波士顿公园系统课件.ppt

1、 波士顿公园系统 E me r a l d N e c k l a c e A S h o r t B i o g r a p h y波士顿公园系统课件波士顿公园系统课件The artist we refer to here is Frederick Law Olmsted who,for his vision and craft,is known as the father of landscape architecture.He designed the Boston Park system we affectionately call the Emerald Necklace,a str

2、ing of nine continuous parks.Study these green spaces more closely and youll find they are far from naturally occurring phenomena.They are feats of engineering,marvels of visionary urban planning,corridors of transportation,contributors to the public health,and a canvas upon which an artist has work

3、ed in plants,trees,earth and water instead of oils.Olmsted designed this park system in the later 19th century to provide a common ground to which all people could come for healthful relief from the pollution,noise and overcrowding of city life.Carriages,horseback riders and pedestrians could enjoy

4、their recreations,and Bostonians could find places for both active play and quiet contemplation.He reshaped the topography to solve major drainage and sewage problems and to create a rustic environment.i n t h e a r t o f l a n d s c a p e d e s i g nThough he did not design the first three parks-Bo

5、ston Common,the Public Garden and Commonwealth Avenue Mall-he did envision the new and older parks working together as a system.And he believed they should work in many ways.T h o u g h h e d i d n o t d e s i g n t h e fFranklin ParkArnold ArboretumJamaica PondOlmsted ParkBack Bay FensCommonwealth

6、Avenue MallPublic GardenBoston CommonThe RiverwayF r a n k l i n P a r k A r n o l d A r b o r e t u mJBoston CommonFounded in 1634The oldest park in the United States,the Common has been shared land since 1634 and holds a unique place in the history of Boston and the nation.Though the landscape has

7、 changed from pastures and militia training grounds to a well-loved park with open lawns,shaded pathways,ballfields,tennis courts and a playground,the Common remains an active meeting ground in the heart of historic Boston.For over 350 years it has been a center and a mirror of civic life.B o s t o

8、n C o mmo n波士顿公园系统课件波士顿公园系统课件The Massachusetts State HouseT h e Ma s s a c h u s e t t s S t a t e H o u s eFrederick Law Olmsted never touched Boston Common,but his sons did.About 1913,their firm supervised the paving of walkways,the replenishment of the soil,and the moving of 15-ton trees.F r e d

9、e r i c k L a w O l ms t e d n e v e r t o波士顿公园系统课件波士顿公园系统课件波士顿公园系统课件波士顿公园系统课件P u b l i c G a r d e nc r e a t e d i n 1 8 3 7The Boston Public Garden was established in 1837 by a group of Proprietors as the first public botanical garden in the United States.In 1852 it was returned to city control,a

10、nd after passage of the Public Garden act of 1858,it was laid out essentially in its present form.The beauty of the Boston Public Garden lies in the Lagoon,Swan Boats,sculpture,fountains,elaborate flower beds,and its notable trees.All these features make the park a favorite spot for small weddings(b

11、y permit).T h e B o s t o n P u b l i c G a r d e n w a s e波士顿公园系统课件波士顿公园系统课件波士顿公园系统课件波士顿公园系统课件波士顿公园系统课件This grand alle of shade trees forms the central spine of the Back Bay neighborhood and a strong link in the Emerald Necklace park system.The Mall features memorial sculptures honoring outstanding

12、 people;from Revolutionary War heroes to fallen firefighters.The residential streets of Back Bay are some of the best preserved examples of late 19th-century urban architecture in the country.C o mmo n w e a l t h A v e n u e Ma l l 波士顿公园系统课件Frederick Law Olmsteds challenge in 1878 was to reclaim an

13、 area that was described as“the foulest marsh and muddy flats to be found anywhere in Massachusetts”He succeeded by combining sanitary engineering and landscape art to create what today would be called an ecological restoration.Significantly filled and altered during the 20th century,the Back Bay Fe

14、ns now provides a variety of recreational opportunities,from gardening,to concerts,to sports.The Fens is surrounded by some of Bostons major cultural and educational institutions.B a c k B a y F e n s E s t a b l i s h e d波士顿公园系统课件Within the Fens is the oldest remaining wartime Victory Garden(1941)p

15、lanted by citizens.Today it is a well-loved Community Garden of flowers and vegetables.A favorite picnic site for local residents,the World War II,Vietnam and Korean War Memorial,can be found tucked behind the Kelleher Rose Garden.The playground at Mothers Rest is also a perfect spot for children to

16、 come and play after school or on the weekend.Wi t h i n t h e F e n s i s t h e o l d e s t The Riverway,which forms part of the border between Boston and Brookline,is a narrow park of approximately 34 acres that runs along the Muddy River.Olmsted described the Muddy River as a fresh-water course b

17、ordered by passages of rushy meadow and varied slopes”While it looks like a natural landscape,this park was almost completely constructed,including over 100,000 plantings.It contains some of the most beautiful bridges within the Emerald Necklace,many designed by the successor architectural firm to H

18、enry Hobson Richardson,the famed 19th-century architect and designer of Bostons Trinity Church in Copley Square.Although the Fens was the beginning of Frederick Law Olmsteds park system,this is the first landscape along the linear green ribbon where today we can see the original vision of the design

19、er.T h e R i v e r w a y E s t a b l i s h e d Olmsted Park Established 1891Olmsted Park was designed as“a chain of picturesque fresh-water ponds,alternating with attractive natural groves and meads.”Pathways,bridges,and plantings,designed in tandem,allow the visitor to experience a series of visual

20、 vignettes as scenery changes with every step.To help draw wildlife into the park,Olmsted built two islands in Leverett Pond to provide“well-guarded seclusion”for birds who wished to nest there.Today,people are drawn to the athletic fields,the wildflower meadow,the seclusion of the woodlands,and the

21、 restored Allerton Overlook.O l ms t e d P a r k O l ms t e d P a r k w a s dAn early water source for Boston,this 68-acre“kettlehole”was formed by retreating glaciers.Olmsted was enamored of the ponds“great beauty in reflections and flickering half-lights.Today,the Boathouse at Jamaica Pond provide

22、s facilities for sailing and row boating.Visitors can fish(by permit),and the pond is stocked each year.A beautiful 1.5-mile path around the pond is a favorite of strollers and runners alike.In October,the annual Lantern Festival brings thousands of people,some in full Halloween costume,for a walk a

23、round the pond to create their own“flickering half-lights”.J a ma i c a P o n d E s t a b l i s h e d 1波士顿公园系统课件波士顿公园系统课件波士顿公园系统课件Arnold Arboretum Established 1872This is North Americas first public arboretum and one of the worlds leading centers for the study of plants.A National Historic Landmark,

24、it is owned by the City of Boston and managed by Harvard University under a 1,000-year lease signed in 1882.A unique blend of beloved public landscape and respected research institution,the arboretums 265 acres of rolling land include meadows,forest,and ponds.Its collection of over 15,000 trees,shru

25、bs,and vines is one of the largest and best documented in the world.A r n o l d A r b o r e t u mT h i s i s N o r t h 波士顿公园系统课件波士顿公园系统课件波士顿公园系统课件波士顿公园系统课件Franklin Park Established 1885N e s t l e d a mi d t h e b u s t l e o f a v波士顿公园系统课件波士顿公园系统课件波士顿公园系统课件Like many great works of art,they give particular joy and satisfaction to their owners,the people of Boston.end,but.thank youL i k e ma n y g r e a t w o r k s o f a r t,