人教版七年级上册《英语》期末 语法 总结ppt课件（PPT33张）.ppt

1、七年级语法复习词类英语名称缩写作用例词实词名词Nounsn.表示人或事物的名称.boy，flower代词Pronounspron.用来代替名词或数词等.they,some.形容词Adjectivesadj.用来修饰名词或代词.pretty,useful.动词Verbsv.表示动作或状态等.work,know副词Adverbsadv.用来修饰动词、形容词或副词。slowly，very.数词Numeralnum.用来表示数量或顺序。one,first虚词冠词Articleart.用在名词前帮助说明其词义.a，the.介词Prepositionsprep.用在名词，代词等前面，表示与别的词的关系。f

2、or，from.连词Conjunctionconj.用来连接词与词或句与句.but，if.感叹词Interjectioninterj.表示说话时的感情或口气.oh，ah.名词：1、区分可数名词与不可数名词 2、可数名词变复数的规则、读音 3、名词所有格的构成方法可数名词与不可数名词【要点解读】可数名词是指可以计数的事物的名词，可数名词有单、复数形式；不可数名词是指不可以计数的事物的名词，不可数名词没有单、复数形式。本册书中的不可数名词有：milk、bread、rice、food、fruit、ice-cream、salad、chicken（鸡肉）、orange(橘子汁)、time、music.不

3、可数名词可以用以下短语来修饰：专题归类复习三专题归类复习三 a glass of a cup of a box of a bag of some much 一般名词变复数形式的规律：一般名词变复数形式的规律：1.一般在名词的词尾加一般在名词的词尾加-s.如：如：banana -bananas 2.以以-s,-sh,-ch,-x 结尾结尾的名词的名词,在词尾加在词尾加-es构成复数形式构成复数形式 如：如：watch-watches，box-boxes 3.有些以有些以-o 结尾结尾的名词，则加的名词，则加-es.如：如：tomato-tomatoes,potatopotatoes,herohe

4、roes，Negro-Negroes 英雄和黑人喜欢吃西红柿和马铃薯英雄和黑人喜欢吃西红柿和马铃薯 4.以以辅音字母加辅音字母加-y 结尾结尾的名词，则把的名词，则把-y改为改为i，加，加-es.如：如：family-families 5.有些名词以有些名词以不规则不规则来构成复数形式来构成复数形式 如：如：man-men（男人）（男人）,woman-women（女人）（女人）childchildren（孩子）（孩子）句子单数变复数，注意以下五要素(1)主格人称代词要变成相应的复数主格人称代词,即Iwe,youyou，she,he,it they。如：She is a girl.They ar

5、e girls.(2)am，is要变为are。如：Im a student.We are students.(3)不定冠词a，an要去掉。如：He is a boy.They are boys.(4)普通单数名词要变为复数形式。如：It is an apple.They are apples.(5)指示代词this，that要变为these，those。如：This is a box.These are boxes.【强化训练】用括号内所给词的适当形式填空1Some _(orange)is in the cup.2I want some _(tomato)to eat.3Do you want

6、 some _(salad)?4A pen _(be)on the desk.5Lots of vegetables _(be)in the supermarket(超市)专题归类复习三专题归类复习三 orangetomatoessaladisare4名词s所有格（1）单数名词后直接加“s”：如：Jims coat 吉姆的外套 Jeffs mother杰夫的妈妈（2）以s结尾的复数名词，只加“”如：Teachers Day教师节 the twins books双胞胎的书（3）不以s结尾的不规则的名词复数，加“s”如：Childrens Day 儿童节 mens shoes男式鞋（4）表示两者共

7、同拥有时，只在最后一个名词后加s 如：Lucy and Lilys mother 露茜和莉莉的妈妈(共同的妈妈，一个妈妈)（5）表示两者各自拥有时，要在每个名词后加s 如：Lucys and Kates rooms 露茜和凯特的房间（各自的房间，两间房子）名词所有格【强化训练】根据句意用名词所有格形式填空1The girl is _(Tom)sister.2September 10th is _ _(teacher)Day.3This is _(John and Jeff)mother.4She is a friend of _(Lucy)5_(Lucy and Lily)dictionari

8、es are here.6.我爸爸的一张照片7.教室的一张图片专题归类复习四专题归类复习四 TomsTeachersJohn and JeffsLucysLucys and Lilysa photo of my fathera picture of the classroom考点4不定冠词a与an【要点解读】an用在以元音音素开头的字母或单词前；a用在以辅音音素开头的字母或单词前。当名词前有this，that等指示代词或my,your等物主代词时，不能再用a或an。专题归类复习一专题归类复习一冠词【强化训练】根据句意用不定冠词a、an或/填空1Its _ my English book.2Lu

