《大学英语翻译教程 第四版》课件第十七单元.ppt
- 【下载声明】
1. 本站全部试题类文档,若标题没写含答案,则无答案;标题注明含答案的文档,主观题也可能无答案。请谨慎下单,一旦售出,不予退换。
2. 本站全部PPT文档均不含视频和音频,PPT中出现的音频或视频标识(或文字)仅表示流程,实际无音频或视频文件。请谨慎下单,一旦售出,不予退换。
3. 本页资料《《大学英语翻译教程 第四版》课件第十七单元.ppt》由用户(momomo)主动上传,其收益全归该用户。163文库仅提供信息存储空间,仅对该用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对上传内容本身不做任何修改或编辑。 若此文所含内容侵犯了您的版权或隐私,请立即通知163文库(点击联系客服),我们立即给予删除!
4. 请根据预览情况,自愿下载本文。本站不保证下载资源的准确性、安全性和完整性, 同时也不承担用户因使用这些下载资源对自己和他人造成任何形式的伤害或损失。
5. 本站所有资源如无特殊说明,都需要本地电脑安装OFFICE2007及以上版本和PDF阅读器,压缩文件请下载最新的WinRAR软件解压。
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 大学英语翻译教程 第四版 大学英语翻译教程 第四版课件第十七单元 大学 英语翻译 教程 第四 课件 第十七 单元
- 资源描述:
-
1、商务函件的常识与翻译 17.1 英文商务函件的常识 17.2 英文商务函的翻译17.1 英文商务函件的常识 17.1.1 商务信函的格式 17.1.2 商务信函的结构17.1.1 商务信函的格式 现代英文商务信函一般均打字,并且有一定的格式,主要分为三种:(1)缩行式(indented form)(2)平头式(block form)(3)折衷式(semi-block form)(1)缩行式(indented form)将日期置于信的右上角,签名在信的正下方的中间偏右;封内地址的第二行及后续行都比前一行缩进二至三个字母;此外,信的正文每段开头一般也缩进三至五个字母(同一封信中缩进的字母数应一致,
2、如要缩三个都三个,缩五个都五个)。采用缩进式,能使整封信看起来平衡美观。例如:15th March,2000 Messrs.Grinnell Corporation 234 Park Ave.,New York,N.Y.U.S.A.Dear Sirs:I am sorry to learn from your letter of 5th March of the difficulty in which the bankruptcy of an important customer has placed you.I should like to say at one that we fully
3、understand your wish for an extension of time and would very much like to help you.Unfortunately,we cannot do so because of commitments we ourselves must meet by the end of this month.Your request is not at all unreasonable and had we been able to grant it would gladly have done so,but as matters st
4、and I am afraid we must ask you to settle with us on the terms of payment originally agreed.Yours faithfully,Dick Butler(2)平头式(block form)信上的所有文字,包括日期和签名,都从信的左边开始,一律不缩行。各段之间空二行,以示分段。每行对齐,成一垂直线,因此这种格式也称作垂直式。采用这种格式,打字时就免除了在另启一段时计算左边应留空格的麻烦。例如:Allen Incorporation 1470 St.Louis Street Los Angweles,CA 90
5、015 U.S.A.May 15,2000 Dear Sirs:We thank you for your order of May 5 for electric shavers,but regret that we cannot supply them immediately owing to a fire in our factory.We are making every effort to resume production and fully expect to be able to deliver the shavers by the end of this month.Meanw
6、hile,we apologize for the delay and trust it will not cause you serious inconvenience.Sincerely,David Armstrong(3)折衷式(semi-block form)亦称混合式,综合采用了上述两种格式。这种格式的信头、封内地址、日期和结束敬语的书写位置与缩行式基本相同,只是不需要逐行缩进成斜向排列;正文每段开头也无须缩行。例如:Diadem Office Supplies Ltd.Star Chamber,119-125 Cambridge Road,Reading,England 1st N
7、ovember,1999 Messrs.Mich&Mclean,Inc.453 Carnedie Ave.Kenilworth,N.T.U.S.A.Dear Sirs:On the 23rd September last we sent you an order for toys,acknowledged by you on the 30th of the same month.Since then we have had no word from you as to the execution of this order.This is putting us to great inconve
8、nience,as,of course,the toys are required for sale during the festive season,and our shop display is being held up on this account.We therefore write definitely to inform you that,if the cases of toys do not arrive here by the 25th November,we shall refuse delivery of the order,as after that date th
