新概念第三册第27课(44张)课件.pptx

1、Lesson 27 Nothing to Sell and Nothing to Buy不买也不卖不买也不卖nIt has been said that everyone lives by selling something.n据说每个人都靠出售某种东西来维持生活。据说每个人都靠出售某种东西来维持生活。nIt has been said that=it is said that据说nlive by以为生nIn the light of this statement,teachers live by selling knowledge,philosophers by selling wisdom

2、 and priests by selling spiritual comfort.n根据这种说法，教师靠卖知识为生，根据这种说法，教师靠卖知识为生，哲学家哲学家靠靠卖卖智慧智慧为生，为生，牧师牧师靠卖靠卖精神精神安慰为生。安慰为生。nin the light of=according to,taking into account 依据，按照nphilosophers和priests后面都承前省略了live,为了避免重复。nphilosopher n.哲学家nPhilosophy n.哲学nThe ancient Greek philosophern苏格拉底 Socrates skrti:zn

3、柏拉图 Plato pleitun亚里士多德 Aristotle risttln-Plato is dear to me,but dearer still is truth.n-I love my teacher,but I love truth more.-Aristotlenwisdom n.智慧nPlato is a man of wisdom.n=Plato is a wise man.nwise adj.英明的，明智的n-I made a wise choice.nwisdom teethnThis wisdom that you simply learn from others i

4、s not enough.On the basis of it,you should build your own ideas.npriest n.牧师nthe three major religions of the world:n基督教 Christian krstnn佛教 Buddhism bdzmn伊斯兰教 Islamism izlmizmn天主教 Catholicism klisizmn道教 Taoism tazmn印度教 Hinduism hinduizm Christian Buddhismbdzm Islamismizlmizm Taoism tazm Hinduism hin

5、duizmnspiritual adj.精神上的，非物质的nspiritual life/spiritual need nspirited adj.精神饱满的，生机勃勃的，英勇的na spirited girlnlow-spirited 沮丧的 high-spirited 兴奋的na spirited debate 热烈的辩论npublic-spirited adj.有爱国心的,有公德心的（名词public-spiritedness）nThanks to a group of public-spirited citizens,the Krippendorf garden has been pr

6、eserved.n多谢一群有公德心的市民，克利彭多夫花园才得以维持下去。nThough it may be possible to measure the value of material goods in terms of money,it is extremely difficult to estimate the true value of the services which people perform for us.n虽然物质产品的价值可以用金钱来衡量，但要估虽然物质产品的价值可以用金钱来衡量，但要估算别人为我们为所提供的服务的价值却是极其困算别人为我们为所提供的服务的价值却是极

7、其困难的。难的。nthough引导让步状语从句，交代“先决条件是”nin terms of 从方面说来，按照nThe book offers nothing in terms of a satisfactory conclusion.nIt is the fashion nowadays,for instance,to explain all social unrest in terms of economic conditions.nThere are times when we would willingly give everything we possess to save our l

8、ives,yet we might grudge paying a surgeon a high fee for offering us precisely this service.n有时，我们为了挽救生命，愿意付出我们所有时，我们为了挽救生命，愿意付出我们所占有的一切。但就在占有的一切。但就在外科大夫外科大夫给我们提供了给我们提供了这种服务后，我们却可能为所支付的昂贵的这种服务后，我们却可能为所支付的昂贵的费用而抱怨。费用而抱怨。na high fee 高昂的费用nprecisely adv.精确地；恰恰ngrudge vt.怀恨；吝惜；妒忌；不情愿做nn.怨恨；恶意；妒忌nHe grud

9、ged paying his taxes.他不愿付税金。n-His crude master grudged him even the food he ate.nHe grudged me my salary.他吝于给我薪水。n-He grudged my success.(vt.妒忌，怨恨)nThey grudged him his prize.他们嫉妒他得奖。nsurgeon n.外科大夫nsurgery n.外科手术nThe plastic surgeon undercut the skin of her cheek.n整容外科医生将她的脸皮下部切开。nphysician fzn n.内

10、科医生 ngynecologist,ankldst n.妇科医生npediatrician,pidtrn n.儿科医生 ndentist n.牙科医生nnasal nezl/ear/oral/brain doctorn鼻科/耳科/口腔/脑科医生nThe conditions of society are such that skills have to be paid for in the same way that goods are paid for at a shop.Everyone has something to sell.n社会上的情况就是如此，技术是必须付钱去社会上的情况就是如

