Unit4+Grammar+情态动词+知识点详解课件-2021-2022学年高中英语牛津译林版（2020）必修第三册.pptx

1、Grammar and usage Model Verbs1Honestly speaking,I dont think Im going to get the offer.Well,you never know!You _(make)a better impression than you think.(所所给词的适当形式填空给词的适当形式填空)may have made情态动词知识检测 2To all the people who have come to my help,I _ thank you enough for your kindness to me and I will kee

2、p it in mind for the rest of my life.(用适当的词填空用适当的词填空)cant 3“The profit _ be divided into three parts,according to the agreement made by both sides,”declared the judge.（用适当的词填空）（用适当的词填空）shall 4Im not sure of the reason for the dogs illness,but it _(cause)by eating too much.（所给词的适（所给词的适当形式填空）当形式填空）may

3、 have been caused 5When I was a little child,my grandma _ read me stories almost every night.（用适当的词填空）（用适当的词填空）would 6Why _ you choose to work in a remote mountain village when you can have a respectable job in a big city?（用适（用适当的词填空）当的词填空）must 7You_not have prepared breakfast so early.I dont have t

4、o go to school today.(用适当的单词填空用适当的单词填空)need情态动词情态动词1.情态情态动词本身动词本身有一定的词义，通常与动词原有一定的词义，通常与动词原形一起构成谓语，表示说形一起构成谓语，表示说话人的看法或主观话人的看法或主观设想。常见的情态动词有：设想。常见的情态动词有：can、could、may、might、must、ought to、shall、should、will 和和 would。另外，。另外，dare、need、have to 和和 used to 也具有情态动词的某些特性。也具有情态动词的某些特性。2 can 与与 could 表示表示能力（能力

5、（ability），意思相当于），意思相当于 be able to。如：如：Jack can swim.My father could stand on his hands when he was young.注意注意：在一般过去时中，：在一般过去时中，was/were able to 通通常表示能做并且已经做了的事，常表示能做并且已经做了的事，could 仅表示仅表示能力能力。如：如：I was able to swim to the bank when the ship sank.I could lift the heavy box.3 must 与与 need 表示表示必要性（必要性（n

6、ecessity）。）。must 意为意为“必必须须”，否定式，否定式 mustnt 意为意为“不许不许”；need 意为意为“需要需要”，否定式，否定式 neednt 意为意为“不必不必”。如：如：I must go now.You mustnt forget your ticket.Need we go right now?You neednt do it if you dont want to.注意：注意：have to 也有也有“必须必须”的含义，但侧重的含义，但侧重客观需求，有时态的变化，否定式是客观需求，有时态的变化，否定式是 dont/doesnt have to，意为，意为“不

7、必不必”，意思相当于，意思相当于 neednt。如：。如：We will have to think of a new plan.You dont have to run.4 can、could、may 与与 might 表示许可（表示许可（permission）。表示许可时，）。表示许可时，may 多用于正式场合，多用于正式场合，could 和和 might 的语的语气更委婉些。如：气更委婉些。如：You can use my pen if you like.Students may not bring their pets to school.Could/Might I borrow yo

8、ur bike?5 can、could、may、might 与与must 表示表示可能性（可能性（possibility）。）。may、might和和could常用于肯定句，意为常用于肯定句，意为“可能可能”，must用用于肯定句，意为于肯定句，意为“一定一定”；否定式；否定式may/might not意为意为“可能不可能不”，cant/couldnt意为意为“不不可能，肯定不可能，肯定不”。如：。如：That may/might/could be a good idea.You must be tired after the long journey.There may not be eno

9、ugh money to pay for a new car.Your story cant/couldnt be true.注意注意：can表示可能性时，含有表示可能性时，含有“有时会有时会”的的意思。如：意思。如：The temperature here can be as high as 37 in summer.6 should 与与 ought to 表示表示义务（义务（obligation）或建议（）或建议（suggestion），），意为意为“应该应该”。如：。如：They should/ought to build more libraries.注意注意：should 与与 o

10、ught to 也可以表示主观判也可以表示主观判断，意思是断，意思是“可能会，应该会可能会，应该会”，相当于，相当于 will probably。如：。如：The rain should/ought to stop soon.7 will 与与 would 1)表示习惯性动作（表示习惯性动作（habit），），will 表示现在表示现在的习惯，的习惯，would 表示过去的习惯。如：表示过去的习惯。如：Mary will listen to music for hours in her room.I would take a walk after supper when I was young

