烧伤冷伤课件.ppt
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1、烧伤、冷伤烧伤、冷伤Burns Cold injury Lesson Four Bit Wound哈尔滨医科大学第一临床医学院哈尔滨医科大学第一临床医学院烧伤整形科烧伤整形科 1Tissue injury caused by heat is called burn Tissue injury caused by heat is called burn(including scald)(including scald)Burn in cammen at ordinary times or in war.Burn in cammen at ordinary times or in war.At o
2、rdinary times,scald is the greater part of At ordinary times,scald is the greater part of burn.On the other hand,burn offer happens in burn.On the other hand,burn offer happens in war.According to degree of injury and difference war.According to degree of injury and difference of body reaction,burn
3、can be classified into three of body reaction,burn can be classified into three stage in clinical process.At the same time,the stage in clinical process.At the same time,the three stage connects with each other and couldthree stage connects with each other and could2not be distinguished entirely.I s
4、hockstage.It is not be distinguished entirely.I shockstage.It is hypovolemic shock,infective stage.Thehypovolemic shock,infective stage.Theinfective incidence is the hignest in two weeks infective incidence is the hignest in two weeks post burn,repairation stage.Wound begin to post burn,repairation
5、stage.Wound begin to repair soon after burn happed.In our country the repair soon after burn happed.In our country the treatment level of burn comes up to advanced treatment level of burn comes up to advanced world standards.Most Vnits cured many patients world standards.Most Vnits cured many patien
6、ts of exceeding of exceeding SBA 90%.The total cure rate SBA 90%.The total cure rate amount to over 95%,we maintain that patients amount to over 95%,we maintain that patients with large burn area and deep degree burn with large burn area and deep degree burn should be carried out remaval of eschar a
7、nd skin should be carried out remaval of eschar and skin 3grafting in batches and by stages.The result was grafting in batches and by stages.The result was satisfied.satisfied.Key words:burn,cold injury,bite wound,Key words:burn,cold injury,bite wound,scald,shock,repairation wound,eschar,skin scald,
8、shock,repairation wound,eschar,skin grafting.grafting.4第一节第一节 热烧伤热烧伤 (Lesson One Burn)(Lesson One Burn)烧伤的临床过程及病理生理特点烧伤的临床过程及病理生理特点(一)体液渗出期(休克期)(一)体液渗出期(休克期)Acute humoral exadative stage(shock stage)Acute humoral exadative stage(shock stage)(二)急性感染期(二)急性感染期(Infectious stage)(Infectious stage)(三)创面修复
9、期(三)创面修复期(Repairation stage)(Repairation stage)(四)康复期(四)康复期5临床表现和诊断临床表现和诊断(一)烧伤面积和烧伤深度估计(一)烧伤面积和烧伤深度估计 1.1.面积的估计面积的估计(Estimate of burn area)(Estimate of burn area)(1 1)中国新九分法)中国新九分法(2 2)手掌法)手掌法 2.2.深度的估计深度的估计(Judgemet of burn depth)(Judgemet of burn depth)三度四分法三度四分法(二)烧伤严重程度(二)烧伤严重程度(Degree of burn)
10、(Degree of burn)6新九分法新九分法部位部位占成人体表占成人体表%占儿童体表占儿童体表%发部发部 头颈头颈 面部面部 颈部颈部33 939+(12_-年龄年龄)双上肢双上肢 双上臂双上臂 双前臂双前臂 双双 手手76 92592驱干驱干 躯干前躯干前 躯干后躯干后 回回 阴阴1313 93193双下肢双下肢 双双 臀臀 双大腿双大腿 双小腿双小腿 双双 足足 521 95+1137 95+1-(12年龄年龄)7三度四分法三度四分法烧伤程度烧伤程度深度深度病理病理临床表现临床表现愈合过程愈合过程一度一度(红版)(红版)表皮浅层,表皮浅层,生发层健在生发层健在,再生能力,再生能力强强
11、局部血管扩张充局部血管扩张充血渗出血渗出轻度红肿热痛,感觉过敏,表皮轻度红肿热痛,感觉过敏,表皮干燥无水泡,红斑状干燥无水泡,红斑状37日痊愈,日痊愈,短期色素沉着短期色素沉着,无瘢痕,无瘢痕浅二度浅二度(水疱性)(水疱性)表皮生发层表皮生发层,真皮乳头,真皮乳头层层血浆渗出积于表血浆渗出积于表皮和真皮之间皮和真皮之间剧痛,感觉过敏,大小不一的水剧痛,感觉过敏,大小不一的水疱,水疱剥脱可见均匀发红、潮疱,水疱剥脱可见均匀发红、潮湿水肿明显湿水肿明显12周,不留周,不留瘢痕,色素沉瘢痕,色素沉着,多数无瘢着,多数无瘢痕痕深二度深二度真皮有附件真皮有附件残留残留局部组织坏死,局部组织坏死,皮下层渗
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