Expo.It_by my uncle.He is working in Shanghai.()A.is boughtB was boughtC.has bought 4(2016中考改编)I_to take pa

48、rt in the English speech contest last week.()AaskBaskedCwas askedCCBC72Cwill be heldAhappenedBbe wateredBto studyBwere plantedA/73第三篇语法知识专题第三篇语法知识专题第十四节并列句 并列句：简单句并列连词简单句类型并列连词类型并列连词表平行and，both.and.，not only.but also.，neither.nor.，as well as表转折but，yet(然而)，while(而)表选择or，not.but.(不是而是)，either.or.(要么要么

49、)表因果as，for，so76 考点并列句(2016中考改编)The story is_and all of us are_in it.()Ainterest；interesting Binteresting；interest Cinteresting；interestedC77第三篇语法知识专题第三篇语法知识专题第十五节复合句 由一个主句和一个或一个以上从句构成的句子叫复合句。分为宾语从句、定语从句和状语从句。(一)宾语从句：在句子中起宾语作用的从句。时态(1)主句是过去时，从句用相应的过去时态(客观真理除外)(2)主句是一般现在时，从句的时态根据具体情况确定语序从句一律用陈述语序，即“主语

50、谓语”连接词(1)that无实际含义，可省略(2)what，when，where，how，who，whom和whose等疑问词变为连接词(3)if，whether 的含义为“是否”人称一(第一人称)随主，二随宾，三不变80(二)定语从句：在句中作定语，修饰一个名词或代词的从句关系代/副词用法共同点who只能指人，在从句中作主语或宾语who，which，that在定语从句中作宾语时可以省略which只能指物，在从句中作主语或宾语that(指人时相当于who，指物时相当于which)(1)先行词被最高级或序数词修饰时(2)先行词被the only，all，any，no，the last，just，