英美文学之UncleTom’sCabin展示课件.ppt

1、第三组42tong 19miny26sophy 08vivi 24selina 44twinkle（June 14,1811 July 1,1896)General evaluation of Mrs.Stowevan American abolitionist and author.vShe was influential both for her writings and her public stands on social issues of the day.Lyman Beecher RoxanaIn 1836in June 1851,when she was 40,the firs

2、t installment of her Uncle Toms Cabin was published in serial form in the newspaper National Era So youre the little woman who wrote the book that made this great war!Thank you!vIn1869:campaigned for the expansion of married womens rights.vIn the 1870s Stowe fled to Florida,After her return to Conne

3、cticut,Mrs.Stowe was among the founders of the Hartford Art School vIn 1886:Calvin Stowes died,and her own health started to decline rapidly.vDied on July 1,1896,in Hartford,Connecticut.at age 85 vUncle Toms Cabin,1852汤姆叔叔的小屋汤姆叔叔的小屋vA Key to Uncle Toms Cabin,1853汤姆叔叔的小屋题解汤姆叔叔的小屋题解vDred:A Tale of the

4、 Great Dismal Swamp,1856德雷德：阴暗大沼地的故事德雷德：阴暗大沼地的故事vThe Ministers Wooing,1859牧师的求婚牧师的求婚vThe Pearl of Orrs Island,1862奥尔岛上的明珠奥尔岛上的明珠vOld Town Folks,1869老镇居民老镇居民vPalmetto Leaves,1873 棕榈叶棕榈叶Literary Works BackgroundvHarriet Beecher Stowe(1811-1896),comes from a family with good Christian,she was deeply in

5、fluenced by Christianity and became a pious Christian.As her family were all opposing to raising slaves,she was influenced by them and held the anti-slavery belief.vShe lives in Cincinnati city in Ohio,one of anti-slavery places and a terminal for slaves escaping to the north.vHousing fugitive slave

6、s,hearing of more about slaves wretched sufferings.vVisiting plantations in Kentucky,seeing with her eyes slaves misery.vHarriet Beecher Stowe acknowledged that she was partly inspired to create Uncle Toms Cabin by the slaves narrative vThe blending of pious belief in Christianity and abolishing sla

7、very resulted in Uncle Toms CabinInfluencevUncle Toms Cabin has exerted an influence equaled by few other novels in history.v Upon publication,Uncle Toms Cabin ignited a firestorm of protest from defenders of slavery while the book elicited praise from abolitionists.v As a best-seller,the novel heav

8、ily influenced later protest literature.vUncle Toms Cabin outraged people in the American South.vThe novel was also roundly criticized by slavery supporters.vHowever,Abraham Lincoln commented,So this is the little lady who started this great war.vUncle Toms Cabin also created great interest in the U

9、nited Kingdom.The first London edition appeared in May 1852 and sold 200,000 copiesvBy 1857,the novel had been translated into 20 languages,Later,it was translated into almost every major language.Main Plots of The NovelEliza escaped with her son,Tom sold Eliza escaped with her son,Tom sold“down the

10、 riverdown the river”(伊莉莎携伊莉莎携子逃亡，汤姆被卖到子逃亡，汤姆被卖到“河的下游去河的下游去”)Elizas family hunted,Toms life with St.Clare(追追捕伊莉莎家庭，汤姆与圣克莱尔生活捕伊莉莎家庭，汤姆与圣克莱尔生活)Tom sold to Simon Legree(汤姆被卖给西蒙.勒格里)Final section(汤姆死去，汤姆死去，Cassy一家逃忙成功并与亲人团圆，乔治一家逃忙成功并与亲人团圆，乔治.谢尔比解放谢尔比解放了家中的奴隶。了家中的奴隶。)Eliza escaped with her son,Tom sold d

11、own the riverKentucky farmer Slaves Arthur Shelby Uncle Tom Emily Shelby Harry(Elizas son)George Shelby Eliza escaped with her son,and Tom was sold to another slaver Augustine St.Clare and already befriended with his daughter-Eva.Elizas family hunted,Toms life with St.ClareEliza met with her husband

12、-George Harris chased by a slave-hunter-Tom Loker Eva:friendliness,love,equality,like an angel.Eva grew very ill.Before she died she experienced a vision of heaven,which she shares with the people around her.Therefore,St.Clare decided to pleded to free Tom.Tom was sold to Simon LegreeTom was beaten

13、viciously.Tom met with Emmeline,Cassy Uncle Tom encouraged Cassy and Emmeline to escape.When Tom refused to tell Legree where Cassy and Emmeline had gone,Legree ordered his overseers to kill Tom.As Tom was dying,he forgave them.Humbled by the character of Tom,they become Christians.Final sectionuCas

