2022新人教版八年级上册《英语》形容词用法ppt课件-.pptx

1、G O2 0192 0 1 9.12.X形容词形容词AdjectiveCONTENTS01.形容词的用法02.形容词的级别PART ONE形容词用法用来对名词或某些代词在性质、特征或状态等方面加以修饰的词。e.g.long,empty,cheap,hungry,etc.长的 空的 便宜的 饿的 在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语等成分概念.的1.通常放在名词之前a blue cap a big orange形容词既可修饰单数也可修饰复数a red strawberry three red strawberries2.可以放在 be 动词之后This suit is yellow.The apple

2、 is red.The apples are red.These suits are yellow.外观:long,strong,big,round,fat,beautiful,old等性质:good,clean,new,fresh,soft,excellent等颜色:red,black,green,blue,white等性格:kind,cruel,honest,foolish,lazy,rude等状况:careful,blind,deaf,cheap,hungry等评论:great,true,necessary,difficult,wrong等性质形容词关系形容词地域:Chinese,Ame

3、rican,Asian等质料:wooden,golden,plastic,metallic(金属的,含金属的)等科技:electric,chemical,medical等意识:social,political,religious等行业:industrial,agricultural,economic,military等形容词构成-ing形容词 修饰物 这类形容词多由及物动词变成intersting 有趣的 pleasing 令人高兴的 worring 令人担心的tiring令人疲惫的 alarming使人惊动的 amazing令人惊奇的boring 无聊的 exciting 令人兴奋的 rel

4、axing 令人轻松的-ed形容词 修饰人 大多数-ed形容词都以及物动词有关，是由它们的过去分词变过来的，一般有被动意义多数为品质的形容词interested有趣的 pleased高兴的 worried忧虑的Tired疲倦的 frightened害怕的 surprised 惊奇的 troubled麻烦的 Exercise1.Mr.Smith,_ of the _ speech,started to read a novel.A.tired;boring B.tiring;bored C.tired;bored D.tiring;boring2.It is believed that if a

5、 book is _,it will surely _ the reader.A.interested;interest B.interesting,be interested C.interested;be interesting D.interesting;interest3.Im very_ on hearing the_ news.Asurprised,surprising Bsurprising,surprised Csurprised,surprised Dsurprising,surprising表语形容词：afraid 害怕的害怕的 alive 活着的活着的 alone 单独的

6、单独的 ill有病的有病的 awake 醒着的醒着的 glad 高兴的高兴的 asleep 睡着的睡着的 fine 健康的健康的 -与定冠词一起表示某一类人或物eg.The rich and the poor live very different lives.富有的人和贫穷的人过着不同的生活。名词+ful（满的、全部）VS less（少的、完全不）变形容词care +ful help helpful有用的 helpless无助的careful 小心的 +less careless粗心的use useful 有益的 useless无效的forget forgetful健忘的color colo

7、rful多彩的 colorless无色的peace peaceful和平的 peaceless不平静的harm harmful有害的 harmless 无害的无害的形容词简单形容词：由单个词构成复合形容词：由两个或两个以上词构成cold-blooded(冷血的)darkblue（深蓝的）goodlooking（好看的）newborn（新生的）hard-working（勤劳的）well-known（著名的）hard-breaking（令人心碎的）man-made（人造的）eight-year-old（八岁的）snowwhite（雪白的）名词+y变形容词 rain rainy luck lucky

8、 cloud cloudy noise noisy（以e结尾，去e，加-y）snow snowy sun sunny（双写，加-y）wind windy ice icy fog foggy名词+ly变形容词 Friend friendly 友好的 dead deadly致命的 love lovely可爱的 lone lonely孤独的 like likely可能的 live lively活泼的 brother brotherly兄弟般的形容词用法作表语作定语宾语补足语状语The story was very interesting.A.My hometown is a beautiful vi

