英文论文的结构课件.ppt

1、1 英语论文的结构 机电工程学院机电工程学院 唐唐 荣荣 年年2Construction guidelines Title Abstract Introduction Methods Results References Tables and figures31.Title Be short,accurate,and unambiguous Give your paper a distinct personality Begin with the subject of the studyTips：（1）Careful&Meaningful （2）Dont begin with Studies

2、on.，Investigation on 4(1)A study of the structural series in the Tl-Ca-Ba-Cu-O superconducting system(2)Formation mechanism of H2Ti3O7 nanotubes(3)Surface structural chemistry of high Tc superconductors by HREM(4)Direct preparation of nanoporous carbon by nanocasting(5)Synthesis,structure solution,c

3、haracterization and catalytic properties of TNU-10:a high-silica zeolite with the STI topology5(1)The title is the only part of your paper most people will read-make it clear,concise and informative;(2)Actual findings should be described with claims that can be supported(3)It should be catchy/memora

4、ble(4)The title is a label,not a sentence6(1)Student first,supervisor second(2)An author of a paper should be defined as one who takes intellectual responsibility for the research results being reported(3)Give credit where it is due.It does not cost anything,and it creates friends.Science is more of

5、 a social activity than you might think(4)Authors affiliations and corresponding authorThe list of Authors7 The abstract is vitally important-without doubt the most important 200-300 words in the paper Never forget that the abstract is often the only thing readers will read from your paper.Pay atten

6、tion to it!Make it very concise,clear-cut,easy to read.Avoid technical terms or complicated reasoning2.Abstract use short sentences work is written in past tense use active voiceThis paperThis study8Should include:Purposes,Procedures,Methods,Results,Conclusions Should answer:What I want to do?How I

7、did it?What results did I get?What conclusions can I draw?What is new and original in this paper?9Tips:First 1-2 sentences:introduction to the concept Next 1-2 sentences:the system and the specific question Next x sentences,a brief summary of the results Final 1-2 sentences:conclusion10Notice:Typed

8、as a single paragraph No abbreviations/or citations Eliminate or minimize background information Avoid repeating the title or part of the title in the first sentence of the abstract Limit the abstract to new information dont use commentary words(satisfying,most)11This investigation was performed to

9、see if the aluminum in pop cans(易拉罐)and aluminum cookware enters the liquid they contain.It was hypothesized that aluminum does enter the liquids in aluminum cans and cookware.This experiment was performed by testing seven different types of carbonated beverages and water boiled in aluminum cookware

10、 for three hours.Every hour a sample was removed for testing.The cookware consisted of a new and old aluminum pot.The colorimetric method was used to determine the concentration of aluminum.The results showed that aluminum was present in carbonated beverages and in the water boiled in the cookware.I

11、t was concluded that aluminum existed in carbonated beverages and substances cooked in aluminum cookware,and that the concentration of aluminum increased with time.12Objectives,purpose,hypotheses.Methods,materials,procedures .Results,data,observations,discussion.Conclusions.Journal example:13Confere

12、nce example:solved:Objectives of this study,hypothesis:.Methods,materials,procedures:.Results,data,observations,discussion:.Conclusions:.14Dissertation example:Background,problems that need to be solved,rationale for the present study.Objectives and scope of this study.Outline of the main contents a

13、nd results.Conclusions:.15 What is known What is not known Why we did this study3.Introduction16 No more than 3 pages A bad beginning makes a bad ending(Correct writing)call attention to the specific subject,define the problem(Not too much)provide background and present the study results Should not

14、be(too)technical list the structure of your research project and what you plan to present in your paper17Tips:the way to induce the problem The deficiency of Wangs approach is The problem of these papers However,the mechanism has not been fully understood.None of the other phases have been examined

15、in detail.Carefully choose Word for the first time,most,.proved dont copy other papers introductions184.Methods Participants Measurements Outcomes and explanatory variables Statistical methods19 Sufficient detail so that work can be repeated Describe new methods in detail-the degree of replication a

16、nd sensitivityCite the accepted method briefly using referenceIf a published method is modified,such modifications must be described in detailStatistical analysis of data if appropriateask a colleague if he/she can follow the methodologySince your procedures have been completed report them using pas

17、t tense20 Sample characteristics Univariate analyses Bivariate analyses Multivariate analyses5.Results21 Generally does NOT include explanations or discussion of the results Table and figure legends should be accompanied with sufficient information for main point Table and figure should be able to s

18、tand alone All tables and figures must be numbered in the order in which they are mentioned in the text Numerical data with the correct number of significant digits226.References All citations must be accurate Include only the most important,most rigorous,and most recent literature Quote only publis

19、hed journal articles or books(conference)Never quote second hand23 Dont put all citations at the end of sentences Dont quote yourself work too much Dont copy(direct or indirect,table and figure)Comply with“Instructions to authors”Cite only 20-35 references(Journal,Conference paper,dissertation)247.T

20、able and Figure A good figure is worth a thousand words.No more than six tables or figures Use Table 1 for sample characteristics Put most important findings in a figure25Acknowledgments Technical assistance Advice on research or manuscript Gifts of materials Assistance in preparing manuscript Financial assistance