14、sy later discovers that Eliza is her long-lost daughter who was sold as a child.Now that their family is together again,they travel to France and eventually Liberia,the African nation created for former American slaves.uGeorge Shelby returns to the Kentucky farm and frees all his slaves.George tells

15、 them to remember Toms sacrifice and his belief in the true meaning of Christianity.Analysis of the Main CharactersMrs.Stowe portrays several vivid characters with distinctive temperament.Among them,there are the white and the black,the nobles and the slaves,the kind and the cruel.In her description

16、 of all these characters,we can learn that Mrs.Stowe advocates that people are equal and is against racial discrimination.She also held the belief that people are born to to be equal and should have right to enjoy freedom.So the main of the book are all Christians to different extent.Main Characters

17、 1.Tom 2.Eliza 3.George Harris 4.George Shelby 5.Eva 6.St.Clare 7.Topsy 8.Simon LegreeName:TomAge:about 40Sex:male Country:Africa Work:slaveFamily:Aunt Chloe and three childrenFaith:ChristianityQualities:obedience,honesty,loyalty 1.Name cardintroductionintroduction Uncle Tom is a hero of Negroes.He

18、believed in God without the slightest flaw in personality.He is a pious Christian,and ultimately he was killed by the owner for helping others escape,his death and the Bible in which Jesus was crucified to save the common people,like the cross,not only won the peoples sympathy,but also aroused the i

19、ndignation of the people to slavery,it has accelerated the demise of slavery.Personal History Three mastersMr.ShelbySt.ClareLegree “You have heard what she said!If I must be sold,or all the people on the place and everything go to rack,why,let me be sold”.“Master always found me on the spot,he alway

20、s will.I never have broke trust,nor used my pass no ways contrary to my word,and I never will.Its better for me alone to go,than to break up the place and sell all.Master is not to blame”.“Ah,master trusted me,and I couldnt.“I feel very bad,Master.I always have thought that Master would be good to e

21、verybody Master has always been good to me,I havent nothing complain of,on that head.But there is some Master isnt good to.Master isnt good to himself”“Not while Masr is in trouble,”said Tom.“Ill stay with Masr as long as he wants me,-so as I can be used.”“No!No!No!My soul isnt yours,Master!You have

22、nt bought it,you cant buy it!Its been bought and paid for,by one that is able to keep it;no matter,no matter,you cant harm me!”“Im willin to work,night and day-and,Masr,I never shall do it,-never!”“I know,Mast,but I cant tell anything.I can die!”“Masr,if you was sick,or in trouble,or dying,and I cou

23、ld save ye,Id give ye my hearts blood;and,if taking every soul,Id give em freely,as the Lord gave his for me.O,Masr!dont bring this great sin on your soul!It will hurt you more than t will me!Do the worst you can,my troublesll be over soon;but,if ye dont repent,yours wont never end!”Tom Jesus Christ

24、 Tom Jesussold by his masterMr.Shelbybetrayed by his discipleJudas“Into thy hands I commend my spirit!Thou hast redeemed me,Oh Lord God of truth!”“I know,Mast,but I cant tell anything.I can die!”When Jesus knows he will die,he does not complain only to pray to the God.Tom is rescued by his former ma

25、sters son-George Shelby.Joseph of Arimathaea,a secret apostle of him,redeems Jesus.redeemStrong faithsold2.Eliza A relatively privilegedslave(Shelbys maid)Wife of George HarrisDevout ChristianVery beautiful,strongand very brave to revoltLearning her 5-year-old Son,Harry,will be sold to the slaver Ha

26、ley,she took Harry escaped to the north A brave and great mother In Ohio,she met again with her husband George Harris who was also running away,they eventually escape from the jaws of the slaverytogether 3.George HarrisWhite black slaveHusband of ElizaBright and capable with an imposing figureInvent

27、ed Machine for washing twineBecame bitter because his master had put him to do dirtiest and hardest in the fields when he was capable of doing better workAgainst slavery extremely Feels unfair that slaves must obeyto what his master Order,so he escaped to struggle for freedom and finallymade it come

28、 true4.George Shelby Little master of Uncle TomTook Tom as his mentor Best friend of Tom and taught Tom to read and write A devout Christian Honest and kind,trys his best to help and takes good care slavesWants to buy Uncle Tom back after he was sold but failed5.EvaFive-year oldBeautiful,angelicFull

