2022新人教版（2019）《高中英语》必修第一册语法填空技巧点拨（ppt课件）.ppt

1、 语法填空题型解读英语语法填空是在篇章层面上考查英语语言基础知识运用能力的一种题型,是阅读理解和知识运用能力有机结合的测试形式。该题型既要求学生具有良好的阅读理解能力,又要具备扎实的英语基本功。Practice and observe The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland.While they are rare north of 88,there is evidence 61 they range all the way across

2、the Arctic,and as far south as James Bay in Canada.It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been 62 (poor)studied;however,biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.Modem methods 63 tracking polar bear populations ha

3、ve been employed only since the mid-1980s,and are expensive 64 (perform)consistently over a large area.In recent years some Inuit people in Nunayut 65 (report)increases in bear sightings around human settlements,leading to a 66 (believe)that populations are increasing.Scientists have responded by 67

4、 (note)that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集)around human settlements,leading to the illusion(错觉)that populations are 68 (high)than they actually are.Of 69 nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations,three are declining,six 70 (be)stable,one is increasing,and nine lack enough data.（2019年全国卷）tha

5、tpoorlyof/forto performhave reportedbeliefnotinghighertheareFinding 1:题型设置1.1.通常语法填空题有提示词的通常语法填空题有提示词的以以_个个空空居多居多,主要考查主要考查实词（实词（content words)；2.2.没有提示词的没有提示词的大多大多设有设有_空，空，主要主要考查考查虚词（虚词（function words)73Observe and findWhile they are rare north of 88,there is evidence 61 they range all the way acros

6、s the Arctic,and as far south as James Bay in Canada.Modem methods 63 tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s.Of 69 nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations,three are declining,six are.(2019年全国卷)thatof/fortheObserve and find We were first greeted with the bar

7、king by a pack 63 dogs，seven to be exact.They were well trained by their masters 64 had great experience with caring for these animals.I work not because I have to,67 because I want to.”(2019年全国卷III)Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 66 showed a mere five to 10 minu

8、tes A day of running reduced.(2018年全国卷)ofwhowhich/thatbutFinding 2:考点 主要考查主要考查虚词（虚词（function words)每空填写每空填写_ 个单词，个单词，以以_、_、和、和_词为主词为主.1冠词介词连接考考什什么么？考点一：冠词Before_ grand military parade at the Tiananmen Square,Chinese President Xi Jinping inspected the armed forces in _ open-roof Red Flag limo(豪华轿车)on

9、 Tuesday.Three Red Flag limos drove eastward along Changan Avenue(长安街)during the inspection of the armed forces.However,some shrp-eyed netizens spotted _ special detail on two of the vehicleslicense plates(车牌照).In _ word,the phrase“License plates numbers of the limousines are 1949 and 2019”has been

10、read more than 440 million times on Sino Weibo Since first being seen this nmorning.theanaa冠词方法点拨：冠词方法点拨：1._1._前面，如果没有限定词（前面，如果没有限定词（冠词、形容词性冠词、形容词性 物主代词、不定代词物主代词、不定代词），则很有可能是填），则很有可能是填冠词冠词.2.2.如果表示泛指，意为如果表示泛指，意为“一个一个”，“又一个又一个”，或或“每一每一”时，用冠词时，用冠词_;_;3.3.如果表示特指，意为如果表示特指，意为“这个这个，那个那个”或者表示或者表示 最高级最高级时，用

11、冠词时，用冠词_;_;4.4.同时，也要注意如同时，也要注意如 as a matter of fact等这样的等这样的 冠词的冠词的_。a/an名词名词the固定搭配固定搭配冠词的常见固定搭配冠词的常见固定搭配all of a sudden in the middleofin a word to tell the truthin a hury at the same timeas a result by the wayput an end to make the most ofmake a difference one.the otherfor a while in the distanceh

12、ave a good time in the end Practice11.Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for_ while,or doing something you enjoy.2.Brain is gifted in writing music;he is very likely to be _ Beethoven.3.I used to be _ overweight girl,weighing 70kg in junior high.4.Life is like an ocean;only _ strong

13、-willed can reach the other shore.5.By _ time they remember to eat,they seem extremely hungry and eat quickly.6.As we all know,its one of _ nicest parks in the country.aaanthethethe考点二：介词Chinese moviegoers set a box office(票房)record for the eve of the weeklong National Day holiday _ Monday,with taki

14、ng more than twice of the previous record,according _ several industry trackers.By 9:30pm,films released on Monday had raked in(迅速获得)630 million yuan,shattering the previous Sept 30 record of 280 million yuan for the whole day _ China in 2017.The major blockbusters(大片)contributing _ the box office r

15、ecord were three new releases-My People,My Country,The Captain,The Climbers-which all opened simultaneously on Monday.toinonto介词方法点拨：介词方法点拨：空格后面是空格后面是_,_,不是充当不是充当主语、表语也不是充当动词的宾语时，空格处主语、表语也不是充当动词的宾语时，空格处应该填应该填介词介词。名词、动名词或代词名词、动名词或代词如何攻破介词难关？如何攻破介词难关？介词的固有属性介词的固有属性介词的固定搭配介词的固定搭配1.1.介词的固有属性：介词的固有属性：类别例

