英美文化介绍课件.ppt

1、Social ServicesSocial Services第十三组：何知龙 廖浩宇 文赟 刘经纶Contents1234美国社会福利制度美国其余社会制度美国视频词汇句子PartONE1PartThe system of American social security began in The system of American social security began in 1935,when Congress passed the social security act.1935,when Congress passed the social security act.It was

2、established the after retirement pension It was established the after retirement pension system officially for the United States working system officially for the United States working groups.In 1956 after the revision of the law,groups.In 1956 after the revision of the law,pension also began to cov

3、er the disabled.pension also began to cover the disabled.美国的社会保障体系始于美国的社会保障体系始于19351935年，当年国年，当年国会通过了社会安全法，正式为美国工作的人群会通过了社会安全法，正式为美国工作的人群建立了退休后的养老金体系，建立了退休后的养老金体系，19561956年经过修法，年经过修法，养老金也开始涵盖残障人士。养老金也开始涵盖残障人士。1 1、Federal Social Insurance Federal Social Insurance 联邦社会保险联邦社会保险 Federal social insurance

4、,which including Retirement Federal social insurance,which including Retirement Benefits,Survivors Benefits,Disability Benefits and Benefits,Survivors Benefits,Disability Benefits and Medicare Benefits is established for the inaugural Medicare Benefits is established for the inaugural members,employ

5、ees or once worked for himself and his members,employees or once worked for himself and his family can attend,too.family can attend,too.联邦社会保险是为就职人士设立的，在职或曾经工作联邦社会保险是为就职人士设立的，在职或曾经工作过的本人及其家属都可参加，主要包括退休金过的本人及其家属都可参加，主要包括退休金 、抚恤、抚恤金、伤残金和医疗福利等。金、伤残金和医疗福利等。2 2、Unemployment Compensation Unemployment Comp

6、ensation 失业补助金失业补助金As long as you are laid-off unemployed,with or without savings As long as you are laid-off unemployed,with or without savings may apply for.General grant period is 6 to 9 months,according may apply for.General grant period is 6 to 9 months,according to different circumstances may

7、be extended states.to different circumstances may be extended states.只要是遭辞退失业的，不管有无积蓄都可申请。一般补助只要是遭辞退失业的，不管有无积蓄都可申请。一般补助期是期是6 6至至9 9个月，按各州不同情况可能会有所延长。个月，按各州不同情况可能会有所延长。3 3、public assistance public assistance 公共援助金公共援助金It is designed for low-income or no income blind,elderly,It is designed for low-inc

8、ome or no income blind,elderly,handicapped and families with no income.Issued by the handicapped and families with no income.Issued by the state government according to their respective living state government according to their respective living conditions,the applicant will be investigated to prov

9、e conditions,the applicant will be investigated to prove eligibility.eligibility.专为低收入或无收入的失明者、老人、残障者及无专为低收入或无收入的失明者、老人、残障者及无收入的家庭而设。由州政府按各自生活条件发放，收入的家庭而设。由州政府按各自生活条件发放，申请者将接受调查以证明有申领资格。申请者将接受调查以证明有申领资格。4 4、The welfare for pregnant women The welfare for pregnant women and children and children 孕妇与儿童

10、福利孕妇与儿童福利 Its established for the pregnant women Its established for the pregnant women and kids to ensure their health.There are and kids to ensure their health.There are providing the healthy service instead of providing the healthy service instead of giving away money.giving away money.为保护和增进孕妇及儿

11、童的健康而设，为保护和增进孕妇及儿童的健康而设，并不分派现金，而是提供健康服务。并不分派现金，而是提供健康服务。PartTWO美国美国 其余社会制度其余社会制度2Part社会福利 Social services 社会救济 Social security医疗保险 Health insurance 美国是以一个家庭人囗计算低收入标准的，每一个州都有不同标准，联邦政府（全美国）最低收入；两人家庭好像是2万2千左右美刀的，但是有小孩的家庭和那些丁克家庭的福利是不同的。联邦政府鼓励所有美国家庭是多生多育小孩子的。工作保险 unemployment Insurance 生活补助 Public Servic