29、 name“EvangelineSt.Clare”Full of love and friendlyto others and sympathyfor slavesAn innocent and understanding white girl,put herself on equality with every creature,especially to the blackBecomes close friends with Uncle Tom,asks her father to buy TomOften talks about some topics of love and forgi

30、veness,even persuades the stubborn Topsy,a slave girl,to believe she should also be loved Trys to touch her bad temper aunt base of heartDied early because of disease6.St.Clare Courtly young gentleman Father of EvaUncle Toms new masterThe most compassionate slave owners of the novelMarriage life is

31、unhappyWhile loves Eva very muchAlready aware of the sin of slavery,but has not yet prepared to discard it for its bringing wealth After the death of Eva,he became more religious,and began to read the bible to Tom.Wants to give Tom freedom,but his kindness became nothing for his accidental death.7.T

32、opsy A ragged slave girl Without knowing her origin When asked who made her,she thinks neither god or her mother,I thought I was born myself,I dont believe who made me A mischievous,clever little girlWho hasnt been raised with any moral or intellectual instructionWith a pair of big eyes,always tease

33、s people for fun,but also often brings happiness to othersAs mischievous she is,Always makes mistakes,and angers Miss Ophelia,at that time,she will ask Miss Ophelia to beat herlike her previews master,so she is a product of slavery in a certain caseFinally Little Evas love changed her to adevout Chr

34、istian8.Simon Legree A brutal Louisiana plantation ownerOwns vast cotton fieldsSpecially buy slaves as the tool of labor Aims to defeat Tom and destroy his religious beliefs its he tortured uncle Tom to dead“Simon Legree”symbolsGreed and cruelty At last went mad because of the conscience condemnatio

35、n Biblical Archetypes in Uncle Toms Cabin Tom-Jesus Christ 耶稣基督 Evangeline-Gospel of the angel福音天使 Sambo and Quimbo-sinners罪人Tom-Jesus Christ Toms death experience is similar to Jesus Christ The situation when Tom died is hardly the same with Jesus Christ Tom and Jesus Christ live an innocent life,a

36、nd both are died for crimes committed by others Both are kind and loyal to the faith,tolerant and obedient Evangeline-The Gospel of the angel Evangeline is an image of an angle Her frail health and premature death in a dramatic form hinted that she does not belong to the earth Sambo and Quimbo-sinne

37、rs罪人 The circumstances of Sambo and Quimbo are similar to the sinners in the Bible Respectively corresponds to the sinners who scourged Jesus and another that was saved by Jesus in the Bible Major themes -Uncle Toms Cabin Uncle Toms Cabin is dominated by a single theme:the evil and immorality of sla

38、very.While Stowe weaves other subthemes throughout her text,such as the moral authority of,is its outrages of feelings and affectionsthe separating of families,for example.motherhood and the redeeming possibilities offered by Christianity,she emphasizes the connections between these and the horrors

39、of slavery.Stowe sometimes changed the storys voice so she could give a homily on the destructive nature of slavery(such as when a white woman on the steamboat carrying Tom further south states,The most dreadful part of slavery,to my mind).Major themesMajor themes Stowes novel reaffirmed the importa

40、nce of womens influence and helped pave the way for the womens rights movement in the following decades.Stowes puritanical religious beliefs show up in the novels final,overarching themethe exploration of the nature of Christianity and how she feels Christian theology is fundamentally incompatible w

41、ith slavery.This theme is most evident when Tom urges St.Clare to look away to Jesus after the death of St.Clares beloved daughter Eva.After Tom dies,George Shelby eulogizes Tom by saying,What a thing it is to be a Christian.“Because Christian themes play such a large role in Uncle Toms Cabinand bec

42、ause of Stowes frequent use of direct authorial interjections on religion and faiththe novel often takes the form of a sermon.Major themes This theme is most evident when Tom urges St.Clare to look away to Jesus after the death of St.Clares beloved daughter Eva.After Tom dies,George Shelby eulogizes

43、 Tom by saying,What a thing it is to be a Christian.“Because Christian themes play such a large role in Uncle Toms Cabinand because of Stowes frequent use of direct authorial interjections on religion and faiththe novel often takes the form of a sermon.Style -Uncle Toms CabinStyle Uncle Toms Cabin i

44、s written in the sentimental and melodramatic style common to 19th century sentimental novels and domestic fiction(also called womens fiction).These genres were the most popular novels of Stowes time and tended to feature female main characters and a writing style which evoked a readers sympathy and emotion.Even though Stowes novel differs from other sentimental novels by focusing on a large theme like slavery and by having a man as the main character,she still set out to elicit certain strong feelings from her readers.