2022新人教版八年级上册《英语》阅读理解主题阅读个人生活ppt课件-.pptx

1、阅读理解阅读理解-个人生活个人生活Leading-inMany plants and animals are going extinct.Mammoths，which are related(有关联的)with Asia elephants，are now extinct.There are no mammoths in the world today.阅读理解Leading-in哎.这阅读理解可难倒老夫了，有什么阅读理解的方法和技巧呢？你要不来试试Leading-in学习目标猜测词义题知识精讲一阅读理解之 猜测词义题green hand1.猜猜下面两个词的含义：green handbig p

2、otato猜测词义题词的含义未必是表面上的，而猜词也一定要结合语境，才能找准词义哦猜测词义题green hand解释为新手，big potato解释为大人物 常见的提问方式有这几种：What does the underlined word mean?The word probably means The underlined word can be replaced(代替)by 2 提问方式：猜测词义题 （1）根据逻辑关系推测词义：在定位好猜测的词后，需要寻找上下文中是否含有一定的逻辑关系，因此要特别注意一些关键词 例如：3 解题方法：猜测词义题are no mammoths例题：题目：Ma

3、ny plants and animals are going extinct.Mammoths，which are related(有关联的)with Asia elephants，are now extinct.There are no mammoths in the world today.()1.A mammoth is a kind of _ _.A.plant B.bird C.animal D.tree()2.The word extinct means _ A.出现 B.危险 C.灭绝解析：1.关键词：elephants 答案：C2.关键词：are no mammoths 答案

4、：C猜测词义题 （2）根据上下文推测词义3 解题方法：猜测词义题are no mammoths例题：题目：Children are always boasting.They say things like“My Dads car is bigger than your Dads，”“My Mom is smarter than yours.”and“My family has more money than yours.”()1.The word“boasting”means _ _ A.骄傲 B.吹牛 C.顽皮 D.幼稚解析：1根据下文的bigger，smarter，more，可知是一种攀比

5、，吹嘘答案：B猜测词义题猜测词义题知识精讲二 阅读理解之 细节理解题你对下面的这些问题应该不会感到陌生吧？（1）According to the passage,which of the following is true?（2）According to the passage,which of the following is not mentioned（提及）?1 提问方式：细节理解题在你平时的练习中，遇到细节题，在你平时的练习中，遇到细节题，你你是如何答题的是如何答题的呢？呢？（1）审清题目 我们先来看一个小例子：你能从题目中获得什么信息呢？Around 3,400 years ago,

6、people _.A.kept chickens as wild birds in the forest of AsiaB.kept some small birds to eat their hard meatC.began to keep chickens as a kind of foodD.began to keep chickens to fight for sport2 解题步骤：细节理解题（2）定位文章 找到文章中哪一部分涉及到题目中的信息，然后在下面划线，以便以后检查。当然要迅速定位到文章，需要充分利用到题目给到的信息，比如题目中就有 3400 years ago，这是一个很重

7、要的时间信息，因此我们可以立即定位到文章。并且结合跳读的方法，可以迅速找到关键词句。细节理解题（3）对比选项 结合文章进行判断：A.kept chickens as wild birds in the forest of AsiaB.kept some small birds to eat their hard meatC.began to keep chickens as a kind of foodD.began to keep chickens to fight for sport细节理解题are no mammoths例题：What do you think of your teach

8、ers?Now，American students can say what they think on a new website!Students can rate(评定)their teachers.So far，there have been 2 million ratings for 365，000 teachers at 21，000 schools in the US and Canada.()4.Where can the students rate(评定)their teachers according to the passage？A.On a new website B.

