专升本强调句课件.ppt

1、强强 调调 结结 构构定义定义 在句子当中，有时为了突出句子在句子当中，有时为了突出句子的某些成分以加强语气，增强感情的某些成分以加强语气，增强感情色彩或者加强对比，需要改变句子色彩或者加强对比，需要改变句子结构，这种结构叫强调结构结构，这种结构叫强调结构(Emphatic Structure)。Who is making so much noise in the garden?the children.A.It is B.They are C.That is D.There are(回答为强调句型在具体语境中的省略回答为强调句型在具体语境中的省略,其完其完整形式应是整形式应是：It is t

2、he children who/that are making so much noise in the garden.不能用不能用They are.)Warming Up1.Do(does/did)+动词原形动词原形 这种结构用来强调这种结构用来强调谓语动词谓语动词。往往。往往只用于只用于“一般现在时和过去时一般现在时和过去时”的的肯定肯定陈述句陈述句或者肯定结构的或者肯定结构的祈使句祈使句。1)He does know the place well.2)他他的确的确很熟悉这个地方。很熟悉这个地方。3)2)They do hope to go to college.4)他们他们真的真的很想上

3、大学。很想上大学。5)3)She did come yesterday.6)昨天她昨天她确实确实来过。来过。1.Do(does/did)+动词原形动词原形用于肯定结构的用于肯定结构的祈使句祈使句4)Do come and visit us.你一定来看我们。你一定来看我们。5)Do shut up 你闭嘴你闭嘴6)Do be careful.务必小心。务必小心。注注 意意1)陈述句中用陈述句中用do(does/did),只强调只强调行为动词行为动词,不适用于不适用于“be”,如如:He is silly.He does be silly.He is silly indeed.2)祈使句中强调动词

4、祈使句中强调动词(包括包括“be动词动词”和和“行为动词行为动词”)Do,不用不用Does/Did.Dont be afraid of making mistake.2.用形容词用形容词very,only,single,such等等修饰名词或形容词来加强语气：修饰名词或形容词来加强语气：1)Thats the very textbook we used 2)last term这正是我们上学期用过的教材。这正是我们上学期用过的教材。2)You are the only person here who can speak Chinese 你是这里仅有说汉语的人。你是这里仅有说汉语的人。3)Not

5、a single person has been in the shop this morning 今天上午这个商店里连一个人都没有。今天上午这个商店里连一个人都没有。3.用用ever,never,very,just等副词和等副词和badly,highly,really等带有等带有ly的副词来进行强调：的副词来进行强调：1)Why ever did you do so？2)你究竟为什么要这么做？你究竟为什么要这么做？2)He never said a word the whole day 一整天一整天,他一句话也没说。他一句话也没说。3)This is just what I wanted 这

6、正是我所要的。这正是我所要的。4)I really dont know what to do next 我的确不知道下一步该怎么做。我的确不知道下一步该怎么做。4.用用in the world,on earth,at all等介词等介词短语可以表达更强的语气短语可以表达更强的语气(常用于疑问句常用于疑问句)：1)Where in the world could he 2)be？他到底会在哪儿？他到底会在哪儿？2)What on earth is it？它究竟是什么？它究竟是什么？3)Do you know at all？你到底知不知道？你到底知不知道？二二.“It is(was)+被强调部分被

7、强调部分+that (who).”的强调结构的强调结构 当我们要强调句子的某一部分当我们要强调句子的某一部分(一般一般是主语是主语,宾语宾语,状语状语)时时,常用常用“It is(was)+that(who)+句子的其余部句子的其余部分分”这种结构。这种结构。被强调的成分可以是被强调的成分可以是主语主语、宾语宾语和和状状语语,但不能是谓语但不能是谓语 强调部分是人时强调部分是人时,用用who或或that;强调部分是其他成分时强调部分是其他成分时,用用that“It is(was)+被强调部分被强调部分+that (who).”的强调结构的强调结构 以以He met an old friend

8、in the park yesterday.为例为例:1)It was he who/that met an old friend in the park yesterday.2)It was an old friend that/who he met in the park yesterday.强调主语强调主语强调宾语强调宾语“It is(was)+that(who).”强调结构3)It was in the park that he met an old friend yesterday.4)It was yesterday that he met an old friend in he

9、park.强调地点状语强调地点状语强调时间状语强调时间状语PracticeTom bought a walkman from a store yesterday.强调主语强调主语Tom:It was Tom who/that bought a walkman from a store yesterday.强调宾语强调宾语walkman:It was a walkman that Tom bought from a store yesterday.Practice Tom bought a walkman from a store yesterday.强调地点状语强调地点状语from a sto

