人教版九年级全册《英语》中考二轮复习ppt课件-定语从句全解.pptx

1、CONTENTS什么是定语从句？什么是定语从句？This is a beautiful flower.（形容词作定语，置前）This is a flower in the garden.（介词短语作定语，置后）This is which you gave to me.the flower（句子作定语，置后）先行词关系词关系词定语从句定语从句限制性定语从句限制性定语从句非非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句CONTENTS关系词有哪些？关系词有哪些？关系词的种类关系代词关系代词关系副词关系副词关系词代表了主句与定语从句之间的关系是人。在从句中充当主语或宾语是人。在从句中充当宾语 是人/物。在从句中充当

2、定语是人/物。在从句中充当主语或宾语是物。在从句中充当主语或宾语whowhomwhosethatwhich说明从句缺成分说明从句缺成分不完整不完整1）who,whom的用法的用法1.who在定语从句中作在定语从句中作主语、宾语主语、宾语，作宾语作宾语在限制性在限制性可省，可省，非限制性从句中非限制性从句中不能省略不能省略。2.whom在句中作在句中作宾语宾语，限制性从句可省，非限制性从句中不能省略限制性从句可省，非限制性从句中不能省略总结：关系代词whom在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，常由“介词+whom“引出，此时whom不能省略,也不能用who代替 The girl who is in re

3、d is Lily.(作作_,不可省）不可省）I like the person who you are talking to.(作作_,可用可用whom/that替换或者省略替换或者省略)主语主语宾语宾语 I happened to meet the professor whom I got to know at a party yesterday.(作作_,可省可省)宾语宾语I have many friends to whom I am going to send postcards.(_后面不可省）后面不可省）介词介词whose的先行词既可指人，也可指物。在定语从句中作的先行词既可指人

4、，也可指物。在定语从句中作定语定语。2）whose的用法的用法 e.g.This is the scientist whose achievements are well known.(whose指人指人)=This is the scientist,_ the achievements are well known.of whom e.g.Id like a room whose window faces the sea.（whose指物）指物）=Id like a room _ the window faces the sea.of whichwhose=of+which/whom3）th

5、at和和which的用法的用法1.限制性定语从句中，通常情况下限制性定语从句中，通常情况下that和和which可以互换。可以互换。that指人或物，指人或物，which指物不指人，指物不指人，他们都可以作他们都可以作主语主语或或宾语宾语，作宾语时可省略，作主语不能省略作宾语时可省略，作主语不能省略。His father works in a factory that/which makes TV sets.(作作_,不可省不可省)The coat _ I put on the desk is black.（作（作_,_）主语主语that/which/不填不填宾语宾语可省略可省略 The ro

6、om in _ I live is very big.=The room _ I live in is very big.注意：注意：(先行词为物，在介词后面用先行词为物，在介词后面用which，且不可省略）且不可省略）whichthat/which/不填不填that/whichthat/which只用只用thatthat口诀口诀程程:程度修饰序序:序数词问题问题:Which疑问句最最:形容词最高级多多:先行词为人+物时不定不定:不定代词There is something that I didnt tell him.I know the last card that you gave me.

7、This is the first room that I see.Which is the book that you like?It is the best car that I can buy.Kangkang and his latiao that you showed me were interesting.只用只用that的情况的情况 that和和which在在指物指物的情况下的情况下一般都可以互换一般都可以互换当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时当形容词被the very,the only,the same,the lastthe very,the only,the same,t

8、he last等修极端词饰时 当先行词有anything,everything,nothing,something,few,anything,everything,nothing,something,few,all,none,little,some,every,any,no,much,eachall,none,little,some,every,any,no,much,each等不定代词时关系词的特殊用法只用只用which的情况的情况当关系代词前面有介词时当先行词本身是that，those 时This is the room in he lives.Whats that was put in

9、the box.that和和which在在指物指物的情况下的情况下一般都可以互换一般都可以互换在非限制性定语从句中She lost the game,depressed her greatly.如果有两个定语从句，其中前一个关系代词用that，后一个宜用which Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library was newly open to us.关系词的特殊用法只用只用that的其他的其他情况情况当先行词前面有当先行词前面有who,whichwho,which等疑问代词时等疑问代词时当先行词既有人，也有动物或者物体时

10、当先行词既有人，也有动物或者物体时 当在当在there bethere be句型中，通常情况下用句型中，通常情况下用thatthat，不用，不用which which(1)Who is the man is standing there?(2)Which is the T-shirt fits me most?She took photos of the people and the things she was interested in.There is a book was written by J.K Rowling on the table.u This is the best fi

11、lm has been shown so far in the city.(先行词被先行词被_修饰）修饰）u The first thing we should do now is to find a local guide.（先行词被（先行词被_修饰）修饰）bestfirstu All the apples fell down from the tree were eaten up by the pigs.(先行词为先行词为_)u There is not much _ ought to be done right now.(先行词为先行词为_)u He did everything _ c

12、ould help us.(先行词为先行词为_)thatthatmucheverythingu Who is the person is standing at the school gate?（前有（前有_）u Tell us about the people and the places are different from ours.（先行词（先行词_）whothatthatthatthat既有人又有物既有人又有物thatalluTokyo,_ is the capital of Japan,sees great changes every day.（非限制定从非限制定从）whichu