11、.2)表示意愿（表示意愿（willingness）。如：）。如：The baby wont go to sleep.3)表示请求（表示请求（request），），would 比比 will 更委更委婉些。如：婉些。如：Would you give me some advice?注意注意：used to也表示过去的习惯性动作，多用也表示过去的习惯性动作，多用于非正式场合，往往指后来停止了的动作。否于非正式场合，往往指后来停止了的动作。否定形式是定形式是 didnt use to 或或 used not to。如：。如：I used to have a bicycle,but I sold it.

12、I didnt use to have a bicycleI usednt to have a bicycleJohn didnt use to come here.Did Mike use to read newspapers?Yes,he did.Used Mike to read newspapers?Yes,he used.8 shall1)在疑问句中，表示建议或征求意见。如：在疑问句中，表示建议或征求意见。如：Shall I/he help you with the box?2)表示承诺或要表示承诺或要求求,警告，威胁。警告，威胁。如：如：You shall have the mag

13、azine.He shall do as I tell him.You shall lose your job if you break the rules.3)用于正式文件、法律、规章制度等，表示规用于正式文件、法律、规章制度等，表示规定。如：定。如：Students shall not use calculators during exams.9 dare 与与 need dare 和和 need 作为情态动词，常用于疑问句和作为情态动词，常用于疑问句和否定句中。这两个词也可以用作实义动词。如：否定句中。这两个词也可以用作实义动词。如：I dare not go there alone.I

14、 didnt dare to say a word.Nobody dared to ask any questions.Need we finish the work today?You neednt worry about it.You dont need to come yourself.10 情态情态动词的进行式、完成式和被动式动词的进行式、完成式和被动式 1)情态动词可以与主动词的进行式合用，表情态动词可以与主动词的进行式合用，表示某动作正在进行。如：示某动作正在进行。如：Jack may be reading in the library.2)情态动词可以与主动词的完成式合用，表情态

15、动词可以与主动词的完成式合用，表示过去发生的动作。如：示过去发生的动作。如：Tom must have arrived home by now.You cant have seen Henry yesterday because he was in London.3)情态动词可以与主动词的被动式合用。如：情态动词可以与主动词的被动式合用。如：The road may be blocked.Can,could,be able to I was able to swim to the bank when the ship sank.He could lift the heavy box.Cant

16、help doing sth.情不自禁做某事 Cant help but do sth.只好做某事 Can not(never)too much/enough无论怎么也不为过 neednt do sth=dont have to do sth.Must you make so much noise？He may well(完全可能，很可能)win the competition.You may/might as well（倒不如，不妨）email him this afternoon.The snow ought to/should stop soon.(表示可能性)Its odd that

17、he should be waiting for us.(表示不能理解，惊讶)I am surprised that you should have worked out the problem.Mary will listen to music for hours in her room.When I was young,I would visit my grandparents every weekend.语法填空：1.Those flowers need_(water).2.He could not but _(admit)that he was to blame for losing

18、the game.3.It must _(rain)last night,for the ground is wet.4.We could _(help)you,but we were too busy.5.The school rules state that no child _ be allowed out of the school during the day unless accompanied by an adult.6.-Why didnt you come to the party yesterday?-I wanted to,but my mother simply _ n

19、ot let me out so late at night.7.-The room is in a mess._ we clean it?-Of course.watering/to be wateredadmithave rainedhave helpedshallwouldShall 8.Although you _ find bargains in London,its not a cheap place to buy.9.-I have prepared everything for the picnic?-Do you mean that I _ bring anything?10

20、.Peter didnt finish his assignment yesterday but he _ because yesterday was the deadline.canneedntshould have1.Jim says we _ stay in his house as long as we leave it clean and tidy.(2020年天津卷年天津卷单项填空单项填空)A.mustB.canC.needD.shouldB 2.The professor warned the students that on no account _ use mobile ph