16、词时间介词at(在),about(大约),after(在.之后),before(在.之前),by(到.为止),during(在.期间),from(从),for(.时间段),in(在),on(在),until(直到.为止),since(自从)地点介词among(在.之间),at(在),below(在.下方),behind(在.后面),beside(在.旁边),between(在.之间),by(在),from(从),into(到.里),near(在.附近),onto(到.之上),off(离开),on(在.上面),towards(朝.),through(穿过),throughout(遍及),to(到

17、),up(向上),under(在.下面),within(在.里),above(在.上方)原因介词because of(由于),for(因为),at(因为),with(因为)条件介词but for(要不是),considering(鉴于),in case of(万一)比较介词as(像),like(像),over(超过),to(与.相比)其他介词about(关于),on(关于),of(具有),with(带有),without(没有),except(除.以外),besides(除.以外),instead of(代替),but(除.以外)介词的意义用法介词的意义用法1.He succeeded _ h

18、is wildest dreams.2.Chengyang Wind and Rain Bridge(广西程阳风雨桥）was built _ any nails;instead,people used many pieces of wood.3.That night,I heard the rain beating _ the window.4.The little match girl earned her living _ selling matches.5._ a family of eight to support,the man could not enjoy himself wit

19、h ice cream.against without beyond by With 2.2.积累介词的常见搭配：积累介词的常见搭配：with the help of concentrate on at present be of importancejudge from/by look forward toby accident come up withresult in 导致 make fun ofon foot be curious aboutfor one thing give up放弃as a matter of fact remind sb of sthin memory of a

20、sk forout of control apply to sb for sth Why do I want to go to college?Many times I have asked myself this question.I have come up _ a whole variety of reasons.The most important reason is that I want to be a better man.Education makes a big difference _ human beings.Good colleges and universities

21、can provide me _all-around education.I know one can get educated in many ways,but colleges and universities are _ the best places to teach me how to educate myself.Only when I am well-educated will I become a better man and will better fit _ the society.within to withPractice2among考点三：连词 _the new Ch

22、ina was founded,every October 1st has been celebrated by Chinese people.There will be a variety of grand ceremonies and activities in China during National Day,like flag-raising ceremonies _ releasing dove of peace.Whats more,the China National Day military parade _ starts at 10:00 in the morning on

23、 October 1st is one of the most exciting parts._ attracts me most is the fantastic fireworks held nationwide in all cities.By the way,_one loves shopping,National Day holiday is a great time,_many shopping malls offer big discounts during the holiday.Chinese National Day holiday is a golden time _ p

24、eople head for different regions and tourist attractions to enjoy the great rivers and mountains of China.SinceandwhichWhatifbecausewhen连词方法点拨连词方法点拨连连词词并列连词并列连词（and,but,or)从属连词从属连词(what,which,how,when,because.)连词方法点拨连词方法点拨1 1：若若两个或几个单词或短语之间两个或几个单词或短语之间没有连词，没有连词，可能是填可能是填_、_ 或或_ 这样这样的连词。的连词。In much of

25、 Asia，especially the so-called“rice bowl”cultures of China,Japan,Korea,_ Vietnam,food is usually eaten with Chopsticks.andand butor 连接词方法点拨连接词方法点拨2 2：若若_（一个主谓关系算一个句子）（一个主谓关系算一个句子）之间没有之间没有连词连词，也没有，也没有分号分号或或句号句号，并且形式为，并且形式为“_“_完完整句整句,完整句。完整句。”时，必填从属连词。时，必填从属连词。1.you are ill,I will go alone.2.the Inter

26、net is of great help,I still dont suggest spending too much time on it.3._ I want to do in the future is to be a teacher.IfAlthough/Though/While两句两句What从属连词，引导条件状语从句从属连词，引导条件状语从句从属连词，引导让步状语从句从属连词，引导让步状语从句从属连词，引导主语从句从属连词，引导主语从句连接词方法点拨连接词方法点拨3 3：若若_（一个主谓关系算一个句子）（一个主谓关系算一个句子）之间没之间没有连词有连词，也没有，也没有分号分号或或句

27、号句号，并且形式为，并且形式为“完完整句，整句，完整句。完整句。”时，先考虑并列连词时，先考虑并列连词，再考虑从属连词。，再考虑从属连词。1.Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius(孔子）,_ lived from roughly 551to 479BC,influenced the development of chopsticks.2.There were many people waiting at the bus stop,_ some of them looked very anxious.whoand两句