9、At the class meeting C.In the classroom.D.Out of the school细节理解题are no mammoths例题：Key：A根据文章“Now，American students can say what they think on a new website!Students can rate(评定)their teachers.”细节理解题猜测词义题知识精讲三阅读理解之 推断题green hand导入篇uWhat can you infer（推测）from the passage？uThe writer implies（暗示）thatuWha

10、t can you conclude（推断）from the passage?uWhat will the next paragraph talk about？1 提问方式：推断题We laughed and said,“Move out of the way,Shankar!Miss Bailey is going to enter!”Miss Bailey drove in and we all rushed to offer our hands to her.But Miss Bailey looked past us all.“Will you park it for me?”she

11、asked.We looked back to see who it was and were surprised to see it was towards Shankar.“I dont think so,Miss Bailey!”stammered(结结巴巴地说)Shankar.推断题“Why?You lazy fellow!”said Miss Bailey playfully.“You dont want to help your teacher,do you?”“Of course I want to,Miss Bailey!”whispered Shankar.“But I mi

12、ght drop your cycle!”“If you drop it,you pick it up!”said the teacher with a smile.From Paragraph 2,we can learn that _.A)Miss Baileys students disliked to help her.B)Miss Bailey was going home.C)Shankar didnt believe in his ability at first.D)Shankar didnt want to help Miss Bailey.与文章内容相反文章未提及可以推断出

13、来与文章内容相反推断题2 出题陷阱：l文章中没有提及，纯属主观臆断。l是文章中的直接内容，不是根据推理得出的。l符合常识，但是不是文章所要表达的内容。l与文章内容相反。推断题3 练一练：推断题A man was looking for things of old times.One day he came to a village and found a blue bowl，which looked very old.The bowl was on the ground and a cat was drinking milk from it.A farmer，the owner of the

14、cat，was lying beside the bowl.In order not to draw the farmers attention to(吸引的注意力)the value(价值)of the bowl，the man said to him in a soft voice，“What a nice cat you have！Wont you sell it to me？”“How much would you give me for it？”the farmer opened his eyes and asked.“Twenty dollars.Would it be enoug

15、h？”3 练一练：推断题A few minutes later，the farmer agreed.After he paid the farmer，the man said，“My cat will certainly feel thirsty.May I take the bowl so that the cat can have milk？”But the farmer said，“I am sorry I cant give it to you.Thanks to the bowl，I have already sold twenty cats.”()9.Who is much cle

16、verer？A.the farmer B.the man C.both of them D.neither猜测词义题知识精讲四阅读理解之 主旨题The text is mainly about _.The main ideathe main purpose is _.What would be the best title for the text?What is the topic of the text?What does the first paragraph discuss?1 提问方式：主旨题The text is mainly about _.The main ideathe ma

17、in purpose is _.What would be the best title for the text?What is the topic of the text?What does the first paragraph discuss?The text is mainly about _.The main ideathe main purpose is _.What would be the best title for the text?What is the topic of the text?What does the first paragraph discuss?2

18、解题技巧：主旨题关注标题，首段及末段，每段的开首句在文章中反复出现的词语选项中常常有某段的段意，而不是全文的主旨选项的范围太窄或太宽，无法准确概括出文章主旨The text is mainly about _.The main ideathe main purpose is _.What would be the best title for the text?What is the topic of the text?What does the first paragraph discuss?主旨题A crow（乌鸦）wants to drink,but he cant find water

19、.He looks here and there.At last（最后），he cries（大叫）,“I can see a jar（罐子）and there is some water in it.”He tries（试图）to get the water,but he cant.“How can I get the water?”he cries,“I can put my break（鸟嘴）quite close（靠近）to it.”But still（仍然）he can not drink.“What can I do?I want to drink.”He looks here an

20、d there,then he picks up a small stone(石头)in his break and carries it to the jar of water and drops it into the jar.“Soon the water will be high in the jar,and I can drink,”says the crow.So he begins(开始)to do that until（直到）the water is high enough to drink.5.Which title（题目）do you think is the best(最

21、好)?A.A Clever(聪明的)Crow B.A thirsty Crow C.A Crow and A Jar of Water D.A Crow and Stones3 小技巧：主旨题1、以原文为依据，不参杂个人意见，要客观不要主观。要克服“我认为怎么样”的观点。2、答案是比出来的。答案不选对的，只选最好的。因为，有时候四个答案都是对的。答案不选对的，只选最好的。比答案的原则是：好的不知道的；不知道的不对的。3、注意绝对化的词。如果答案选项中出现绝对化的词，比如：all，always，never，nothing，every 等等，除非文章当中使用了该类词汇，否则，一般都要排除。4、答案