21、ones in his class.(2019年天津卷单项填空年天津卷单项填空)A.should they B.they should C.dare they D.they dareA 3.I cant find my purse.I _ it in the supermarket yesterday,but Im not sure.(2018年天津卷单项填空年天津卷单项填空)A.should leave B.must have left C.might leave D.could have leftD 4.Intodaysinformationage,thelossofdata _ caus

22、e seriousproblemsfor acompany.(2018年北京卷单项填空年北京卷单项填空)A.need B.should C.can D.mustC 1.ask your parents and teachers to recommend what books you ought to read.ought to modal v.used when you have strong reasons for believing or expecting something 应该，应当应该，应当ought to表示义务、要求或劝告。表示义务、要求或劝告。eg You were out

23、enjoying yourself when you ought to have been studying.We ought to get her a present for her birthday.You ought to go to class right away.ought to还可表示推测，暗含很大的可能性。还可表示推测，暗含很大的可能性。eg The boy left two hours ago,so he ought to be there by now.ought to的否定结构是的否定结构是oughtnt to或或ought not to。eg You oughtnt/o

24、ught not to leave in such a hurry.含含ought to的陈述句变为一般疑问句时，应将的陈述句变为一般疑问句时，应将ought放在句首。简略回答时，放在句首。简略回答时，to可以省略。可以省略。eg Ought I to wait for him outside the gate?Yes,you ought(to)./No,you oughtnt (to).注注:ought to与与should的意思大致的意思大致相同相同,都表都表示示“义务、要求或劝告义务、要求或劝告”,只是只是ought to比比should的语气稍重一些。的语气稍重一些。2.Teacher

25、s in particular can provide suggestions for interesting reading materials that can be found in the library or bookshop easily.in particular:especially/particularly 尤其尤其，特别特别eg我特别记住了他们之中的一位。我特别记住了他们之中的一位。I remember one of them in particular我总的来说对小说感兴趣，尤其是对侦探我总的来说对小说感兴趣，尤其是对侦探 小说感兴趣。小说感兴趣。I am interes

26、ted in stories in general,and in detective stories in particularSome teenagers are particular about/over food and clothes.3.recommend sth.to sb.=recommend sb.sth.recommend sb.for 推荐某人（某职位）推荐某人（某职位）recommend sb.as 推荐某人为推荐某人为recommend sb.to do sth.建议某人做某事建议某人做某事recommend doing sth.建议做某事建议做某事recommend

27、that sb.(should)do sth.建议某人做某事建议某人做某事recommend that sth.(should)be done建议某事被做建议某事被做on the recommendation of 根据根据的建议的建议follow ones recommendationA good face is a letter of _.The teacher recommended us _(read)this letter.recommendationto read 4.mean:吝啬的，自私的，卑鄙的，刻薄的吝啬的，自私的，卑鄙的，刻薄的卑鄙的后妈让灰姑娘做所有的家务。The me

28、an stepmother made Cinderella do all the housework.事实上你们总是对我们相当刻薄。Youre actually pretty mean to us most of the time.I meant to help you,but an unexpected guest came to see me.Raising wages means increasing purchasing power.I meant what I said to you just now.You are meant to help him out of trouble.

29、You must finish the task on time by all means.5.treat:v.治疗;处理;以态度对待;以方式对待;把看作;把视为;讨论;n.款待;乐事;乐趣;这位工程师觉得自己没有受到公正对待。The engineer felt that he hadnt been fairly treated.他的朋友正在医院接受癌症治疗。他的朋友正在医院接受癌症治疗。His friend is being treated for his cancer in the hospital.This meal is my treat,so please put away your

30、 money.treat sb.well/badly/fairlytreat sb.seriously认真对待某人认真对待某人treat sb.to sth 用某物招待某人用某物招待某人treatment对待，治疗对待，治疗 n.under treatment在治疗中在治疗中 6.Sb./Sth.be likely to do sth.It is likely that It is possible that.It is possible for sb.to do sth.It is probable thatHe is likely to set a new world record thi

31、s year.It is likely that he will set a new world record this year.It is possible that he will set a new world record this year.get ideas from different sourcesdevelop your own tasteTo start/begin with,be worth doing point you in the right directionfor yourself亲自，为自己亲自，为自己take time to look through the collectionscome acrossseek out books to your taste(sought-sought)enjoy reading all the moreSurprisingly,it turns out the exact opposite.treat others with kindness,generosity and love.