2022新人教版八年级上册《英语》完形填空解题技巧ppt课件.pptx

1、完形填空课堂导入题型特点完型填空是一种旨在考查学生语法和词汇知识综合运用能力的典型题；难易程度与初中教材相当，词数在180-250左右。文中平均每隔25个词左右设空。学生通过推理判断，综合分析等将答案填在空白处，使短文前后连贯，意思通顺，结构完整合理。文体多以记叙文为主，首句通常不设空。考查内容集中在对名词、动词、代词、形容词和副词等实词的理解上。完形填空考查的就是你能否在缺字，不认得字、词语的情况下，能否通过推理判断、综合分析等全面理解文章的正确意思，然后把答案填入空白处，使短文前后连贯、意思通顺、结构完整合理。它的一个显著特点就是突出语篇，即重在文意的干扰，把具体的语言知识融进具体的语言情

2、境中去，考查学生通过上下文对整体文意进行把握的能力。考查重点“完形填空”题是一种旨在考查学生语法和词汇知识综合运用能力的典型题型。重点考查:词语搭配、词语辨析、逻辑推断、前后呼应等，有时兼顾一些讲英语国家的语言及生活习惯等。1 词语搭配包括:习惯用语、动词、形容词、副词、介词、名词等的相互搭配；2 词语辨析包括:近义词的辨析和易混词的辨析3逻辑推断逻辑推断包括:根据上下文的信息判断和逻辑关系，如转折、递进、因果、条件、让步等关系，也包括根据上下文内容，选出一个意思与内容相符合的词或词语；4前后呼应前后呼应是指有些句子如果孤立地理解，可能有多个选择，并且意思都能成立，但把前后文结合或联系起来理解

3、，就只能有一个选择 猜测词义题猜测词义题解题技巧一context（上下文、语境）例1：In New York,on a Friday night,a young artist stood at the gate of a train station.He was playing his _16_.His music was so great that many people put money into his hat.The next day,the young artist came to the same place,and played the violin as usual.16.A

4、.piano B.guitar C.violin D.saxSkill 1：context（上下文、语境）例2：Once a king was walking around a pool with his ministers（大臣）.Suddenly,he came up with an idea.He asked,“How many baskets of _41_ are there in the pool?”.as big as the pool,there is one basket of water41.A.fish B.flowers C.water D.applesSkill 1：

5、context（上下文、语境）例3:England is a country with _weather.It is often windy and rainy.A.nice B.windy C.badSkill 1：context（上下文、语境）例4:There were so many people on the bus that there were _1_ empty seats.When a young man got out,an old man near him wanted to_2_,but the young man pushed him back his seat.“Th

6、ank you,”he said,“but please dont do that,I can stand.”1.A.many B.some C.enough D.no2.A.sit down B.get on C.set out D.stand upSkill 1：context（上下文、语境）猜测词义题猜测词义题解题技巧二logic（逻辑推理）例1:When we talked,I discovered（发现）some differences in school life between the US and China.For example,each class lasts fifty

7、 minutes in the US.It is a little _44_ than that in China.We usually have forty-five minutes in each class.44.A.shorter B.longer C.earlier D.laterSkill 2：logic（逻辑推理）例2:My mother often asked me，“What is the most important part of the body?”I thought sound was very important to us as humans，so I said“

8、My _17_，Mommy”She said,“NoMany people are deaf17.A.ears B.eyes C.body D.headSkill 2：logic（逻辑推理）例3:Skill 2：logic（逻辑推理）解析：解析：猜测词义题猜测词义题解题技巧三regular collocation （固定搭配）例1:When two people are in a conversation,the speaker will only look at the listener from time to time,in order to make sure that the lis

9、tener does pay attention _48_ what he or she is speaking48.A.for B.of C.with D.toSkill 3：regular collocation分析：pay attention to.注意.例2:In the morning,the king went to visit the pond.To his surprise,the pond was only filled with water!What happened?Yes!Everyone had the same idea 48 that man.48.A.with

10、B.to C.as D.ofSkill 3：regular collocation分析：the same as.和.一样例3:Its Sunday.Some students are going _1_ a trip with their teacher._2_ their way they saw a bus behind them.1.A.to B.for C.on D.at 2.A.On B.By C.At D.ToSkill 3：regular collocation分析：1.go on a trip 去旅行 2.on ones way 在去的路上猜测词义题猜测词义题解题技巧四gram

11、mar analysis（语法分析）例1:As a reporter,I think I will meet lots of people and I should be friendly to them.I think Ill also make many good _25_ and live with them,because I dont like living alone.25.A.friend B.friends C.friends D.friendsSkill 4：grammar analysis例2:A little cock lived near the river.One m

