定语从句的判断及基本用法-课件.pptx

1、1Sentence pattern 英语句式可分为三类：简单句(Simple sentence)，并列句(Compound sentence)和复合句(Complex sentence)2 当一个句子只包含一个主谓结构时称为简单句。含有两个或两个以上独立分句的句子叫并列句，这些独立分句处于平等的、互不依从的并列地位。3 复合句是一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成。主句是全句的主体，通常可以独立存在；从句则是一个句子成分，不能独立存在。但是从句也有主语和谓语部分。所不同在于，从句须由一个关联词引导，起到联系从句和主句的作用。4Which sentence pattern is it?She wa

2、s an author and she wrote this great book.She was an author.She wrote this great book.She was the author who wrote this great book.并列句并列句简单句简单句复合句复合句5How to distinguish an attributive clause?67She was the person who wrote this great book.先行词先行词关系词关系词主句主句定语从句定语从句在主从复合句中起在主从复合句中起定语定语作用，作用，修饰修饰句中的句中的名词

3、名词或代词或代词的的从句从句称为称为定语从句定语从句，被修饰的名词或，被修饰的名词或代词代词称为先行词称为先行词(the antecedent)。引导定语从。引导定语从句的词叫关系词句的词叫关系词(the guide word)。8Step 1：找谓语动词 My ambition is to work for a firm that develops computer software.9Step 2:判断句式 判断句子是简单句(只有一个主谓结构)，并列句(由并列连词and,but,or等连接)还是复合句(由从属连词引导)My ambition is to work for a firm th

4、at develops computer software.复合句复合句that10Step 3：找从句及主句 从句也有主语和谓语部分，从句须由一个关联词引导，起到联系从句和主句的作用。关联词之后的主谓结构与关联词构成从句。My ambition is to work for a firm that develops computer software.从句从句that develops computer software 11Step 4：判断从句类型 根据从句在句子中充当的成分来判断从句类型。My ambition is to work for a firm that develops c

5、omputer software.名词充当先行词名词充当先行词that develops computer software 定语从句定语从句12 Professor Smith who has returned from Harvard University will give a lecture on British literature in the lecture hall tomorrow.This is the biggest change that I have experienced so far.The novel that you lent me last week is

6、really interesting and touching.whofrom Harvard University who has returned that that I have experienced so farthat that you lent me last week 13141.The breakthrough came after 40 years of research by Professor Geoff Raisman,who found that cells had the possibility to repair damage to nasal(鼻腔的)nerv

7、es,the only part of the nervous system that constantly re-grows.2.“The idea was to take something from an area where the nervous system can repair itself,and does so throughout life,and put it into an area that doesnt repair itself,”,Professor Raisman said.15 The breakthrough came after 40 years of

8、research by Professor Geoff Raisman,who found that cells had the possibility to repair damage to nasal(鼻腔的)nerves,the only part of the nervous system that constantly re-grows.who found that cells had the possibility to repair damage to nasal(鼻腔的鼻腔的)nervesthat constantly re-grows非限定性定语从句，关系词在从句中作主语限定

9、性定语从句，关系词在从句中作主语16 “The idea was to take something from an area where the nervous system can repair itself,and does so throughout life,and put it into an area that doesnt repair itself,”,Professor Raisman said.where the nervous system can repair itselfthat doesnt repair itself限定性定语从句，关系词在从句中作状语限定性定语

10、从句，关系词在从句中作主语17定语从句的考察定语从句的考察 考察形式 阅读中长难句分析阅读中长难句分析 语法语法填空填空 短文短文改错改错 书面表达书面表达 考点 从句判断从句判断 关系词关系词 主谓一致主谓一致18判断方法判断方法关系词关系词关系词只用关系词只用which关系词只用关系词只用who关系词只用关系词只用that关系副词在从句中作状语关系副词在从句中作状语19判断方法判断方法关系词关系词关系代词关系代词关系副词关系副词关系词只关系词只用用which关系词只关系词只用用who关系词只关系词只用用that关系副词关系副词在从句中在从句中作状语作状语找找从句从句(缺成分缺成分)，前有名

11、词或代词，前有名词或代词which,that,who,whom,as,whosewhen,where,whywhywherewhen先行词为时间名词，表时间先行词为时间名词，表时间先行词为先行词为reason，表原因，表原因先行词为先行词为(抽象化抽象化)地点名词，表地点地点名词，表地点the only,the very;the same,no,any;两两项并列人与项并列人与物物;不定不定、序数、最高级、序数、最高级在非限定性定语从句在非限定性定语从句中先行词中先行词“非人非人”;当从句当从句中谓语动词中谓语动词短语中的介词提前时短语中的介词提前时先行词是先行词是one,ones,anyon