9、llage.B.A lark is a bird good at singing.C.Tom seems ill.Are you sure its nothing serious?A.His failing in the eaxm made his father sad.B.Please keep the room cleanA.Large or small,all countries are equal.B.They start the experiment,hopeful for success.做表语作表语，与系动词连用。如：The classroom is clean.The tree

10、s turn green in spring.感官系动词：感官系动词：look,taste,smell,sound,feel,seem,become,get,turn,go 等等The cake tastes delicious.做定语作定语，一般放在名词之前,复合不定代词 something，anything，nothing，everything 等之后。Is there anything interesting in the film？eg.Its a sunny day today.做宾语补足语形容词和宾语一起构成复合宾语We must keep the classroom clean.

11、He made us happy.Colour it green.做状语作状语，表示伴随、原因、结果等。eg.He went to bed,cold and hungry.She came home sick.特殊用法1.形容词后置：A.修饰some,any,no,every 等构成的复合不定代词要后置。something new;nothing serious;anything interestingB.else 修饰不定代词和疑问代词时，要后置。Nobody else is late for school.特殊用法1.形容词后置：C.以 a-开头的形容词做定语要后置。alike,alive

12、,alone,asleep,afraid,awake He is the only man awake at that time.D.某些形容词，如:present(在场的，出席的),involved(有关的),concerned(相关的),left(剩下 的),mentioned (提及的),selected(当选的)等。the students present(出席的学生)the cost involved (所需费用)Can you believe that in _ a rich country there should be _ many poor people?A.such,suc

13、h B.such,so C.so,so D.so,such特殊用法2.so和such的用法A:基本用法：基本用法：such+n./n.p.;so+adj./adv.B:修饰可数名词单数，so 和such可以互换；如：so good a student，such a good studentC:so 可加 many,much,few,little 等，而such不能。如：so many people,so little water3.多个形容词作定语时的排列顺序常用顺序为:限定词-外观-形状-年龄-颜色-国家-材料.县（限）定词:（所、冠、物、指、数）官（观）外观和描绘性：多为表主观看法的形容词

14、行（形）（大小、长短、形状、高低、方圆等）令（龄）指年龄、新、旧等宴（颜）指颜色的词国（国）指国籍的词才（材）指材料、种类的词E.g .The first beautiful large long new red Chinese concrete bridge.一个漂亮的崭新中国式陶瓷大花瓶。Exercise1.The _ house smells as if it hasnt been lived in for years.A.little white wooden B.little wooden white C.white wooden little D.wooden white litt

15、le2.John Smith,a successful businessman,has a _ car.A.large German white B.large white German C.white large German D.German large white3._ students are required to take part in the boat race.A.Ten strong young ChineseB.Ten Chinese strong young C.Chinese ten young strong D.Yong strong ten ChinesePART

16、 TWO形容词级别直接加-er-er,-est:-est:youngyoung clever braveclever brave young younger er clevercleverer er bravebraver r youngyoungestest clever cleverest est bravebravestst辅音字母 +y y 结尾的变 y y 为 i i 再加 -er-er、-est:-est:happy early heavyhappy early heavy happ happi ierer earlearli ier er heavheavi ierer happ

17、 happi iest est earlearli iest est heavheavi iestest1.1.规则形容词的比较级和最高级（规则形容词的比较级和最高级（4 4种种）fastfasterfastestyoungyoungeryoungest以一个辅音字母(ww、y y、r r 除外)结尾的重读闭音节词，先双写这一辅音字母再加-er-er、-est-est fat thin hot slowfat thin hot slow fat fatt terer thinthinn ner er hothott ter er slowslowerer fat fatt test est t

18、hinthinn nest est hothott test est slowslowestest 多音节词和派生的双音节词前加 moremore、most most beautifulbeautiful expensive expensive moremore beautiful beautiful moremore expensive expensive mostmost beautiful beautiful mostmost expensive expensive 反向比较加 lessless、least least lessless expensiveexpensive 1)good