10、re:It was from a store that Tom bought a walkman yesterday.强调时间状语强调时间状语yesterday:It was yesterday that Tom bought a walkman from a store.1.当被强调部分指当被强调部分指人人时时,用用that/who(做做宾语时可用宾语时可用whom)；指；指物物或或既有人又既有人又有物有物时只用时只用that;It was Tom I met last week.It is a new book his brother wants to buy.who/that/whomt

11、hat 温温 馨馨 提提 示示2.强调状语强调状语,用用that,不用不用 when/where/whyIt is at 5 oclock the train will arrive.It was in the park I saw Kate last week.that(不用不用where)温温 馨馨 提提 示示that(不用不用when)温温 馨馨 提提 示示 被强调部分如果是被强调部分如果是原因状语从句原因状语从句,只能由只能由because引导引导,不能由不能由since/as/why引导引导:It was since that he didnt come to school yest

12、erday.It was because he was ill that he didnt come to school yesterday.3.强调句在强调强调句在强调主语主语时时,that/who后后的动词应和主语在人称和数上保持的动词应和主语在人称和数上保持一致一致.It is he who _ late.A.am B.is C.are D.beIt is they that _ late.A.am B.is C.are D.beBC温温 馨馨 提提 示示4.强调主语用人称代词主格强调主语用人称代词主格;强调宾强调宾语用宾格语用宾格.It is _who are your best fr

13、iends.A.we B.us C.our D.ours .It was _ that they visited.A.we B.us C.our D.ours AB温温 馨馨 提提 示示 Is it _ who wants to see you?A.him B.he C.his D.himselfIt was _ who respected all their teachers.A.them B.their C.they D.themselvesCBWarming UpIt was 3 oclock _ we reached the village.A.that B.which C.when

14、D.whileB.我们到达那个山村我们到达那个山村,时间是三点。时间是三点。It was at 3 oclock that we reached the village.C.Warming Up It was at the theatre _ Lincoln was murdered.A.which B.that C.where D.the oneIt was the theatre _ Lincoln was murdered.A.which B.that C.where D.the oneCB强调句的判断强调句的判断 去掉强调结构去掉强调结构It is(was)that(who)后后,剩下

15、的词仍能剩下的词仍能组成一个完组成一个完整的句子整的句子。这是判断是不是强调句型的。这是判断是不是强调句型的关键关键 1.It is strange that he didnt e yesterday.2.It is you and Tom that didnt come yesterday.试试 判判 断断It is he who/that often helps me with my English.It is on the hillside that we plant trees every year.It was because of bad weather that the foot

16、ball match had to be put off.试试 判判 断断 It was 2 oclock when we came back 我们回来时是九点钟。我们回来时是九点钟。It was 3 hours since we had come back 我们回来已三个小时了我们回来已三个小时了.两种句式变化两种句式变化1.一般疑问形式一般疑问形式:Is(was)it+强调部分强调部分+that?He will leave for Xian at 7:00.It is at 7:00 that he will leave for Xian.Is it at 7:00 that he wil

17、l leave for Xian?两种句式变化两种句式变化2.特殊疑问句形式特殊疑问句形式:特殊疑问词特殊疑问词+is/was it that？(who/whom/when/where)It is determination that has made Peter success.What is it that has made Peter success?对对notuntil句型的强调句句型的强调句It is/was until+被强调部分被强调部分+that+延续动词延续动词It is/was not until+被强调部分被强调部分+that+短暂动词短暂动词 He didnt go t

18、o bed until ten o clock.It was not until ten o clock that he went to bed.对对notuntil句型的强调句句型的强调句用强调句型对用强调句型对I didnt knew the result until he came back.中的划中的划线部分进行强调线部分进行强调,则变成：则变成：It was not until he came back that I knew the result.注意注意:此种情况下否定词此种情况下否定词not要从原题要从原题的的主句主句上转移到被强调的上转移到被强调的从句从句上上,这也这也是否定

19、转移的一种形式。是否定转移的一种形式。It was until last year that he_.A.left school for a new startB.came to realize the importance of learning EnglishC.worked as an English teacher at a middle schoolD.set out to build a new house of his own 本题不含否定词本题不含否定词not,四个选项中只有四个选项中只有C项项中的动词中的动词work为延续性动词为延续性动词,答案答案C。It _ we had

20、 stayed together for a couple of weeks _I found we had a lot in common.A.was until;when B.was until;that C.was not until;when D.was not until;thatnotuntil句型句型D四类复杂化结构四类复杂化结构1.与宾语从句结合与宾语从句结合 David said that it was because of his strong interest in literature _ he chose the course.A.that B.what C.why

