过去分词作定语和表语1课件.ppt

1、The Past Participle(1)as the Attributive and Predicative Unit 1 GrammarUnit 1 GrammarPolluted air and water are harmful to our health.She looked very excited.Im going to have my hair cut.Seen form the hill,the park looks very nice.predicative表语attribute定语object complement宾补adverbial状语 a lighted cand

2、le一支点燃的蜡烛一支点燃的蜡烛a used stamp一枚用过的邮票一枚用过的邮票Translationa broken coin一枚破损的硬币一枚破损的硬币一名退休教师一名退休教师a retired teacheran injured finger一个受伤的手一个受伤的手指指一个醉一个醉鬼鬼a drunken manPast Participle as the AttributiveExample:So many thousands of terrified people died Now find more examples in the reading passage.1.But he

3、 became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.2.He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London.3.He immediately told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the pump 4.With this extra evidence John Snow was abl

4、e to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the virus.e.g.a lost animal （一只迷路的动物）（一只迷路的动物）cooked food (熟食熟食)fried chips (炸土豆条炸土豆条)A 单个的过去分词作定语时一般兼有单个的过去分词作定语时一般兼有被被 动和完成动和完成的意义，常作前置定语。的意义，常作前置定语。注意：过去分词作定语时，有时只有被注意：过去分词作定语时，有时只有被动意义。动意义。e.g.spoken English 英语口语英语口语 written exercises 书面练习

5、书面练习a fallen leave 一片落叶一片落叶 the risen sun 升起来的太阳升起来的太阳the advanced countries 发达国家发达国家 a retired teacher 一名退休教师一名退休教师by-gone days 过去的岁月过去的岁月少数表示位移或状态改变的少数表示位移或状态改变的不及物动不及物动词词的过去分词的过去分词只有完成的意义。只有完成的意义。e.g.How I regretted the hours wasted in the farm!我多懊悔在农场上浪费的时光啊我多懊悔在农场上浪费的时光啊!I like wearing clothes

6、made of this kind of cloth.我喜欢穿这种布料做的衣服。我喜欢穿这种布料做的衣服。Well go to visit the bridge built hundreds of years ago.我们要去看那座建于几百年前的桥。我们要去看那座建于几百年前的桥。B 过去分词作定语的位置：过去分词作定语的位置：单个过去分词作定语，通常放在被修饰单个过去分词作定语，通常放在被修饰词之前。过去分词短语作定语通常放在词之前。过去分词短语作定语通常放在被修饰词之后，作后置定语。被修饰词之后，作后置定语。e.g.How I regretted the hours wasted in t

7、he farm!How I regretted the hours(which were)wasted in the farm!I like wearing clothes made of this kind of cloth.I like wearing clothes(which were)made of this kind of cloth.Well go to visit the bridge built hundreds of years ago.Well go to visit the bridge(which was)built hundreds of years ago.C 过

8、去分词作定语时时，相当于一过去分词作定语时时，相当于一个定语从句个定语从句 Twenty Years LaterTwenty years later,Ill be a retired teacherSeated by the side of a clear riverWatching the risen sun in summerEnjoying the fallen leaves in autumnAnd appreciating faded flowers in winter Twenty years later,Ill be a lady contented with life Acco

9、mpanied by another day dreamerDreaming theres no polluted water admiring sunshine on my shoulder*过去分词充当过去分词充当(Attributive)定语定语 1.1.少数少数不及物动词不及物动词的的过去分词过去分词只有只有_的意义。的意义。2.2.及物及物动词的动词的过去分词过去分词含有含有_的意义的意义;可以改写成可以改写成_。完成完成被动及完成被动及完成定语从句定语从句现在分词和过去分词做定语，有何区别呢？falling leavesfallen leaves区别区别 1boiling wate

10、rboiled waterthe rising sunthe risen sun 正在正在沸腾的水沸腾的水已经已经烧开的水烧开的水正在正在升起的太阳升起的太阳升起升起了的太阳了的太阳V-ing表动作正在进行，表动作正在进行，V-ed表动作已经完成表动作已经完成（正在变化的）（正在变化的）（变化了的）（变化了的）the changing worldthe changed worldfading flowers faded flowers（正在凋谢的）（正在凋谢的）（已经凋谢的）（已经凋谢的）a developing countrya developed country（发展中的）（发展中的）（发