13、The pen with _ you are writing is Jeff s.（关系词前有（关系词前有 ）which介词介词u I dont like that he did.(先行词为先行词为_，避免重复，避免重复)whichthat沙场练兵沙场练兵关系关系代词代词引导的定语从句引导的定语从句that I bought 主谓宾who ate a latiao 主谓宾whom I saw yesterday主谓宾whose favorite food is latiao.主系表定 which Kangkang likes.主谓宾关系词后句子成分缺失小结小结找先行词(名词/代词)定从关系定从

14、关系代词代词解题解题划定引导词引导的从句定从句缺少成分(主/宾)选定合适关系代词who/that 人做主语填入正确的填入正确的关系代词关系代词物做宾语which/that who/that 人做主语which/that 物做宾语做主语who/that 人填入正确的填入正确的关系代词关系代词whose 人做定语whose 物做定语填入正确的填入正确的关系代词关系代词1.Say everything _ you know.2.This is the best novel _ I have read.3.This is the only gift_ my mother bought for me.4

15、.This is the second book _ I have read.5.Who is the person _ you called last night?6.My glasses,without _ I was like a blind man,fell to the ground and broke.that 物物that 物that 物that 疑问代词that 物有介词which 关系代词在从句中的谓语动词的变化1.I like the musician _(play）different kinds of music.2.I like the musicians _(play

16、)different kinds of music.playsplay当关系代词在从句中充当主语时，从句的谓语动词形式要与先行词的单复数保持一致。关系副词可代替的先行词是关系副词可代替的先行词是时间时间、地点地点或或理由理由的名词，在从句中作的名词，在从句中作状语状语。1.when指时间，在从句中作时间状语，它的先行词通常为 time,day,morning,night,week,year,moment等I will never forget the day when I won the prize.2.where指地点，在从句中作地点状语，它的先行词通常为place，village，hous

17、e，room，building，town等This is the village where I stayed last year.3.why指地点，在从句中作原因状语，它的先行词通常为reason。Tell me the reason why she was late.This was the place where Kangkang ate a latiao.关系关系副词副词引导的定语从句引导的定语从句This is the reason why Kangkang ate a latiao.This was the day when Kangkang ate a latiao.This w

18、as the place in which Kangkang ate a latiao.关系关系副词副词引导的定语从句引导的定语从句This is the reason for which Kangkang ate a latiao.This was the day on which Kangkang ate a latiao.介词介词+代词代词whichwhich找找先行词先行词(名词名词/代词代词)定从关系定从关系副词副词解题解题划划定引导词引导的从句定引导词引导的从句定定从句从句不不缺少成分缺少成分(主主/宾宾)选选定合适关系副词定合适关系副词“_”前前的的名名/代词代词“先行词先行词”

19、后后句子句子判定使用关系副词判定使用关系副词先行词为先行词为时间时间:从用从用when=when=介介+which+which 先行词为先行词为地点地点:从用从用where=where=介介+whichwhich 先行词为先行词为原因原因:从用从用why=for whichwhy=for which小结小结Our guide,who is Chinese,was an excellent cook.非非限定性定语从句类型限定性定语从句类型Harry,whom you met in London,is now back in China.The boy,whose mother is a tea

20、cher,studies very hard.The news,which is fake,makes people feel insecure.They went to London,where they lived for six months.As is known to us,Mark Twain is a great American writer.I remember the days,when we work and study together.定语从句解题思路定语从句解题思路Step 1：确定关系词在定语从句中充当什么成分？：确定关系词在定语从句中充当什么成分？A.如果是主语

21、、宾语、表语、定语，就用关系代词如果是主语、宾语、表语、定语，就用关系代词Step 2：找出先行词，判断指人指物：找出先行词，判断指人指物Step 3:选择合适的关系代词。选择合适的关系代词。B.如果是状语如果是状语，就用关系副词，就用关系副词Step 2：找出先行词，判断指时间，地点，还是原因。找出先行词，判断指时间，地点，还是原因。Step 3:选择合适的关系副词。选择合适的关系副词。实在不会看关系词充当什么成分怎么办？实在不会看关系词充当什么成分怎么办？定语从句中的谓语动词是定语从句中的谓语动词是及物动词及物动词定语从句中的定语从句中的谓语动词是谓语动词是不及物动词不及物动词-关系代词关

22、系代词-关系副词关系副词定语从句定语从句总结总结 CONTENTS实操演练实操演练活学活用()1.The girl handed everything _ she had picked up in the street to the police.A.which B.in which C.that D.all()2._ cleans the blackboard should be praised.A.That B.Who C.The one who D.The students who()3.Please show me the book _ you bought yesterday.A.w

23、hich B.whom C.whose D.this活学活用活学活用()7.I still remember the day_I first came to BeiJing.A.which B.whom C.that D.when()8.Ill never forget the days _we spent together.A.that B.when C.where D.on that()9.The man _ was here just now is a doctor.A.whom B.who C./D.he 第三空填第三空填which(which指代前面的指代前面的the days在从句

24、中充当在从句中充当spend的宾语）的宾语）第四空填第四空填when(从句中从句中we是主语，是主语，live是谓语，是谓语，in the country是宾语，是宾语，when指代指代the days在从句中充当时间状语）在从句中充当时间状语）This is the place _(which/where)I spend my childh hood.This is the place _(which/where)I visited last summer.第一空填第一空填where(从句中从句中spend是谓语，是谓语，my childhood是宾语是宾语where代指代指the place在从句中充当地点状语）在从句中充当地点状语）第二空填第二空填which(which指代前面的指代前面的the place在从句中充当在从句中充当visit的宾语）的宾语）Ill will never forever the days _we spend together.Ill will never forever the days _ we live together in the country.