9、cy is _ girl.3Its _ English book.4Whats this?Its _ map.5It is _“L”6Whats this in English?Its _ orange.专题归类复习一专题归类复习一/aanaanan 代词练习代词练习1.1.写出下列人称代词的宾格形式写出下列人称代词的宾格形式I_you_he_she_we_they_2.2.单项选择单项选择(1)_isagoodstudent.Alltheteacherslike_verymuch.A.She,herB.Her,sheC.He,herD.she,him(2)Mary,pleasegive（给）

10、_yourbook.A.myB.mineC.ID.mehimyoumeherusthem.用所给词的适当形式填空1_(she)is a girl._(she)name is Lucy.2_(I)name is Kate.Whats_(you)name?3What is_(he)telephone number?4Are_(your)Miss Smith?5_(it)name is Mimi.根据句意及汉语提示补全单词1_(她的)name is Mary.2This is_(我的)book.3Whats_(你的)name?4_(他的)telephone number is 543-3345.5I

11、ts a cat._(它的)eyes are blue.专题归类复习一专题归类复习一SheHerMyyourhisyouItsHermyyourHisIts1.What is _(她的她的)English name？2._(我的我的)father is a doctor.3.Where is _(你们的你们的)library?4._(我我)have a pet cat._(它的它的)name is Joy.5._(我们的我们的)classroom is big.6._(他们的他们的)books are colorful.herMyyourIItsOurTheir()1.She gives th

12、e erasers to Lucy and _.A.I B.me C.my D.mine()2.There are some apples behind_.A.him B.they C.he D.my()3._go to school every day._ like school very much.A.Tom and I,We B.I and Tom,We C.Tom and me,We D.Tom and I,TheyBAA()4.Can you let _ go with_?A.him,I B.he,I C.he,me D.him,meD()5.Only _ know it.A.I a

13、nd he B.he and you C.he and I D.I and youC()6._like sports very much,but they only watch_ on TV.A.they,they B.them,them C.they,them D.them,they()7.The boys like English,_read(看看,读读)it every day.so_English is very good.A.they,them B.they,their C.their,they D.them,they CB考点2this，that与it【要点解读】1指示代词是用来指

14、代或标记人或事物的代词，this和that是最基本、最常用的指示代词，常用来指代名词单数。(1)this表示“这个”，指近处的人或事物；that意为“那个”，指较远处的人或事物或用来指代离说话人较远的人或事物。两者作主语时，be动词都用is。(2)介绍在一起的两个事物时，先介绍的用this，后介绍的用that。(3)向第三者介绍旁边的人时，用This is；向第三者介绍距离较远的人时，用That is。专题归类复习二专题归类复习二【强化训练】.根据句意用this,that或it填空1Look!_ is a computer.2Mum,_ is Tom and _ is Lucy.3Whats

15、this?_ is a ruler.How do you spell _？R-U-L-E-R.4.Is this Mary?No,_ isnt.Its Lily.5This is an apple._ is a red apple.专题归类复习二专题归类复习二 ThisthisthatItititIt.根据问句及提示完成答语1Is that a pencil?Yes,_ _2Is this your book?No,_ _3Is that an English dictionary?Yes,_ _4Are you Bob?No,_ _5Is it an orange?No,_ _专题归类复习二

16、专题归类复习二 itisitisntitisImnotitisnt数词【强化训练】.根据汉语意思完成英语句子1他的妈妈42岁。His mother is _ _ _.2我有12个苹果。I have _ _3我们需要20个篮球。We _ _ _4王林在3班。Wang Lin is in _ _59加4等于几？_ is _ and _？专题归类复习四专题归类复习四 fortytwoyearsoldtwelveapplesneedtwentybasketballsClassThreeWhatninefour.用括号内数字对应的数词的适当形式填空1My birthday is on May _(3)2

17、September is the _(9)month of the year.3I am _(12)years old.Today is my _(12)birthday.4His birthday is on June _(21)5Its March _(18)today.专题归类复习四专题归类复习四 3rdninthtwelvetwelfth21st18th8英语日期的表示法 英语中月份和星期名称都是专有名词，它们的首字母必须大写，并且前面无需用冠词。如：On Monday 用英语表示日期，其顺序为月+日+年，日和年之间需用逗号隔开。如：August 2nd，2003(2003年8月2日)