22、要避免以点带面，以偏盖全。尤其是多个选项都有道理，难以挑选正确答案的时候，要注意选择最符合题目要求的一个。5、“傻瓜”原则。文章中没有提到的就当时不知道，不要枉自猜测，自作聪明。一切以文章内容为准。4 练一练：主旨题 A mother and her young son get into a bus in a small city and sit down.The bus conductor comes to them for their money.The mother says:“I want one ticket（票）to the zoo”and gives him one yuan.T

23、he conductor looks at the small boy for a few seconds and then says to him,“How old are you,young man?”The mother begins to speak,but the conductor stops her,The boy says:“Im four at home,and two in the buses.”At last the mother has to take fifty fen out of her pocket and gives it to the conductor.4

24、 练一练：主旨题 5.From the story we can see_A.every boy must buy a ticket in the bus B.when a child is four,he must buy a ticketC.sometimes a child is more honest（诚实）than his parents D.women are not good mothers答案：C解析：整体把握题，通读全文，可知满四岁的孩子应该买半票，由此可知A、B都不对，D又以偏概全，说女人都不是好妈妈。用排除法可得选C这节课你学到了什么？这节课你学到了什么？猜测词义题细节理

25、解题提问方式：解题方法：出题陷阱：你的收获：提问方式：解题方法：出题陷阱：你的收获：这节课你学到了什么？这节课你学到了什么？推断题主旨题提问方式：解题方法：出题陷阱：你的收获：提问方式：解题方法：出题陷阱：你的收获：课后作业方法回顾阅读练习知识精讲课堂小结课堂练习1【日常生活】Most people who work in the office have a boss(老板).So do I(我也是).But my boss is a little unusual.Whats unusual about him?Its a big dog.Many men have dogs,but few

26、men bring their dogs to the office every day.My bosss dog.Robinson,is big and brown.My boss brings him to work every day.He takes the dog to meetings and he takes the dog to lunch.When there is telephone call for my boss,I always know if he is in the office.I only look under his desk.If I see someth

27、ing brown and hairy(毛绒绒的)under it,I know my boss is somewhere in the office.If there is no dog,I know my boss is out.体裁：记叙文 词数：140 难度系数：建议阅读时间：3分钟知识精讲课堂小结课堂练习1【日常生活】（）1.People _bring dogs to the office.A.usually B.often C.seldom(几乎不)D.sometimes（）2.My boss is Robinsons _.A.boss B.master C.classmate D

28、.teacher（）3.Robinson goes to meetings _ my boss.A.For B.without C.instead of(代替)D.with（）4.Robinson is always under the desk if the boss is _.A.in the office B.at meetings C.out of the office D.out of work（）5.The passage tells us the boss _ the dog very much.A.looks like B.hates(恨)C.likes D.trust(信任)

29、.知识精讲课堂小结课堂练习1【日常生活解析】【主旨大意】日常生活中有很多人喜欢宠物，但是文中的主人公却达到相当痴迷的程度上班都天天带着，开会带着，吃饭也带着。1.C由日常生活的常识可知，很少有人带狗上班 2.B 通读全文，我的BOSS是狗的主人 3.D with有“跟某人一起”的意思，例如：I go to see a film with my parents.”4.A由文章的倒数第二句可知。5.C通过整篇文章的阅读，可以判断除了C外，其他的选项都不符合原文的意思 知识精讲课堂小结课后作业2【个人情况】Jim is an English boy.He comes to China with hi

30、s father and mother.They come here to work.Jim comes here to study.He is in No.5 Middle School.He gets up early every day.He isnt late for school.He studies hard.He can read and write English well.He often helps us with our English,and we often help him with his Chinese.After class he likes playing

31、football,swimming,running,jumping and riding.He makes many friends here.We are glad to stay with him.On Sunday he often helps his mother clean the house,mend something or do the shopping.He likes Chinese food very much.He likes living here.He likes Chinese students very much.We all like him,too.体裁：记