12、orning the little cock _his beautiful clothes and went for a walk by the river.On his way he met a little duck.A.wore B.had on C.dressed D.put onSkill 4：grammar analysis分析：所给的四个选项是一组同义词组，都表示“穿”，但它们在用法上有所不同。Wear和have on 都可接物作宾语，意为“穿着”，表示状态；put on 也可接“衣物”，作宾语，意为“穿上”，表示动作；而dress 的宾语只能是人，而不能是“衣物”。根据以上分析

13、，再结合原句的意思，可以确定正确答案为D。猜测词义题猜测词义题解题技巧五background knowledge（背景知识）（背景知识）例：All over the world people swim for fun.Swimming is enjoyed by people of _32_ ages,from the very young to the very old.There are many places for people to swim in swimming pools.32.A.all B.none C.some D.bothSkill 5：background knowl

14、edge解题步骤及技巧 1.第一步：细读首句，跳过空格，通读全文，掌握大意细读首句:明确短文话题，了解篇章结构,预测全文内容。跳过空格，快速通读，领会大意，把握中心。生词的处理:跳过、判断词性、了解大意、猜 测。解题步骤及技巧 2.第二步：上下联系，逐句阅读，先易后难，初定答案。答案要求:语法正确,搭配无误,结构完整，意思通顺,前后一致,逻辑得当。怎样分析：A.从空格所在的句子单独考虑。B.从空格所在的前后2-3句考虑。C.从整个段落、整篇短文考虑。解题步骤及技巧 思路一:分析句子结构，从语法和句型结构考虑。思路二:理解句子含义，判断句义关系，从词汇的意义、用法和搭配考虑。思路三:把握整体意思

15、，寻找答题线索，从上下文考虑。思路四:结合前后语境，进行逻辑推理，从日常生活常识考虑。解题步骤及技巧 第三步：复读全文，逐个核对，验证答案，坚定信心。怎样验证答案：所选答案是否能使全文流畅，逻辑推理是否正确。具体实事是否成立，前后关系是否理顺。语法是否正确，其中包括时态的选择、词汇选择、固定搭配等。在通读全文时最好在可能的条件下将所选答案填入文章中，反复阅读。实战演练(1)A man was sitting in the doctoroffice.He was telling the doctor about his_1_.I like football,doctor,he said.Plea

16、se help me.My life has_2_been a good one since Ibecome_3_infootball and it is getting wrose and wrosa.I cant even_4_well at night.When I close my_5_.Im out there in the football field_6_after a flying ball.When I wake up,Immore_7_than I was I went to实战演练(1)What am I going to do?the doctor sat back a

17、nd said,First of all,you_8_to do your best not to dream about football.Before you are falling asleep,try to_9_about something else.Try to think that you are at a party and someone is going to give you several million dollars.（医生说完话了）Are you crazy?the man shouted.Ill_10_the ball!实战演练（1）1.A.problem B.

18、family C.sport D.journey2.A.always B.already C.never D.often3.A.interested B.careful C.deep D.strong4.A.work B.play C.do D.sleep5.A.doors B.windows C.books D.eyes实战演练（1）6.A.booking B.playing C.running D.waiting 7.A.worried B.tired C.surprised D.pleased8.A.want B.hope C.have D.decide9.A.hear B.write

19、C.talk D.think10.A.miss B.play C.catch D.pass(1)Key：1-5 AAADD6-10 CBADA实战演练(2)One day,a Chinese student goes to study English in England.His family name is Sun.It is the 1 as the word sun.England is a country with 2.It is often cloudy or misty(多雾的),and it 3 again,so the days there 4 get much sunshin

20、e(阳光)all the year.实战演练(2)When the Chinese student gets to London,a tall 5 policeman with a long face 6 his passport(护照)to check(检查)it.The policeman finds the Chinese name sun in the passport.He 7 it is pronounced(发音)just like the 8 word sun.So he says to the Chinese student,I see your name is Sun,yo

21、ure wanted here.You bring sunshine 9 England,so we dont want you to 10.They smile.实战演练（2）()1.A.same B.different C.like D.as()2.A.good weather B.bad people C.bad weather D.good people()3.A.rains B.raining C.is rains D.to rains()4.A.dont B.doesnt C.also D.often()5.A.Chinese B.China C.English D.Japanes

22、e实战演练（2）()6.A.is open B.opens C.opening D.to open()7.A.think B.thinking C.to think D.thinks()8.A.English B.Chinese C.Japan D.French()9.A.at B.of C.to D.for()10.A.go away B.goes away C.going away D.away(2)Key：1-5 ACAAC6-10 BDACA实战演练(3)Robots seem new to most people,but they have a long history._(1)on

23、e was made by a Greek.The robots in the films are usually stronger,_(2)and clever than people.In real life,most robots are used in factories.They are used to do many dangerous,difficult or boring _(3).Some people cant look after _(4)and robots can help them.For example,some people cant see,and they