18、。也可以用日+月+年来表示。如：10th May，2003(2003年5月10日)英语日期前介词的使用：若指在哪一年或哪一月，则用介词in，若具体到某一天，则需用介词on。动词be（is,am,are）的用法我(I)用am,你(you)用are，is跟着他(he)，她(she)，它(it)。单数名词用is，复数名词全用are。Eg:Your house is very big.Your houses are all very big.变否定，更容易，be后not加上去。Eg:变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃。Eg:Is your house very big?还有一条须注意，句首大写莫忘记。1、

19、目前所学的动词的形式有4种：动词原形；如：do;have;like动词的三单式（常在动词原形后加s）；如：get-gets动词不定式（to+动词原形）；如：meet-to meet动词ing式（动词原形后加ing）如：look-looking6like一词的用法like用作及物动词，译为“喜欢”。(1)后接名词或代词，表示喜欢某人或某物。如：I like the baby very much.我非常喜欢这个小孩。(2)后接动名词(v.-ing)，表示“喜欢做某事”，着重于习惯、爱好。如：Tom likes playing football.汤姆喜欢踢足球。(3)后接动词不定式(to do)，表

20、示“偶尔地喜欢做某事”，着重于某次具体的行为。如：I like reading,but I like to watch TV this evening.我喜欢读书，但我今晚想看电视。10.want用法(1)想干什么用want to do sth They want to join the sports club.他们想加入运动俱乐部。(2)第三人称单数作主语，want要作变化 He wants to play basketball.Li Xia wants to play the piano.(3)变疑问句，否定句要借助助动词do或does.Do you want to play soccer

21、 ball?Yes,I do./No,I dont.Does he want to go home by bus?Yes,he does./No,he doesnt 12英文一般疑问句及肯定和否定回答一般疑问句是以be动词、情态动词和Do/Does开头的，用Yes或No回答的疑问句。、以be动词开头的一般疑问句及答句Am I?Yes,you are./No,you arent.Are you?Yes,I am./No,Im not.Is he/she/it?Yes,he/she/it is.No,he/she/it isnt.Are we/you/they?Yes,we/we/they are

22、.No,we/we/they arent.、以情态动词开头的一般疑问句及答句Can?Yes,can.No,cant(cannot).、以Do/Does开头的一般疑问句及答句Do you+行为动词？Yes,I do/No,I dont.Do we/you/they+行为动词？Yes,we/they do.No,we/they dont.Does he/she/it+行为动词？Yes,he/she/it does.No,he/she/it doesnt.改一般疑问句的方法：先找后借 在句中找到Be动词（am,is,are）或情态动词（can,may,could,would,will），把它提到句首

23、；找不到以上词时，借Do或Does，放在句首。注意：句子是三单主语时，借Does；不是三单主语时，借Do.并且：Does一出现，三单式要滚蛋。练习：He likes his family members.Does he like his family members?We are singing and dancing.Are you singing and dancing?Mary can ride a bike.Can Mary ride a bike?There is some water in the cup.Is there some water in the cup?13特殊疑问句

24、 以疑问词开头的疑问句叫特殊疑问句。常用的疑问词有：what who whose where how why等。回答特殊疑问句时，不能用yes/no，要问什么答什么。特殊疑问句的结构：疑问词一般疑问句？对划线部分提问就是把句子改为特殊疑问句。方法如下：把划线部分替换成相应的疑问词，放在句首；把没划线部分改为一般疑问句，放在疑问词后。提示：划线部分在句首时，只需第步，没划线的词照抄。如：Maria goes shopping with Miss Wang.-Who goes shopping with Miss Wang?英语的一些重要原则 英文句子中至少有一个动词，用来作谓语。如：我很高兴-误

25、：I very happy.正：I am very happy.她最喜欢熊猫.-误：She favorite pandas.(favorite不是动词)正：She likes pandas best/Her favorite is pandas.同一个句子中不能同时用be动词和行为动词。误：I am at six get up.正：I get up at six.误：Are you want to go for a picnic?(Are改为Do)句子中的单数名词前要带冠词，或用复数名词来表示类别。误：orange is orange.正：An orange is orange/Oranges are orange.误：He is doctor.(他是医生)正：He is a doctor.限定词的唯一原则限定词是指(1)冠词（定冠词，不定冠词）、(2)形容词性物主代词、(3)指示代词、(4)名词所有格、(5)量词(some,any,no,many,much等)，这五类词只能用一个修饰同一个名词。如：我的一本书-误：my a book 正：my book吉姆的这个风筝-误：Jims this/the kite正：Jims kiteyour the bike the some animals that a bus