9、ey will be useless to us.We trust that you will be at least able to effect delivery of part of our order by the date stipulated.Yours very truly,Henry Smith Manager17.1.2 商务信函的结构 英文商务信函一般由以下八个部分构成:(1)信头;(2)日期;(3)封内地址;(4)称呼;(5)正文;(6)结尾礼辞;(7)签名;(8)其它。下面分项简要地加以介绍。(1)信头(letterhead):信头大多事先印好在信纸上端中央部位,包括发
10、信人的公司行号名称、地址以及电话号码、电报挂号、传真号码、经营的业务范围、主管人的姓名与职称,等等。假如不用印有现成信头的信纸,一般须将发信人的姓名、地址打有信纸的右上角,也就是位于日期的上面。一般说来,英文商务信函只在第一页信纸印上或打上信头。如果一页信纸不够,那么续页则无须用带信头的信纸,而只需在续页上端打上页数、收信人名称与日期。(2)日期(date line):日期应位于距信头以下三至六行处,或在寄信人名称及地址的下面。采用缩行式的信,日期一般打在信头下的右上角,在平头式的信中则打在左上角。常见的日期写法分“英式”和“美式”两种:(i)英式:25th May,2000 或 25 May
11、,2000 (ii)美式:May 25th,2000 或 May 25,2000 关于商务函件日期的写法,以下几点尤其值得注意:(i)年份应完整写出,不要用 00 代替 2000;(ii)月份应当用英文拼出或采用公认的缩写式:January(Jan.),February (Feb.),March(Mar.),April(Apr.),August(Aug.),September(Sep.),October(Oct.),November(Nov.),December(Dec.);而 May,June,July 不足五个字母,不能缩写;(iii)在年份与月日之间须用逗号相隔;(iv)日期不能全部采用
12、阿拉伯数字书写,否则会引起歧义,如 8/9/1999 或 8.9.1999 按照英国英语的习惯应当理解为1999年9月8日,但按照美国英语则是1999年8月9日。因此,应避免这种日期表达法。(3)封内地址(inside address):包括收信人的姓名和地址。收信人的姓名和地址尽管已经在信封上写明,但商务信函一般要求在信纸是再写一遍。封内地址通常打在信纸的左边,低于发信日期两行。有时也将封内地址打在信的末端的左边,低于签名两行处。封内地址的格式也分缩行式和平头式两种,但在同一封信中应与信头的格式保持一致。此外,在写封内地址时还应注意以下几点:(i)姓名前的礼节性称呼,使用时应当根据英美的习惯
13、确定:如 Mr.冠于男士的姓氏前,Mrs.用于已婚女士,Miss 用于未婚女士,Ms.则不论婚否通用于女性。Messrs.(Messieurs)作为 Mr.的复数形式一般仅用于人的姓名构成的公司名称之前(如 Messrs.William Jones&Co.,Ltd.)Mmes.(Mesdames)作为 Mrs.的复数形式,用于 由妇女组成的公司、社团等名称前;(ii)收信人公司或行号等名称的写法,包括前面是否加定冠词 the,是用&还是用 and,是用 Co.还是用 Company,都应当按照收信人的习惯,发信人不宜随意确定、擅自更改;(iii)英汉地址写法的顺序正好相反,汉语的地址由大到小,
14、而英语则从小到大(依次为门牌号、街道名、区名、城市名,最后为国名)。(4)称呼(salutation):商务信函开头都有称呼,通常位于封内地址下数两行,左边顶格,并自成一行。常见的称呼包括:Dear Sirs,Dear Madam,My Dear Sir,Dear Mr.Blare,My Dear Mrs.Armstrong,Gentlemen:等等。英文商务函件中称呼的使用需要注意几点:(i)英美在称呼的使用上不尽相同,如英国人多用 Dear Sirs,而美国人常用Gentlemen;英国人在称呼后一般用逗号,而美国人则常用冒号;(ii)Gentlemen 作称呼语只用复数形式,通常不用Ge
15、ntleman或Dear Gentleman;(iii)倘若不能确定阅信人的性别,则可用 Dear Madam or Sir;若信是写给具体某个人,如写给 Franklin 先生,则可用 Dear Mr.Franklin;(iv)称呼女士,无论已婚还是未婚,都统称 Dear Madam,通常不用Dear Miss。(5)正文(body of the letter):商务信函的正文是其主体,是整封信最重要的部分。正文应在称呼下两面三刀行开始,商务函件的正文通常开宗明义,内容简明扼要,条理清晰、层次分明。一般要根据写信者所要表达的中心思想分段。正文每段的文字不宜过长,尤其是开头和结尾两段,更以简短
16、为宜。正文开始与结束虽然没有固定的写法,但却有一套英美商务信函习惯使用的表达方法,可以依据信函的具体目的和内容选用。下面列举一些信函正文开始与结束的常用语句:(i)商务函件信文常用起始语:a.We are pleased to acknowledge receipt of your favour of the 3rd May.b.We have to acknowledge receipt of your favour of the 1st June.c.Your esteemed favour of 9th April was received by us.d.Your favour of
17、the 6th May is duly to hand.e.We are in due receipt ofr your letter dated the 8th July.f.We have duly received your favour of the 4th March.g.We are obliged for your letter of the 10th August.h.I have the pleasure of stating,in answer to your inquiry of the 4th May,that.i.In reply to your letter of
18、the 6th of September,I have to inform you that(of).j.We are in receipt of yours of the 16th July,in reply to which we are pleased to state that.k.In response to your letter of 1st March,I wish to say that.l.In answer to your favour of the 4th April regarding.,I reply as follows:m.We are pleased to h
19、ave this opportunity of reminding you that (of).n.We take the advantage of this opportunity to bring before your notice.o.Please allow us to call your attention to.p.We thank you very much for your inquiry of the 1st October.q.We are very much obliged by your enquiry dated the 1st October.r.In accor
展开阅读全文