19、 wellbetterbetterbestbest2)bad2)bad ill illworseworseworstworst4)many4)many much muchmoremoremostmost5)little5)littlelesslessleastleast2.2.不规则的形容词、副词的级要特殊记。不规则的形容词、副词的级要特殊记。3)old3)oldolderolderelderelderoldestoldesteldesteldest6)far6)farfartherfartherfurtherfurtherfarthestfarthestfurthestfurthest1.o

20、ld _ 2.busy _ 3.thin _ 4.many _ 5.slow _ 6.well_ 7.bright _ 8.lazy_ 9.safe _ 10.bad_ 11.delicious _12.sad _ more delicious、most deliciousbusier、busiestthinner、thinnestslower、slowestmore、mostolder、oldestelder、eldestbrighter、brightestlazier、laziestsafer、safestworse、worstbetter、bestsadder、saddestExerci

21、seExercisehealthymanyfamousillexcitingcarefullywet hotlittlefewhealthier healthiestmore mostmore famous most famousworse worstmore exciting most excitingmore carefully most carefullywetter wettesthotter hottestless leastfewer fewest形容词级别具体用法形副原级用法1.肯定 as adj./adv.原级 as 2.否定 not as (so)adj./adv.原级 as

22、3.倍数 倍数 as adj./adv.原级 as 倍数 the size(height,length,width)ofe.g.1.Jack is as tall as Tom.2.This building looks not so(as)high as that one.3.This room is three times as large as that one.Exercise1.Our neighbour has _ ours.A.as a big house as B.as big a house as C.the same big house as D.a house the s

23、ame big as 2.I think English is as as maths.A.important B.more important C.most important 3.-Its so hot today.-It surely is.Its _yesterday.A.two degrees hotter than B.two degrees as hotter as C.two degree hotter than D.as two degrees hot as 修饰比较级的修饰语常见的有 rather,much,still,even,far,any,a lot,a little

24、,a great deal,by far,a bit,three times等等.E.g.A car runs much faster than a bike.形容词比较级Exercise1.Although Linda tried hard in the exam,she did _ than her brother.A.more badly B.much better C.much badly D.much worse 2.This problem is harder than that one.A.very B.much C.more D.many3.The next morning J

25、enny got up even .A.early B.earlier C.earliest D.the earliest1)双方比较，表示一方超过另一方时，用“A+系动词（程度副词）+比较级than+B”的结构 e.g.This picture is more beautiful than that one.形容词比较级Exercise1.This jacket is smaller than that one but its .A.expensive B.more expensive C.most expensive D.the most expensive2.The population

26、 of Japan is than that of China.A.fewer B.smaller C.larger D.more3.The bread is _ than these cakes A.very delicious B.much delicious C.more delicious D.as delicious4.My mooncake is nicer his.A.like B.with C.for D.than 2)“A+系动词+比较级than any other+B(名词单数)”“A+系动词+比较级than the other+B(名词复数)”e.g.Tom is tal

27、ler than any other boy in his class.Tom is taller than the other boys in his class.形容词比较级Exercise1.Russia is larger than country in the world.Aany other Banother Cthe other Dany2.Tom is more careful than any in his class.A.boy B.other boys C.boys D.other boy 3)不与其他事物 相比，表示本身程度的改变时，用“比较级 and+比较级”结构。I

28、 find the price of house is more and more expensive.The weather is getting colder and colder.形容词比较级Exercise1.Our country has become in the past 20 years.A.more and more rich and strong B.more richer and more stronger C.more rich and more strong D.richer and stronger2.The noise is getting_ and _.Abig

29、ger,biggest Bbigger,bigger Cheavier,heaviest Dheavier,heavier3.The girl becomes _ _.A more and more beautiful B more beautiful and more beautiful C beautiful and beautiful D beautifuler and beautifuler 4）表示两者之间的选择，可使用 “Which/Who+比较级，or?”Which river is longer,the Yangtse River or the Yellow River?形容词