32、叙文 词数：130 难度系数：建议阅读时间：3分钟知识精讲课堂小结课堂练习2【个人情况】根据短文内容，判断以下句子的正误。对的在括号内填“T”,错的填“F”。(10 分)()1.He gets up late every day.()2.He often teaches us English.()3.After class,he likes singing and playing basketball.()4.On Sunday he often helps his mother clean the house.()5.He doesnt like Chinese food.知识精讲课堂小结课

33、堂练习2【个人情况解析】【主旨大意】简单介绍了生活在中国的英国男孩吉姆的个人信息以及他的学习生活中的爱好。1.F 细节判断题，由He gets up early every day.可知错误。2.T 推理判断题，由He often helps us with our English,可知正确。3.F 细节判断题，由After class he likes playing football,swimming,running,jumping and riding.可知错误。4.T 细节判断题，由第二段第四行可知。5.F 细节判断题，由第二段最后一句可知。口语互动请你用英文介绍一下自己知识精讲课堂小

34、结课堂练习3【人际关系】There are many people in the bus.Some have seats,but some have to(不得不)stand.An old man hears the door and tries(试着)to stand up.“Oh,no,thank you,”the woman forces(强迫)him back to the seat.“Please dont do that.I can stand.”“But,madam(夫人),let me,”says the man.“I ask you to keep your seat(坐在你

35、的座位上)，”the woman says.She puts(放)her hands on the old mans shoulder(肩膀).But the man still(仍然)tries to stand up,“Madam,will you please let me?”“Oh,no,”says the woman.She again(又)forces the man back.At last(最后)the old man shouts(大声喊),“I wants to get off(下车)the bus!”体裁：记叙文 词数：102 难度系数：建议阅读时间：4分钟知识精讲课堂小

36、结课后作业3【个际关系】()1.All the people have seats in the bus.()2.An old man gets on the bus at a bus stop.()3.The old man wants to give his seat to the woman.()4.The woman sits the old mans seat.()5.The old man wants to get off the bus.知识精讲课堂小结课堂练习3【个际关系解析】【主旨大意】乘车时给老年人让座是我们中西方共有的优良传统。但是文中的这人做事有点鲁莽，好心办了一件坏事

37、。1 细节判断题，由 Some have seats,but some have to(不得不)stand.可知。2 At a bus stop,a woman gets on the bus.可知。3 细节判断题，由文章最后一句可知The old man想要下车而非让座。4 整体把握题，通读全文，老人想下车，却一直没能站起来。5 细节判断题，由文章最后一句可知知识精讲课堂小结课堂练习4【家庭，朋友】体裁：记叙文 词数：144 难度系数：建议阅读时间：3分钟Tom likes fish very much.He often buys some fish in the shop and take

38、s it home.But when his wife sees the fish,she says to herself,“Good!I can ask my friends to have lunch,and we can eat the fish.They like fish very much.”So when Tom comes home in the evening,the fish is not there and his wife always says,“Oh,your cat eats it”And she gives Tom some bread for his supp

39、er.Tom is very angry.He takes the cat and his wife to the shop near his house and weighs(称重)the cat.Then he turns to his wife and says,“My fish weigh one kilo（公斤）.This cat weighs one,too.My fish is here,you see,then where is my cat?”知识精讲课堂小结课堂练习4【家庭，朋友】1.()eats the fish.A.Mr Tom B.Mrs Tom C.The cat

40、D.Her fiends2,What does Mrs Tom do with the fish?A.She eats the fish before Tom comes backB.She asks her friends to come to eat the fish with herC.She puts the fish in the fridge（冰箱）and waits for her husbandD.She cooks the fish for Tom 知识精讲课堂小结课堂练习4【家庭，朋友】3.Mr Tom weighs()in the shop with his wife.A