12、e for Low Income Persons 医疗补助 Medicaid美国美国 其余社会制度其余社会制度2Part工作保险工作保险 unemployment Insurance美国美国 其余社会制度其余社会制度2Part1、失业保险金(unemployment Insurance)2、工人赔偿金(Workers Compensation Program)3、州立伤残保险金（State Disability Insurance）生活补助生活补助 Public Service for Low Income Persons美国美国 其余社会制度其余社会制度2Part1、粮食券(Food Sta

13、mp)2、学校提供的廉价或免费膳食(School Lunch Program)3、家居能源补助计划(Home Energy Assistance Program)4、廉价公共房屋(Public Low Income Housing)医疗补助医疗补助 Medicaid美国美国 其余社会制度其余社会制度2Part1、医药补助(Medicaid)2、家中照顾计划(In Home Support Service)PartTHREEPartFOURperception 感觉，感知，洞察力 psep()ndeviant 偏常者，不正常者 divntunethical 不道德的，不合道德的 nek()lbe

14、 couched in 以.表达，措辞 katintrinsically 本质上地，内在地 ntrnsklJudaeo-Christian 兼犹太教与基督教的altruism 利他主义 ltruzmtenet 信念，信条，教义 tntdegeneracy 衰退，堕废，没落 ddnrsicompliance(to)服从，遵守，顺从 kmplanspatriarchal 男性统治的，家长统治的 ,petrrklchastity 贞洁，贞操 tsttiabstinence(from)节制，禁欲 bstnnspromiscuity 淫乱，滥交 ,proskjtisanctity 神圣，庄严 sktti

15、paradoxically 自相矛盾地，似是而非地 ,prdksikli rectify 改正，纠正 rektfa agitate 鼓动，煽动，宣传 dtet coupon 优待劵，票证 kupnnon-contributory （退休金、保险金计划）仅由雇主 出资的 ,nnkntribjutri rehabilitation 恢复正常生活，更新 rih,blten masaic 马赛克，镶嵌画般的东西exemption 免除，豁免 zempnsink or swim 靠自己在人间沉浮prefabricated （建筑物等）预制的 pri:fbrikeitid fluctuation 波动，起

16、伏,flkte()n;-tj-amenity （娱乐、消遣）设施 mint;-men-foreclosure 回赎抵押品权利的取消 fkl Americans easily agree with the helping purpose but are generally almost unaware of the social control function of social welfare.Seldom do they participate in social welfare decisions that affect their lives,and the price they pa

17、y for such help is often their personal dignity and individual freedom.In other words,Americans are very clear about what they“ought to”provide and how they“ought to”deal with deviants.They may and can empathize,but they cannot understand the lives of their clients,for the life situations and life e

18、xpriences of the two are vastly different from each other.American attitudes towards social services and values in social walfare are often couched in in religious,moral,or patriotic terms.In more practical terms,a fact is the way things are and a value is how people wish they were.Basded on these t

19、wo characteristics,values have affected American social welfare programs and even human services itself.Before the indusrtialization process began,America was primarily a rural society in which most Americans worked in the fields and there were few urban centers.Social Security derives from the prog

20、rams contained in the 1935 Social Security Act.It now refers to three main areas:the old age,survivors,disability and health insurance program;Medicare;and Unemployment Compensationnon-contributory （退休金、保险金计划）仅由雇主 出资的 ,nnkntribjutri rehabilitation 恢复正常生活，更新 rih,blten masaic 马赛克，镶嵌画般的东西exemption 免除，豁免 zempnsink or swim 靠自己在人间沉浮prefabricated （建筑物等）预制的 pri:fbrikeitid fluctuation 波动，起伏,flkte()n;-tj-amenity （娱乐、消遣）设施 mint;-men-foreclosure 回赎抵押品权利的取消 fkl