30、比较级Exercise1.Which does Jimmy like ,Chinese or Art?A.well B.best C.better D.much2.Which subject is _,physics or chemistry?A.Interesting B.most interesting C.More interesting D.the most interesting 5）表示一方随另一方的程度而变化时，用“the+比较级（主语谓语）the+比较级（主语谓语）”结构（越.越）The harder he works,the happier he feels.形容词比较级Ex

31、ercise1.The harder you work,_.A.the greater progress youll make B.the greater youll make progress C.youll make the greater progress D.youll make greater progress2.As far as I am concerned,education is about learning and the more you learn,_.A.the more for life are you equipped B.the more equipped fo

32、r life you are C.the more life you are equipped for D.you are equipped the more for life6）主语）主语+be+the比较级比较级of the two名词名词=of the two.,主语主语+be+比较级比较级The taller of the two boys is my brother.Of the two boys,the taller is my brother.这两个男孩中较高的是我弟弟。这两个男孩中较高的是我弟弟。形容词比较级Exercise1.of the two women is Mrs B

33、rown.A.The beautiful B.The more beautiful C.More beautiful D.The most beautiful7)表示一方不及另一方时，用“less+原级 than”结构 This room is less beautiful than that one.形容词比较级修饰最高级的修饰语常见的有 by far(到目前为止；显然，明显地到目前为止；显然，明显地),nearly,almost,by no means(绝不绝不),not really,not quite（不完全地）和（不完全地）和 序数词序数词.E.g.1).The bridge bei

34、ng built now is by far the longest across the Yellow River.2).Id like to buy the second most expensive camera.形容词最高级三者或三者以上相比，表示最高程度时，1）主语+系动词+the+最高级+in+范围/of+成员 e.g.YaoMing is the tallest player in HoustonRockets.YaoMing is the tallest player of his teammates.形容词最高级Exercise1.The Chang jiang River

35、is one of in the world.A.the longest river B.longest rivers C.the longest rivers D.longer rivers2.July and August are the months in a year.A.hot B.hotter C.hotest D.hottest3.I think Yao ming the famous basketball player,he will be _ new Star in NBA A.hot B.hotter C.hottest D.the hottest 三者或三者以上相比，表示

36、最高程度时，2）主语+系动词+one of the+最高级+名词复数，“最.之一”e.g.Jay Chou is one of the most popular singers.形容词最高级三者或三者以上相比，表示最高程度时，3）the+序数词+最高级+单数名词，“第个最”e.g.The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.形容词最高级Exercise1.Beijing is _ biggest cities in China.A.the first B.one of C.the second D.second2.Hainan i

37、s a very large Island.It is the second _ island in china A.large B.larger C.largest D.most largest4)Who/Which+is+the+最高级最高级,A，B or C?Which city is the most beautiful,Beijing,Shanghai or Wuhan?说明：此句型中的or不可改为and。形容词最高级5)5)表示“最高程度”的形容词，如 excellent,extreme,perfect等 没有最高级，也没有比较级。6）形容词最高级修饰作表语或介词宾语的名词、代词

38、时，被修饰的的词往往省略。如：He is the tallest in his class.形容词最高级Exercise1.Of all the stars the sun is to us.A.close B.closer C.closest D.the closest2.William Shakespeare is one of play writers in England.A.great B.greater C.greatest D.the greatest3.The Chang jiang River is one of in the world.A.the longest rive

39、r B.longest rivers C.the longest rivers D.longer riversExercise4.Mother is in my family.A.busy B.busier C.the busiest D.more busy5.Chinais_countryintheworld.A.thethirdlargestB.thelargestthird C.thethirdlarge D.athirdlargest6.Englishisoneof_spokenintheworld.A.theimportantlanguages B.themostimportantlanguages C.mostimportantlanguage D.themostimportantlanguageL OG O2 0192 0 1 9.X.XThank youThank you