21、D.how(A.强调句型强调句型,It is.that.作作said的宾语从的宾语从句句,其中强调成分为原因状语其中强调成分为原因状语)四类复杂化结构四类复杂化结构2.与主语从句结合与主语从句结合 It is what you do rather than what you say_matters.A.that B.what C.which D.this解析：解析：A.重要的是你所做的重要的是你所做的,而不是你所说而不是你所说的。（主语从句为所强调的成分）的。（主语从句为所强调的成分）.四类复杂化结构四类复杂化结构3.与同位语语从句结合与同位语语从句结合 It was at the very

22、beginning _ Mr.Fox made a decision _ we should send for a doctor.A what,that B that,which C which,that D that,that D.强调句式中连接词强调句式中连接词that后有一个同位语后有一个同位语从句从句,它对它对decision作解释说明。连结词作解释说明。连结词在同位语从句中不做成分只起连接作用在同位语从句中不做成分只起连接作用,故故应为应为that.四类复杂化结构四类复杂化结构4.与定语从句结合与定语从句结合 Was it in the village _ we used to li

23、ve in _ the accident happened?A.where,that B.which;that C.that;where D.where;which A三：修辞手段三：修辞手段1.用用重复重复来表示强调：来表示强调：Why！why！The cage is empty！啊！啊！箱子是空的。啊！啊！箱子是空的。They walked for miles and miles 他们走了好多英里他们走了好多英里。三：修辞手段三：修辞手段2.用用感叹句感叹句来表示强烈的感情来表示强烈的感情,突出说突出说话人的情感：话人的情感：How interesting a story it is！这是

24、一个多么有趣的故事啊！这是一个多么有趣的故事啊！Oh,what a lie！啊！啊,真是弥天大谎！真是弥天大谎！What a beautiful picture it is(that)you have drawn!你画了多漂亮的一幅画呀！你画了多漂亮的一幅画呀！三：修辞手段三：修辞手段3.用倒装句用倒装句(也就是将要强调的句子或被也就是将要强调的句子或被强调的部分置于句首强调的部分置于句首)来加强语气：来加强语气：On the table were some flowers桌上摆着一些花。桌上摆着一些花。(强调地点强调地点)Many a time have I climbed that hil

25、l我多次翻过那座山。我多次翻过那座山。Only in this way,can we solve this problem只有这样只有这样,我们才能解决这个问题。我们才能解决这个问题。小小 结结在和时间状语从句连用时应和以下句式区别在和时间状语从句连用时应和以下句式区别,它们中的连接词不能用它们中的连接词不能用that1)It be+时间段时间段+since.句型句型 since和和延续性动词延续性动词连用意为连用意为“某人某人不做不做某某事已有多久事已有多久”(行为的终止行为的终止)和和短暂性动词连用短暂性动词连用则表示则表示“某人某人做做某事已有某事已有多久多久”(行为动作的开始行为动作的

26、开始)Its three years since we met last time.Its two years since he smoked.自从我们上次相见已有自从我们上次相见已有3 3年了年了。他戒烟有他戒烟有2 2年了。年了。2)It be+时间时间+when.句型。句型。when引导的为时间状语从句引导的为时间状语从句,表表“某事发生时某事发生时正是正是时候时候”。注意时间词语前注意时间词语前无介词无介词,主从主从句时态一般应是一致的。句时态一般应是一致的。It was midnight when he got home yesterday.昨天他到家的时候已是半夜。昨天他到家的时候

27、已是半夜。(when引导的为引导的为时间状语从句时间状语从句,it为代词为代词,指时间指时间.)比较：比较：It was at midnight that he got home yesterday.他昨天是半夜到家的。他昨天是半夜到家的。(本句为强本句为强调句调句,强调强调at midnight,去掉去掉it was及及that 句子句子结构仍完整结构仍完整.)3)It was/will(not)+时间段时间段+before.肯定句中表肯定句中表“过了过了之后某事才发生之后某事才发生”；否定句中意为否定句中意为“不久就不久就”。It was some time before we reali

28、zed the truth.It wont be long before we know the result of the experiment.好久之后我们才了解到真相。好久之后我们才了解到真相。不久我们就会知道试验的结果。不久我们就会知道试验的结果。(1)It was three hours ago _ he (2)left here.(2)It was three oclock _ he left here.(3)It is three hours _ he left here.(4)It wasnt long_ he left here.解题法：删除法解题法：删除法 缺什么用什么缺什么用什么 用用that,before,when,since完成句子完成句子(答案答案:that,强调句型强调句型)(答案答案:when,时间状语从句时间状语从句)(答案答案:since,时间状语从句时间状语从句)(答案答案:before,时间状语从句时间状语从句)