11、此，技术是必须付钱去买的，就像在商店里要花钱买商品一样。人买的，就像在商店里要花钱买商品一样。人人都有东西可以出售。人都有东西可以出售。nsuch后面的that引导同位语从句，such是代词。n这个从句中的that引导的是一个定语从句，说明是“什么样的方法”。n动词不定式to sell充当something的后置定语。nTramps seem to be the only exception to this general rule.Beggars almost sell themselves as human beings to arouse the pity of passers-by.n

12、在这条普遍的规律前面，好像只有流浪汉是在这条普遍的规律前面，好像只有流浪汉是个例外，乞丐出售的几乎是他本人，以引起个例外，乞丐出售的几乎是他本人，以引起过过路人路人的怜悯。的怜悯。ntramps n.trmp 流浪汉nto his general rule作证句子的补充状语。nto arouse the pity of passers-by是动词不定式短语，作目的状语，即“出售本人的目的是引起过路人的怜悯”。npasser-by n.过路人（复数passers-by）nlooker-on 旁观者nfather-in-lawn 岳父，公公nmother/son/daughter/brother/

13、sister-in-lawn岳母/婆婆/女婿/儿媳妇/姐夫，妹夫/夫或妻的姐妹nBut real tramps are not beggars.They have nothing to sell and require nothing from others.n但真正的流浪并不是乞丐。他们既不出售任但真正的流浪并不是乞丐。他们既不出售任何东西，也不需要从别人那儿得到任何东西何东西，也不需要从别人那儿得到任何东西.n这句话由but引导，是对上句内容的转折。nto sell作nothing的后置定语。两个简单句由and连接。nIn seeking independence,they do not

14、sacrifice their human dignity.n在追求独立自由的同时，他们并不牺牲为人的在追求独立自由的同时，他们并不牺牲为人的尊严尊严。nin seeking为固定搭配，意思是“在追求的过程中”。nA tramp may ask you for money,but he will never ask you to feel sorry for him.n游浪汉可能会向你讨钱，但他从来不要你可怜他。游浪汉可能会向你讨钱，但他从来不要你可怜他。n这个句子由两个并列的分句构成，两个分句中各含有一个重要短语 ask sb.for sth.(向某人索要某物)，ask sb.to do s

15、th.(要求某人做某事)。ndignity n.尊严，高贵nlose ones dignity 丢面子，失去尊严n-If you are afraid of losing your dignity,you cant expect to learn a foreign language.n-Although she is very poor,she has not lost her dignity.nHe has deliberately chosen to lead the life he leads and is fully aware of the consequences.n他是他是故意

16、故意在选择过那种生活的，并完全清楚以在选择过那种生活的，并完全清楚以这种方式生活的这种方式生活的后果后果。nhe leads作life的定语从句，前面省去了关系代词that。ndeliberately adv.故意地（=on purpose）n-He coughed deliberately/on purpose to attract my attention.nadv.慎重地，深思熟虑地n-He made a decision deliberately.nconsequence n.后果，结果nin consequence 因此，结果n-It rained yesterday and in

17、consequence the match was canceled.nin consequence of 因为.的缘故，由于n-He didnt come to school in consequence of his illness.ntake the consequence of 承担.的责任n-You have to take the consequence of the accident.nHe may never be sure where the next meal is coming from,but he is free from the thousands of anxie

18、ties which afflict other people.n他可能从不知道下顿饭有无着落，但他不像有他可能从不知道下顿饭有无着落，但他不像有人那样被千万桩愁事所人那样被千万桩愁事所折磨折磨。nwhere the next meal is coming from是谓语be sure所指的内容，即宾语从句。nwhich引导定语从句，修饰anxieties,指“的烦心事”。nbe free from 不受.的影响，后面常接pain,trouble,danger.nafflict v.使苦恼，折磨nbe afflicted with 受.折磨n-He is afflicted with a di

19、sease.nShe is afflicted with a conscience 她受良心的责备。naffliction n.痛苦，苦恼nThe thought that this person is the only one for me is the root of the affliction.n那种认为“这个人是我的唯一”的想法是痛苦的根源。nHis few material possession make it possible for him to move from place to place with ease.n他几乎没有什么财产，这使他能够他几乎没有什么财产，这使他能够

20、轻松自如轻松自如地在各地奔波。地在各地奔波。nit是形式宾语，真正的宾语是to move from place to place with ease。nwith ease相当于easily。nease n.容易nwith ease 熟练地，轻而易举地（=easily）n-He finished the task with ease。nat ease 安逸，自由自在n-He is quite at ease in public.nbe/feel ill at ease 局促不安，心神不宁n-I always feel ill at ease in a strange environment.nB

