中西方节日(英文)幻灯片课件.ppt

1、 Western Festivals新年新年 New Years Day 1月月1日日 情人节情人节 Valentines Day 2月月14日日 复活节复活节 Easter 3月月21日或此日后月圆的第一个星期日日或此日后月圆的第一个星期日 愚人节愚人节 All Fools Day 4月月1日日母亲节母亲节Mothers Day 5月的第二个月的第二个星期日星期日父亲节父亲节Fathers Day 6月的第三个星期日月的第三个星期日劳动节劳动节Labor Day 9月的第一个星期一月的第一个星期一万圣节前夕万圣节前夕 Halloween 10月月31日日感恩节感恩节 Thanksgiving

2、 Day 11月的第四个星期四月的第四个星期四圣诞节圣诞节 Christmas Day 12月月25日日1 情人节情人节（Valentines Day）2How to Celebrate?3What gifts to give?4 It is a holiday for the lovers.Valentines Day 情人节5Background During the third century,Valentine served in Rome.King Claudius II outlawed marriage for young men.Valentine,realizing the

3、unfairness of the rule,disobeyed and continued to perform marriages in secret.were discovered,be put to death on February 14th A.D.270.From A.D.496 on,February 14th was established as a day to honor Valentine.6愚人节（愚人节（April Fools DayApril Fools Day）7April Fools Day 愚人节It is a day to play jokes on ot

4、hers.8Origin the first day of April.play silly but harmless jokes A victim of one of these pranks is called an April fool.Just for fun.it originated in France.When the French first adopted the Gregorian(罗马教皇格列高利的)calendar in 1564,some people continued to use the old calendar to celebrate New Years D

5、ay on April 1.These people were called April Fools.The custom of playing tricks on this day became popular in France and then spread to many other countries.9Fun making10Easter Day Easter Day 复活节复活节11Easter 复活节复活节12Easter 复活节复活节 复活节是纪念耶稣基督在十字架受刑死后复活的节日，西方信基督教的国家都过这个节。英文原句为：“Easter,anniversary of the

6、 Resurrection of Christ,observed on the first Sunday after a full moon on or after 21 March.”13复活节复活节(Easter day)Easter Sunday falls sometime between March 22 and April 25.It falls on the first Sunday after the first full moon following March 21.Easter is important for several reasons.Primarily it i

7、s a time for families to get together much like Christmas or Thanksgiving.They usually have a large meal and serve traditional dishes such as baked ham.14Easter eggs15Church socials16October 31stOctober 31st 17Halloween 万圣节前夕18 It originated as a religious holiday,now celebrated largely as a childre

8、ns day.The orange pumpkin is hollowed out with a funny face and a candle inside as a decoration in the window.The holiday was celebrated by dressing up in strange and frightening costumes and playing tricks on ones neighbors and friends.play“trick or treat”19Day of Ghost20Jack OLantern 21“Trick or t

9、reat”22A kid in costume23A man in mask24Parade in costume25Thanksgiving Thanksgiving Day Day fourth Thursday of Nov.fourth Thursday of Nov.26Thanksgiving Day 感恩节27Historical background“May flower”ship28Thanksgiving Day In 1620,the settlers,or Pilgrims,they sailed to America on the May flower,seeking

10、 a place where they could have freedom of worship.After a two-month voyage they landed at in icy November.During their first winter,over half of the settlers died of starvation or epidemics.Those who survived began sowing in the first spring.All summer long they waited for the harvests with great an

11、xiety,knowing that their lives and the future existence of the colony depended on the coming harvest.Finally the fields produced a yield rich beyond expectations.And therefore it was decided that a day of thanksgiving to the Lord.29Thanksgiving Day comes at the fourth Thursday of November in the USA

12、,and the second Monday of October in Canada.a day of thanksgiving to the Lord Family dinner Express gratitude 30Main food Turkey 31Pumpkin pie32Activity:parade33Christmas 圣诞节34The birth of Jesus Christ.35Food to eat36Christmas tree37Dec.25thDec.25thFather Christmas 38“洋节洋节”流行的思考流行的思考 近些年，中国人尤其是年轻一代越

13、来越重视西方节日，特别是圣诞节、情人节，而对本土的节日特别是春节、七夕节的兴趣有所淡化。有人认为这是“文化入侵Cultural invasion”，斥责那些接受“洋节”的人“崇洋媚外worship and have blind faith in foreign things”。另一部分人则认为这种情形是中西文化交流与融合combinationscombinations的正常表现，在中国人接受外国节日的同时，外国人也在接受中国的节日，我们没有必要为此过分担心。39 文化背景的不同 中国的主要传统节日都是由岁时节令岁时节令转换而来的，具有浓厚的农业色彩。而西方的传统节日大多来源于基督教基督教，带有

14、浓厚的宗教色彩。从辞源学上看，“节”最初在汉字中是指植物叶与枝交接的部位，引申为季节、节气，随后又引申出节日的意义。而在英语中，“节日”(holiday/holyday)一词本义就是“神的日子”，或者“献身宗教的日子”。中西方节日起源的不同反映了二者背后两种不同的文化。一种是农业文化，一种是基督教文化。40 二十四节气二十四节气 The 24 Solar Termsn立春 Spring begins.雨水 The rains.n惊蛰 Insects awaken.春分 Vernal Equinox n清明 Clear and bright.谷雨 Grain rain.n立夏 Summer be

15、gins.小满 Grain buds.n 芒种 Grain in ear.夏至 Summer solstice.n小暑 Slight heat.大暑 Great heat.n立秋 Autumn begins.处暑 Stopping the heat.n白露 White dews.秋分 Autumn Equinox.n寒露 Cold dews.霜降 Hoar-frost falls.n立冬 Winter begins.小雪 Light snow.n大雪 Heavy snow.冬至 Winter Solstice.n 小寒 Slight cold.大寒 Great cold 41 节日内容的不同中

16、国传统节日的习俗主要以吃喝饮食吃喝饮食为主题，而西方国家传统节日的习俗则主要以玩乐为主题。中国讲究饮食，体现了“民以食为天”的文化传统。西方则偏好交往偏好交往，具有游牧文化的遗风和商业文明的特色。42 价值取向方面的不同 中国传统节日文化体现了儒家的集体主义，西方传统节日文化体现了个人主义。中华民族数千年的农耕文明及其以血缘、家庭为纽带的内向型经济模式，决定了中国文化的集体主义价值取向。纵观中国传统节日活动，大多展现出中华民族强烈的宗族家庭观念和社会群体观念。各节日无不以家族、家庭内部活动为中心以家族、家庭内部活动为中心。如年节、元宵节、中秋节等节日民俗对阖家团圆主题的凸现等等。西方文化奉行个人本位，以自我为中心，重个人，重竞争，注重人的人格和尊严。西方的节日文化更侧重于个人与个人之间的关系侧重于个人与个人之间的关系，特别是个人与个人之间的关心、友爱和亲情。西方的节日文化，十分注重个人性格的张扬与个人情感的表达注重个人性格的张扬与个人情感的表达。43