28、两句记忆口诀：记忆口诀：语法连词真有趣，语法连词真有趣，首先要把并列记；首先要把并列记；and、but一定提，一定提，otherwise不能弃。不能弃。并列连词不合适，并列连词不合适，从属连词跑来替；从属连词跑来替；时状三个要牢记，时状三个要牢记，when while as当时候，当时候，before在前在前after后，后，until知道也要有。知道也要有。如果（如果（if）不行除非上，）不行除非上，条件状语不能忘。条件状语不能忘。因为所以有很多，因为所以有很多，随便一个随便一个往往上放。上放。尽管不能连但是，尽管不能连但是，as必须要倒装。必须要倒装。熟记这些常用词，熟记这些常用词，语法高

29、分等你创。语法高分等你创。如何判断从句类型？如何判断从句类型？空格前是空格前是名词名词定语从句定语从句同位语从句同位语从句主语从句主语从句状语从句状语从句宾语从句宾语从句表语从句表语从句空格前是空格前是及物动词及物动词空格前是空格前是系动词系动词空格位于空格位于句首句首名名词词性性从从句句连词方法点拨总结：连词方法点拨总结：无提示词无提示词两套主谓结构两套主谓结构两套并列成分两套并列成分(句子或词句子或词)从属从属连词连词1.从句类型（名从，定从，状从）2.成分（主/宾/表/定/状）3.意义并列并列连词连词逻辑关系顺承:and转折:but/otherwise/or选择:orMymotherin

30、sisted 1 everyoneinherlifetreatherwithrespect.2 shewasntwealthy 3 welleducated,mymothernotonlyunderstoodandappreciatedhervalue,4 believed initstrongly._5_ shelearnedmyfatherwascheatingonher,sheinsisted thathemoveoutofourhome.Notthenextdayorthenextweek.Tome,asachild,_6_sherefusedtotakemyfatherbacksee

31、medharsh,evencruel.Asawoman,_7_,Ihavecometounderstandit.Formymother,puttingDaddyoutofthehouse_8_herlifewasnt about pride;it was about principle.The one had always lived by,the one _9_ she believed in with all her heart.No one was going to love and respect you _10_ you loved and respected yourself.Pr

32、actice 3thatAlthough/Though/WhileorbutWhenthathoweverandwho/whomunless1.A few hours _,I had been at home in Hongkong,with its choking smog.(2015年全国卷)2.Then the driver stood up and asked,“_anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop?”(2014年全国卷II)3.If you are time poor,you need run for only half the time

33、to get the same benefits as other sports,so perhaps we should all give a try.(2018年全国卷)Observe and findearlier/beforeDiditFinding 3：无提示词除了主要考查冠词、介词和无提示词除了主要考查冠词、介词和连接词外，有时候也会考查连接词外，有时候也会考查_、_、或、或_等。等。副词副词代词代词助动词助动词/情态动词情态动词代词方法点拨：代词方法点拨：1.1.主要考查主要考查人称代词人称代词，不定代词不定代词，连接代词连接代词，指示代词指示代词等。等。2.2.缺少主语或者宾语

34、的空格一定填缺少主语或者宾语的空格一定填代词代词，当主语和宾语是同，当主语和宾语是同一人称时，宾语应当用一人称时，宾语应当用宾格宾格。3.3.当动作发出者和承受者为同一人或物，则使用当动作发出者和承受者为同一人或物，则使用反身代词反身代词。4.4.易考点易考点it解读解读：形式主语形式主语It is+adj.+(for/of sb)to do sth/doing/that.形式宾语形式宾语make/find/.+it+adj./n.+to do sth 固定固定句型句型 It is the first time that 从句从句 It was the first time that 从句从句

35、 It is(high/about)time that 强调句：强调句：It is/was.that.1.We couldnt believe our ears when Mr.Zhang told that English is widely used because its grammar is easy.2.was only after I heard she become sick that I learned she couldnt eat MSG.3.He told us that he enjoyed _ on the school trip.4.Dating sites als

36、o makes easy to avoid someone who you are not interested in.5.Other young people who have struck it rich include Jackie Coogan and Shirley Temple._ of these child actors made over a million dollars.6.Some of these writers are doctors,_ are lawyers or educators.Practice 4usItithimselfbothothers助动词助动词

37、/情态动词情态动词方法点拨：方法点拨：若结构较完整，空格后的若结构较完整，空格后的谓语谓语动词是动词是原形原形，特别是与上下，特别是与上下文文时态不一致时态不一致或或主谓不一致主谓不一致时，很可能是填时，很可能是填情态动词情态动词或表或表示强调或倒装的示强调或倒装的助动词助动词(do，does，did等等)。1.Only in this way _ we succeed.2.He _ love Ruhua.3.He had no time or energy to play with his children or talk with his wife,but he _ bring home

38、a regular salary.Practice 4candoesdidSummary 无提无提示词示词介词介词1.固有属性 2.固定搭配连词连词1.并列连词：and/but/or/so2.从属连词：what/who/which/that/when/where/if/though冠词冠词1.“冠(形)名”2.固定搭配代词代词易考点：1.it:形式主语，形式宾语，强调句型，代词（指代单词或不可数名词）并可指天气，时间2.不定代词：both，another,some,others,any，all,either,neither等语法填空03/2020 Thanks for your listening!