41、.the fish B.the cat C.his wife D.his friend4.How much fish does Tom often buy?A.one kilo B.two kilo C.three kilo D.four kilo5.Tom likes()very much.A.cat B.his wife C.fish D.his friends知识精讲课堂小结课堂练习4【家庭，朋友解析】【主旨大意】汤姆喜欢鱼，他经常去商店里买鱼带回家，却很少能吃到。为什么呢？因为他的妻子与朋友们一起分享了鱼。汤姆追问时，他的妻子总是推说是猫吃掉了。1 D 细节判断题，由第一段可知，Mrs

42、 Tom经常请她的朋友们一起来吃鱼。2 B 细节推理题，由第一段推知，Mrs Tom请她的朋友们一起来吃鱼。3 B 细节判断题，由He takes the cat and his wife to the shop near his house and weighs(称重)the cat.可知4 A 细节判断题，由My fish weigh one kilo（公斤）.可知5 C 细节判断题，由文章第一句Tom likes fish very much.可知知识精讲课堂小结课堂练习5【个人情感】体裁：记叙文 词数：149 难度系数：建议阅读时间：4分钟One day the famous Amer

43、ican scientist Albert Einstein(著名的美国科学家爱因斯坦)came across（碰到）an old friend of his in a street in New York.“Mr Einstein”said the friend“It seems that you need to have a new overcoat.Look how worn-out it is?”“It does not matter,”answered Albert Einstein,“Nobody knows me here in New York”Several years la

44、ter,they met in New York again.Einstein had became a world famous physicist（物理学家）then.But he still wore（wear过去式）the same old overcoat.Once more his friend tried to persuade（劝）him to buy a new one.“There is no need now”said Einstein.“Everyone here knows me”知识精讲课堂小结课堂练习5【个人情感】1.Where did Einstein meet

45、 his friend for the first time?A.America B.China C.Japan D.New York2.-Why did his friend say“you need to have a new overcoat”?-Because his overcoat was too()A.new B.long C.short D.old3.-Why did Einstein say“Nobody knows me here in New York”?-Because at that time he was not()A.happy B.boring C.satisf

46、ied D.famous 知识精讲课堂小结课堂练习5【个人情感】4.After(),Einstein and his friend met again.A.three days B.some months C.several hours D.several years5.From this article we can find Einstein is a()person.A.rich B.poor C.famous D.simple知识精讲课堂小结课堂练习5【个人情感解析】【主旨大意】著名的美国科学家爱因斯坦在纽约的街头遇到一位老朋友。老朋友劝他去买一件新的衣服，爱因斯坦说“没必要，这里没人

47、认识我”。几年后，爱因斯坦成名了，但仍然穿着那件破衣服。朋友们不止一次的劝他买件新的。爱因斯坦说“没必要，这里人人认识我”。1.D 细节判断题，由第一段可知。2.D 细节推理题，由生活常识以及文中Look how worn-out it is?”可知衣服很破了。3.D 细节理解题，由后文中提到的Einstein had became a world famous physicist（物理学家）then，说明第一次见到爱因斯坦时他还未出名。4.D 细节判断题，由第四段可知。5.D 整体理解题，通读全文可知，爱因斯坦穿着朴素，是一个简朴的人。课堂小结课堂练习课后作业体裁：记叙文 词数：107 难度

48、系数：建议阅读时间：3分钟【1学校生活】Tom is a lovely boy.He likes playing football very much.He often comes back between 4p.m and 5p.m.One day he comes back late.His mother says“you come back home late today,Tom”.“Yes,we have a new teacher,.He is a math teacher,”Tom answers.“How is he?”His mother asks “I dont know,I

49、 think I cant believe him”“How is that”his mother says.“One moment he says two and three is five and the next moment he says one and four is five”课堂小结课堂练习课后作业【1学校生活】1.Tom comes home()today.A.at 4p.m B.At 4:30 p.m C.At 5p.m D.after 5p.m2.Tom comes home late because()A.he plays football B.he plays bas

50、kedballC.he studies math D.we dont know3.The sentence“How is that”means()A.How can you say that B.Your teacher is rightC.Tell me more about that D.How do you feel课堂小结课堂练习课后作业【1学校生活】4.Who is right?A.Tom B.Teacher C.None D.mother5.Which of the following sentence is right?A.The teacher is wrong B.Tom i