11、达的）（发达的）1.disappointing news disappointed people2.exciting story excited people3.tired people tiring holiday1.令人令人失望的消息失望的消息 感到感到失望的人们失望的人们2.激动人心的激动人心的故事故事 （感到）（感到）激动的人们激动的人们3.累了的累了的人人 累人的累人的假日假日区别区别 2V-edV-ing感到感到的的令人令人的的an inspiring speech 鼓舞人心的鼓舞人心的演说演说the inspired audience 受鼓舞的受鼓舞的听众听众a frighten

12、ing tiger 可怕的可怕的老虎老虎a frightened look/expression 害怕的害怕的表情表情解析 过去分词做定语：过去分词做定语：表完成表完成。现在分词作定语：现在分词作定语：表进行表进行。不定式作定语：表示不定式作定语：表示将要发生将要发生的动作。的动作。区别区别 The gym built last year belongs to our school.The gym being built now belongs to our school.The gym to be built next year belongs to our school.完成完成进行进行将

13、来将来As is known to us all,traveling is_,but we often feel_ when we are back from travels.A.interesting;tired B.interested;tiring.C.interesting;tiring D.interested;tired2.Hearing the_ news,we all felt_ A.encouraging;encouraging B.encouraged;encouraged C.encouraged;encouraging D.encouraging;encouraged3

14、.Will you attend the meeting _ on Saturday?A.held B.being heldC.to be held D.hold4.The woman _a lesson is our teacher.A.giving B.givenC.to give D.give将要发生的动作将要发生的动作正在发生的动作，表主动正在发生的动作，表主动3.I have read plenty of plays _ by Shakespeare.written B.wrote C.write D.writing 4.The first textbooks _ for teach

15、ing English came out in the 16th century.to be produced B.producedC.being produced D.having produced The Olympic Games,_ in 776 B.C.,didnt include women until 1912.A.first playing B.to be first played C.first played D.to be playing考点点拨考点点拨3.Most of the artists _ to the party were from South Africa.A

16、.invited B.to invite C.being invited D.had been invited简析简析:该题应选该题应选A。测试过去分词作后置。测试过去分词作后置定语表达被动定语表达被动,等于定语从句等于定语从句who were invited。4.The computer centre,_ last year,is very popular among the students in this school.A.open B.opening C.having opened D.opened 简析简析:该题应选该题应选D。测试过去分词短语作。测试过去分词短语作定语放在所修饰的名

17、词后定语放在所修饰的名词后,可以用非限可以用非限制制性定语从句性定语从句“which was opened last year”代替。代替。1.The book _(上周上周完成的完成的)tells the struggle of the miners.(accomplish)2.The boy _ (下下棋输了的棋输了的)is my brother.(defeat)3.He was inspired when he thought about helping the soldiers _(暴露在辐暴露在辐射中的射中的).(expose)4.The plan _(提出提出)at the mee

18、ting just now hasnt been decided.(put)5.The boy _(因因迟到而受到责备的迟到而受到责备的)is weeping now.(blame)6.Li Hua,_ (已改掉喝酒的坏习惯已改掉喝酒的坏习惯),is in good health now.(cure)(which was)accomplished last week(who was/has been)defeated at chess(who were)exposed to radiation(which was)put forward(who has been)blamed for bein

19、g late (who has been)cured of the bad habit of drinking Past Participle as the PredicativeExample:But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people Now find more examples in the reading passage.He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people.

20、He was determined to find out why.位于位于系动词系动词后，不表示后，不表示“被动被动”或或“完成完成”，而表示主语的，而表示主语的状态或情绪，状态或情绪，相当于形容词相当于形容词。1.She is _.2.He looked_.2.过去分词过去分词作表语作表语excitedconfuseexciteconfused系动词的分类：系动词的分类：“似乎类似乎类”：“感觉类感觉类”：“变成类变成类”：“仍然类仍然类”：基本形式基本形式：be(am,is,are)seem,appear,lookfeel,sound,smell,tastebecome,go,get,g

21、row,fall,turnremain,stay,keep What he said was _(encourage).We were _(encourage)at what he said.The football game is very _(bore).We were _(bore)at the football game.V-ing 与与V-ed 作表语的区别作表语的区别encouragingencouragedboringboredv-ing 事物具有的特征事物具有的特征 “令人。令人。”v-ed 人自身的感受或状态人自身的感受或状态 “感到。感到。”归纳归纳The library