21、y having to sleep in the open,he gets far closer to the world of nature than most of us ever do.n由于被迫在露天睡觉，他比我们中许多人都离由于被迫在露天睡觉，他比我们中许多人都离大自然大自然近得多。近得多。nby having to sleep in the open是介词短语，作原因状语，意即“由于不得不露宿”。nget close to的意思是“接近”。get far closer tothan的意思是“比接近得多”。do代替get close to the world of nature。nn

22、ature n.大自然nnature reserve 自然保护区n n.本性nhuman nature 人性，人类本性n-Caring animals is human nature.nHe may hunt,beg,or steal occasionally to keep himself alive;he may even in times of real need,do a little work;but he will never sacrifice his freedom.n为了生存，他可能会去打猎、乞讨，偶尔偷上为了生存，他可能会去打猎、乞讨，偶尔偷上一两回；确实需要的时候，他甚至

23、可能干一点一两回；确实需要的时候，他甚至可能干一点儿活，但他决不会牺牲自由。儿活，但他决不会牺牲自由。nin times of 在的时候n句中两个分号表明这两个简单句均为并列关系。nWe often speak of tramps with contempt and put them in the same class as beggars,but how many of us can honestly say that we have not felt a little envious of their simple way of life and their freedom from ca

24、re?n说起流浪汉，我们常常带有说起流浪汉，我们常常带有轻蔑轻蔑并把他们与乞丐并把他们与乞丐归为一类。但是，我们中有多少人能够坦率地说归为一类。但是，我们中有多少人能够坦率地说我们对流浪汉的简朴生活与无忧无虑的境况不感我们对流浪汉的简朴生活与无忧无虑的境况不感到有些到有些羡慕羡慕呢？呢？nas beggars是class的定语。这里的as是关系代词，意思是“他们和乞丐归为同一类”。their freedom from care的意思是“他们的无忧无虑”，freedom from care相当于free from care,只是由于句子结构和对词性的要求而把free改为freedom。ncont

25、empt n.蔑视nhold sb.in contempt n=look down upon sb.鄙视某人nI hold him in contempt because he has nothing to do every day.nin contempt of不顾；不把放在眼里；藐视nHe went abroad in contempt of his fathers objection.ncontemptible adj.可鄙的，可轻视的，不齿的nHe is a contemptible person.nYou can tell he is a rude and contemptible

26、man by the content of his hostile comments.n从他充满仇意的言语内容中，大家不难看出他是个粗野可鄙的人。nenvious adj.羡慕的，嫉妒的nbe envious of nI am envious of your success.njealous dls adj.妒忌的，吃醋的，羡慕的nHe is jealous of our success.nenvious 羡慕njealous 嫉妒，含贬义nenvious，jealous and hatefulComprehension questionsn1.It has been said everyon

27、e lives by doing what?nBy selling something.n2.What do teachers live by selling?nKnowledge.n3.Who live by selling wisdom?nPhilosophers.n4.And what about the priests?nThey live by selling spiritual comforts.n5.How difficult is it to estimate the true value of services that people perform?nExtremely d

28、ifficult.n6.Would most of us willingly give up everything we possess to save our lives?nYes,we would.n7.But who might we grudge paying?nA surgeon.n8.What has to be paid for in the same way that goods are paid for?nSkills.n9.Tramps seem to be an exception to the rule.What is the rule?nEveryone has so

29、mething to sell.n10.What do beggars almost do?nSell themselves.n11.Are real tramps beggars?nNo,they arent.n12.What have they got to sell?nNothing.nAnd what do they require from others?nNothing.n13.There is something tramps do not sacrifice.What is it?nTheir human dignity.n14.Will a tramp ask you to

30、feel sorry for him?nNo,he wont.n15.Is a tramp sure where the next meal is coming from?nNo,he isnt.n16.But what is he free from?nThe thousands of anxieties which afflict other people.n17.Why can he move from place to place with ease?nBecause he has few material possessions.n18.How does he get closer

31、to nature than most of us do?nBy having to sleep in the open.n19.What will a tramp never sacrifice?nHis freedom.n20.How do we often speak of tramps?nWith contempt.n21.How do we compare them with beggars?nWe put them in the same class.n22.How do many of us feel about tramps simple way of life and their freedom from care?n We are envious of it.