12、e,those等等时时;在非限定性定语从句中，先行词指人时在非限定性定语从句中，先行词指人时20I just read a book called TechnoStress,1._ was written by Dr.Michelle M.Weil.Her co-author was Dr.Larry D.Rosen,2._is her husband and also a psychologist.According to the authors,everybody feels stressed about technology.Our cell phones,3._we buy for e

13、mergencies,soon invade our privacy.Just because they can,people contact us at places where we are relaxing.Another problem 4._we are facing is 5._ we have to learn too much too fast.Technological changes,6._ used to come one at a time,now overwhelm(淹没)us.Dr.Weil suggests 7._ we read her latest book,

14、8._we can turn in dealing with technostress.It can be purchased from her website.21Group work 统一答案 找出定语从句（从句类型，先行词，关系词所充当的句子成分）22 I just read a book called TechnoStress,1._ was written by Dr.Michelle M.Weil.Her co-author was Dr.Larry D.Rosen,2._is her husband and also a psychologist.According to the

15、 authors,everybody feels stressed about technology.Our cell phones,3._we buy for emergencies,soon invade our privacy.whowhichwhich23 Just because they can,people contact us at places where we are relaxing.Another problem 4._we are facing is 5._ we have to learn too much too fast.Technological change

16、s,6._ used to come one at a time,now overwhelm(淹没)us.Dr.Weil suggests 7._ we read her latest book,8._we can turn in dealing with technostress.It can be purchased from her website.that/whichthatwhichthatto which 24Take a card from the teacher.Work in groups and describe the object or the person on yo

17、ur card by using attributive clause within 2 minutes.Share your work with your classmates and guess who or what it is.251.This is the factory where we visited last week.2.The person to who you spoke is a student of Grade Two.3.The sun gives off light and warmth,that makes it possible for plants to g

18、row.4.Ive read all the books which I borrowed from the library.which/that或者删掉或者删掉where先行词作宾语先行词作宾语whom,关系词前有介词关系词前有介词which,非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句that，先行词，先行词有不定代词有不定代词all修饰修饰265.This is the best film which I have ever seen.6.My father and Mr.Smith talked about things and persons who they remembered in the

19、 country.7.Everything which we saw was of great interest.8.They work in a factory that make radio parts.that,先行词由最高级修饰先行词由最高级修饰that,先行词有人也有物先行词有人也有物that,先行词是不定代词先行词是不定代词makes,先行词先行词(第三人称单数第三人称单数)在从句中作主语在从句中作主语2728Tell whether the following sentences include attributive clause or not.If yes,mark it.1

20、.Later that afternoon,another big quake which was almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan.2.The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.which was almost as strong asthe first one shook who were trapped 293.I know you are dying to know my life here,so Ive

21、included some photos which will help you picture the places I talk about.4.If you cannot be honest in the future,or cannot do all that you promise to do,the person you betrayed will be unable to accept that you have changed or that you are worthy of being trusted again.which will help you picture th

22、e places I talk about.that you promise to doyou betrayed 省略了省略了that的定语从句的定语从句I talk about306.Im responsible for infection control,which means that my first job is to make sure of the safety of the people I work with and of myself.7.I know he is a lovely child every person may like.which means that m

23、y first job is to make sure of the safety of the people I work with and of myself.I work with every person may like.省略关系词的定语从句和省略引导词的宾省略关系词的定语从句和省略引导词的宾语从句的区别在于语从句的区别在于定语从句前有名词或代定语从句前有名词或代词作先行词词作先行词，宾语从句前有动词或介词宾语从句前有动词或介词31 Taitung is a small city in southeast Taiwan 1.where I grew up.My family move

24、d there from Taipei the summer 2.when I was born.The house in 3.which I grew up is on a main street in Taitung.My father sold tea,and my mother had a food stand in our front courtyard 4.where she sold omelets(煎蛋饼)early in the morning.A customer with 5.whom I chatted every day had a son my age.32We w

25、ere best friends.A cousin 6.whose family I visited every summer lived with us.He was an apprentice(学徒)to 7.whom my father was teaching the tea business.On the first floor of our house we had a huge kitchen,8.where we all gathered for dinner.The bedrooms were upstairs.My two brothers slept in one bedroom.I slept in another bedroom with my older sister.My younger sister shared a bedroom with another cousin 9.that/who/whom my family had adopted.33