24、use dogs _(5)themselves move around.实战演练(3)This kind of dog is called a guide dog.But now scientists are making robots to help them.In the future,robot dogs _(6)take the place of these guide dogs.Today robots are _(7)used in American hospitals.In the hospital,a robot _(8)meals from the kitchen to th

25、e patients room.It never loses its way because it has a _(9)of hospital in its computers system.Robots can help us a lot of different ways.However,they _(10)take the place of humans.实战演练（3）()1.A.First B.Second C.The first D.The one()2.A.fast B.more fast C.faster D.more faster()3.A.jobs B.work C.exer

26、cise D.works()4.A.them B.themselves C.their D.theirs()5.A.helps B.to help C.helping D.help 实战演练（3）()6.A.cant B.may be C.may D.must()7.A.also B.too C.either D,hardly()8.A.takes B.puts C.gets D.walks()9.A.paper B.map C.sign D.book()10.A.will never B.never will C.are never D.never are(3)Key：1-5 BCDBA6-

27、10 BADCA课堂小结step1step2step3课后作业（1）Robots seem new to most people,but they have a long history._(1)one was made by a Greek.The robots in the films are usually stronger,_(2)and clever than people.In real life,most robots are used in factories.They are used to do many dangerous,difficult or boring _(3)

28、.Some people cant look after _(4)and robots can help them.For example,some people cant see,and they use dogs _(5)themselves move around.This kind of dog is called a guide dog.课后作业（1）But now scientists are making robots to help them.In the future,robot dogs _(6)take the place of these guide dogs.Toda

29、y robots are _(7)used in American hospitals.In the hospital,a robot _(8)meals from the kitchen to the patients room.It never loses its way because it has a _(9)of hospital in its computers system.Robots can help us a lot of different ways.However,they _(10)take the place of humans.课后作业（1）()1.A.First

30、 B.Second C.The first D.The one()2.A.fast B.more fast C.faster D.more faster()3.A.jobs B.work C.exercise D.works()4.A.them B.themselves C.their D.theirs()5.A.helps B.to help C.helping D.help 课后作业（1）()6.A.cant B.may be C.may D.must()7.A.also B.too C.either D,hardly()8.A.takes B.puts C.gets D.walks()9

31、.A.paper B.map C.sign D.book()10.A.will never B.never will C.are never D.never are(1)Key：1-5 BCDBC6-10 BADCA课后作业（2）During the day we work and play,and at night we sleep.Our bodies rest while we are _11_.In the morning we are ready_12_ again.Our bodies grow _13_ while we are asleep.Children who are t

32、ired usually _14_ sleep.We can get better at our lessons _15_ we have had plenty of rest.Boys and girls who are eight or nine years old need ten hours of sleep every night.课后作业（2）Our bodies need plenty of _16_ when we sleep.If we do not get enough fresh air,we _17_ tired when we wake up.While in bed

33、 we must not cover our _18_.Our lungs(肺)need to get enough fresh air.If we _19_ our windows at night,we can have plenty of fresh air.Cool air is better than warm air.Boys and girls who want to be _20_ must get plenty of sleep.课后作业（2）()11.A.asleep B.sleep C.rest D.play ()12.A.to work and play B.worki

34、ng and to play C.to work and playing D.working and playing()13.A.much B.more C.most D.slow()14.A.can B.may C.need D.must()15.A.while B.before C.as D.after 课后作业（2）()16.A.air B.sun C.water D.food()17.A.felt B.will feel C.are feeling D.has felt()18.A.foot B.arm C.head D.body()19.A.open B.close C.draw D

35、.use ()20.A.happy B.interested C.helpful D.healthy(2)Key：1-5 AABCD6-10 AACAD课后作业（3）Everyone likes gifts.Some little kid think they dont get enough gifts.Some old people they get _(1)gifts.Different people like different _(2)gifts.Some presents are never too small.A little child may give his mother a

36、 leaf from a tree.It is _(3)her happy.课后作业（3）Gift giving is different in different countries.In Japan,people _(4)give special gifts.But they are not opened.Later,the same gift may _(5)away to _(6).Many people will not give big gifts to someone else.They will _(7)a park bench or a tree to help rememb

37、er a person.In the USA,some people ask their families and friends _(8)money to charity rather than _(9)them gifts.In Sweden,doing something for someone is the best gift.People dont need to spend too much money.Instead,_(10)a meal is enough.课后作业（3）()1.A.too much B.much too C.too many D.many too()2.A.

38、kind of B,kinds of C.a kind D.a kind of()3.A.enough making B,making enough C.enough to make D,to make enough()4.A.sometimes B.some times C.some time D.sometime()5.A.be giving B.be given C.to give D.give 课后作业（3）()6.A.someone other B.else someone C.someone else D.other someone()7.A.spend B.take C.cost D.pay for()8.A.give B.giving C.to give D.given()9.A.buy B.to buy C.buying D.bought()10.A.make B.making C.made D.makes(3)Key：1-5 CBCAB6-10 CDCAB