22、is closed.The library is closed by the teacher.V-ed作表语作表语表主语的状态，表主语的状态，被动语态被动语态表示被动的动作。表示被动的动作。“系动词系动词+过去分词（系表结构）过去分词（系表结构）”和和“系动词系动词+过去分词（被动语态）过去分词（被动语态）”状态（系表结构）状态（系表结构）动作动作(被动语态）被动语态）区别区别 My glasses are broken.My glasses were broken by my little brother.状态状态动作动作归纳归纳Complete the sentences using th

23、e past participle as the predicative.1.丢了钱他受了责备。丢了钱他受了责备。He _ for losing the money.2.你为什么总是看上去很疲劳？这些日你为什么总是看上去很疲劳？这些日 子睡得好吗？子睡得好吗？Why do you always _?Do you sleep well these days?got blamedlook so tired3.我对昨晚看的电影很失望。我原以为我对昨晚看的电影很失望。我原以为 它能好些。它能好些。I _ the film I saw last night.I had expected it to be

24、 better.4.听说那位著名影星死了，人人都很惊听说那位著名影星死了，人人都很惊 讶。讶。Everybody _ to hear the death of the famous film star.was disappointed withwas shocked5.要去动物园了，孩子们非常兴奋。要去动物园了，孩子们非常兴奋。The children _ going to the zoo.6.他的伤口感染了一种新病毒。他的伤口感染了一种新病毒。His wound _ a new virus.are really excited aboutbecame infected with How wo

25、uld you feel if?in your backyard In Wuhan next week!二（二（5 5）班）班 获篮获篮球比赛一等奖球比赛一等奖 Finish the Exercises 1-4 on Page 43 in your Workbooks.1)语态不同语态不同-ing表主动、进行；表主动、进行；-ed表被动、完成表被动、完成-ed作定语与作定语与-ing作定语的区别：作定语的区别：an inspiring speech 鼓舞人心的鼓舞人心的演说演说the inspired audience 受鼓舞的受鼓舞的听众听众the falling leaves 落叶落叶（正

26、往下落的）（正往下落的）the fallen leaves 落叶落叶（已落到地面的）（已落到地面的）（正在变化的）（正在变化的）（变化了的）（变化了的）boiling waterboiled waterthe changing worldthe changed world（正在沸腾的）（正在沸腾的）（烧开的）（烧开的）fading flowers faded flowers（正在凋谢的）（正在凋谢的）（已经凋谢的）（已经凋谢的）a developing countrya developed country（发展中的）（发展中的）（发达的）（发达的）2)时间关系不同时间关系不同-ing表表“正在

27、进行正在进行”或或“与谓语动词同与谓语动词同时时进行进行”或或“经常性经常性”。-ed表动作先于谓语动词表示的动作。表动作先于谓语动词表示的动作。Do you know the boy lying under the bigtree?“Cant you read?”Mary said,angrilypointing to the notice.The woman selling vegetables has gone.It is the problem left over by history.A good beginning is half done.良好的开端是成功的一半。良好的开端是成功

28、的一半。2.Lost time is never found again.4.Dont be angry.Dont be irritated.Anger and irritation bring about early aging.3.He is not laughed at that laughs at himself first.岁月既往，一去不回。岁月既往，一去不回。不要气不要气,不要恼不要恼,气气恼恼人快老气气恼恼人快老.自嘲者不会让人见笑。自嘲者不会让人见笑。1.过去分词作表语，表示过去分词作表语，表示主语的特点或主语的特点或 所处的状态所处的状态，其前的系动词有包括，其前的系动词有

29、包括be 在内的多种形式。在内的多种形式。Everyone present was very inspired at his speech.听了他的发言，在场的所有人都很振奋。听了他的发言，在场的所有人都很振奋。You seem frightened.你似乎受了惊吓。你似乎受了惊吓。过去分词作表语，强调主语的特点或过去分词作表语，强调主语的特点或 所处的状态；而被动语态中，主语是所处的状态；而被动语态中，主语是 动词所表示动作的承受者。动词所表示动作的承受者。This shop is now closed.这家商店现在已经关门了。这家商店现在已经关门了。(状态状态)This shop is c

30、losed at 6 pm every day.这家商店每天下午这家商店每天下午6点关门。点关门。(动作动作)过去分词作表语，构成的系表结构过去分词作表语，构成的系表结构 与被动语态的区别：与被动语态的区别：p 经常不断地学习,你就什么都知道。你知道得越多,你就越有力量p Study Constantly,And You Will Know Everything.The More You Know,The More Powerful You Will Be写在最后感谢聆听不足之处请大家批评指导Please Criticize And Guide The Shortcomings结束语讲师：XXXXXX XX年XX月XX日